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1、毕业设计外文文献翻译毕业设计外文文献翻译土木工程与建筑系院院系：系：On the whole process of construction project cost controlOn the whole process of construction project cost control【AbstractAbstract】:This article mainly introduced the engineering project cost controlthroughout the whole process of project implementation,including p

2、roject decision-making,project design,project bidding,project construction and completion of the settlement this fivestages.【KeywordsKeywords】:Project,the construction cost,engineering,project,construction,projectcostEngineering project cost control throughout the whole process of project implementa

3、tion,including project decision-making,project design,project bidding,project construction andcompletion of the settlement this five stages.According to the statistics show that,in theproject decision-making stage and design stage,and the influence of construction project costis a 40%chance-75%;and

4、in construction stage,influence the possibility of constructionproject cost is only 5%-25%.Obviously,control the cost of the key link is in the projectimplementation of decision-making and design stage before.And from a stage programspeaking,construction management can play a decisive role.To contro

5、l the engineering costis in the design phase,project decision stage,stage of construction,project bidding,completed the stage of the settlement construction engineering cost incurred amount ofcontrol in the approval within the limit,and correct the deviation of at any time,ensuredivision breakdown t

6、heir investment goal the realization,to get the best economic benefit andsocial benefit.1 whole process cost control each phase of the basic situation1 whole process cost control each phase of the basic situationThe whole process of construction project cost control can be divided into the following

7、basically five stages:1.1 construction project cost control decision-making stage1.1 construction project cost control decision-making stageP Project investment decision is choice and decided to invest action process,is aiming projecton the necessity and feasibility of technical and economic the aut

8、hentication,correctdecision-making is reasonable and the premise to control the engineering cost,includingfeasibility study,investment estimation,financial foundation estimates and evaluation data.Project investment decision stage cost control and management of the key is:1)Completes the project dec

9、ision-making before preparation.Comprehensive collecting havematerial,including equipment operation,equipment technical parameters,the constructionmarket dynamic and other related content of the original records and information.To do thescientific research work and then find out need emphasizes to s

10、olve the problems.2)to do a project proposal and feasibility studies reports.Must according to the marketdemand and development prospects,reasonably determine the scale of the project andconstruction standards.Two applications should be strong conviction and feasibility.In thefight for early project

11、 at the same time,should be completed as soon as possible of thefeasibility study.3)science to develop the construction projects of benefit analysis of activities of investmentestimate and work.The preparation of investment estimate to have the basis,to be as carefulas possible and reasonable.From r

12、eality,full consideration to during the project that may ariseduring the process of all kinds of accidents and unfavorable factors,as well as their cost of theproject may produce negative effects,want to consider the market situation and constructionof the reserve price during the floating coefficie

13、nt,like this can make the investment basicallyaccord with the actual and leave room,make the investment estimate really play the role ofcontrol the total investment in the project.1.2 project cost control design stage1.2 project cost control design stageThe government in accordance with the examinat

14、ion and approval according to regulation,design institute of professional elaborate design,the strict control of cost engineers,theengineering construction cost control design stage trinity optimal combination.Theconstruction project design is by plans to reality decisive significance of the work ph

15、ase,design work is one of the important principles to ensure that the design integrity,designed forthis work include the design evaluation and comparison,the design scheme optimizationdesign budgetary estimate,the compiling and examination,the list of quantities and controlthe compiling and price re

16、view.1)Reasonable function orientation and reliable design quality,meet the national standards,meet the project function requirement,this is the quality of the design of the four basicrequirements.The function of the construction project positioning,first must do with nationalconditions,reflect the

17、national strength.At the same time,the engineering design must meetthe construction procedure in each stage of depth requirements,avoid and prevent Sanchez(budget exceeds the estimation,the budget exceeds the budget estimates,the settlement)takesplace.2)Optimizing design scheme,effective control of

18、the projectcost.The design phase of theproject cost control and management is not a simple design institute work content,theconstruction unit should also actively cooperate,have prior control and active managementrole.The construction unit in the review of the design unit design documents,first of a

19、ll theattention to the optimization of design schemes of,should be based on all kinds of index andmaterial to the total plane design,construction space and plane design for analysis.The twoanalysis of the cost of the project will not only,a major impact on construction and operationand the productio

20、n,management have a great impact,but also for construction and operationof the production,management has significant correlation.In the choice of technologysolutions,we should persist in China from the actual conditions of,in order to improve thebenefit of investment for the premise,actively and ste

21、adily introducing advanced andreasonable technical scheme and mature new technology,new technology.3)Executes limitation for engineering design.To effectively control the construction cost,should be in the design process of the quota design way.The so-called quota design inaccordance with approved r

22、eliability is in the study,investment estimation forehead designand construction design,and to guarantee the use function,under the premise of according tothe distribution of after thinning investment quota control,professional design,to try to stopnot reasonable to change,in order to ensure that th

23、e total investment is not a breakthrough.Decomposition of total investment and project is a total of quota design and effective waysand main method,it is the design stage of the examination will be investment anddecomposing the quantity of each professional,and then after thinning the decomposition

24、toeach unit engineering and the division of engineering,through the layers of decomposition torealize to the investment quota control and management,but also to achieve to designspecifications,design standards,engineering quantity and project budget index,and otheraspects of the management and contr

25、ol.Preliminary design must be in the feasibility study stage of investment estimate approval forthe bottom line,and through the limitationof the way to control budget not more than theinvestment estimate,the focus is on the quantities and equipment,material control.So theamount of quota design and s

26、hall be in the feasibility study stage of design projectexamination and equipment,material standard as the basis for a feasibility study stage cannotbe determined preliminarily concluded that for certain quantity.For the design,eachprofessional design personnel should conscientiously strengthen proj

27、ect cost consciousness,and strictly according to the limit the decomposition of the design to control the projectinvestment,to ensure that the design according to the limit in the decomposition of theinvestment to control the project,to secure the use function,under the premise of engineeringcost an

28、d effort to control project in the limit of.To encourage and promote design personnelwell design scheme selection,should introduce a competitive mechanism and implementbidding for the design,make the design units and design personnel increase marketcompetition consciousness,try our best to make a de

29、sign scheme more attain perfect.1.3 project tendering and bidding and sign a contract stage1.3 project tendering and bidding and sign a contract stageAnalysis of the specific conditions of the construction project,and according to the quantitiesbill valuation method,nine ministries to standard prepa

30、re the tender documents in the tenderdocuments.Through the bid opening bid assessment,voted for a is able to satisfy the tenderdocuments,the provisions of the comprehensive evaluation standard,2 it is able to meet therequirements of the tender documents and substantial after the appraisal bids the l

31、owest price,but the bid price below the cost of except the winning bidder.The winning bidder isdetermined;the bid-winning notice issued in accordance with law,and in accordance with thetender documents and the bid documents of the winning bidder concludes a contract inwriting.1)The tender documents

32、to the list of quantities of programming.The list of quantities by theconstruction bidding,it is to point to by the bid invitation unit to provide a uniform biddingdocuments(including the quantities bill),bidding unit based on this,according to the tenderdocuments to the list of quantities and the r

33、elevant requirements,the construction and theactual situation of the worked the construction organization design,according to the enterprisequota or refer to the competent administrative department of construction of the currentconsumption quota released and cost management agencies released to the

34、market price of bidprice quotation information,and the bid invitation unit selected according to the process ofthe winning bidder.2)to the list of quantities of law base price.The list of quantities of floor price under standardshall be in strict accordance with the standard to prepare to the list o

35、f quantities ofengineering quantity are and comprehensive project content,according to the market price.Detailed list of engineering quantity of engineering quantity and wrote out the comprehensiveproject content may not be altered,fluctuation,must be kept and the bidding unit pricing theunity of th

36、e caliber.If the list of quantities and prepare the tender of base price is not sameunit,should pay attention to release the list of quantities of the bidding documents andestablishment of the strike to the list of quantities in the format and contents,description andso on various aspects keeps cons

37、istent,avoid from here and the result of failure or tenderevaluation an injustice.3)The construction contract choice.The contract type selection should consider the factorsinclude:the project scale and time limit for a project length,project competition,and projectsingle engineering projects are cle

38、ar degree,the length of time,the project of the externalenvironment factors.In the choice of the contract type,although the developer has theinitiative,but the developer cant only consider their own interests,comprehensiveconsideration of the project shall be of various factors,consider the contract

39、or bear ability,determined by the both parties of the contract type.1.4 project project construction cost control1.4 project project construction cost controlBecause of project construction cycle is long,the economic relations and laws involving thecomplex relationship by natural conditions and obje

40、ctive,the great influence,lead to theactual situation of the projectand project tendering and bidding situation will be comparedhas some changes.Therefore,often in engineering change and the contract price adjustment,the engineering claims this stage include the value of the project construction set

41、tlement anduse fund plan and application.1)Try to control engineering change and the visa.In the project construction process,engineering change and the visa is inevitable,but will be powerful control.Due to theexistence of loopholes for construction drawing and any defects and lead to change,except

42、 inthe design drawings audit strictly when the party should be in the design,consultation,co-examination and technical consultation when carefully examine and check,in order to findthe early to eliminate hidden dangers.Change hidden trouble found earlier,may cause loss ofthe small.So,should as far a

43、s possible to the design change control in the design stage initial,especially for those who can seriously affect engineering,more to want to use down after thefirst,change measures solved properly.Even in the construction process,also should strictlyaccording to the visa procedures and provisions,s

44、uch ability make project cost controleffectively.2)Audit strictly engineering construction drawing budget.Supervisors should according tothe progress of the construction drawing design plan and the construction of the actualschedule,timely construction drawing budget approved.Beyond the correspondin

45、g to budgetand construction drawing budget.Beyond the corresponding to the budget estimatesconstruction drawing design part,will be detailed analysis,find out the cause,and promptlyand project principal contact,depending on how to adjust or amend the truth agreed controlgoals.This is the cost of the

46、 project of dynamic control and management.3)into the scene,collect and master information related to the construction,do contractmanagement work in project construction process,the personnel and cost control personnelrelated to often deeply the construction site,contrast carefully check constructio

47、n drawings,and to project contract as the basis,the construction site to grasp the dynamic,assist owners toreview and appraisal,because of the change of the design,the scene and visa and theadditional costs is reasonable.1.5 The final accounts of the completed project phase and after completion1.5 T

48、he final accounts of the completed project phase and after completionengineering warrantyengineering warrantyThe final accounts of the completed project is based on real number and currency index forthe units of measure,which reflects the comprehensive completed projects start to projectcompletion f

49、or all of the delivery of the construction cost,construction achievements andfinancial situation summary of the documents.Completed the final accounts by,completionfinancial final accounting statements,project completion figure,and project completion costanalysis of four parts.The quality repair war

50、ranty is a kind of after-sales service way,is thequality of contractor responsibility,among this warranty scope involves,period,economicresponsibility and warranty costs and expenses processing.1)Audit completed projects compliance with the terms of these contract requirements content,whether accept