计算机常用术语.pdf
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1、计算机常用术语3DNow!(3D no waiting)3DPA(3D Positional Audio,3D 定位音频)3DS(3D SubSystem,三维子系统)ABS(Auto Balance System,自动平衡系统)AC(AudioCodec,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)ACOPS:Automatic CPU OverHeat Prevention System(CPU 过热预防系统)ACPI(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface,先进设置和电源管理)AE(Atmospheric Effects,雾化效果)AFR(Alternate
2、 Frame Rendering,交替渲染技术)AGAS(Anti Glare Anti Static Coatings,防强光、防静电涂层)AGP:Accelarated Graphic Port(加速图形端口),一种CPU与图形芯片的总线结构AGU(Address Generation U nits,地址产成单元)AH:Authentication H eader,鉴定文件头AHA(Accelerated Hub Architecture,加速中心架构)AL:Artificial Life(人工生命)ALU(Arithmetic Logic U n it,算术逻辑单元)AMR(Audio/
3、Modem R iser,音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡)AMR(Audio/Modem Riser;音效/调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)Anisotropic Filtering(各向异性过滤)API(Application Programming Interfaces,应用程序接 U)APIC:Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller(高级程序中断控制器)APM(Advanced Power Management,高级能源管理)APPE(Advanced Packet Parsing Engine,增强形帧解析引擎)ARP(Address Reso
4、lution Protocol,地址解析协议)ASC(Anti Static Coatings,防静电涂层)ASC(Auto-Sizing and Centering,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange,美国国家标准信息交换代码)ASIC:Application Specific Integrated Circuit(特殊应用积体电路)ASKIR(Amplitude Shift Keyed Infra-Red,长波形可移动输入红外线)ASMO(Advanced Storage Magnet
5、o-Optical,增强形光学存储器)ASPI(Advanced SCSI Program Interface,高级 SCSI 编程接口。它定义了 当和 SCSI 主机适配器通讯时应用程序使用的一系列软件命令)AST(Average Seek tim e,平均寻道时间)ATA(ATAttachment,AT 扩展型)ATAPI(AT Attachment Packet Interface)ATC(Access Time from C lock,时钟存取时间)ATL:ActiveX Template Library(ActiveX 模板库)ATM(Asynchronous Transfer M
6、ode,异步传输模式)ATOMM(Advanced super Thin-layer and high-Output Metal Media,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)ATX:AT Extend(扩展型 AT)Auxiliary Input(辅助输入接 口)AV(AnalogVideo,模拟视频)AVI(Audio Video Interleave,音频视频插入)Back B uffer,后置缓冲Backface culling(隐面消除)BASICiBeginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code(初学者通用指令代码)Battle for Eyeb
7、alls(眼球大战,各 3D 图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)BCF(Boot Catalog F ile,启动目录文件)Benchmarks:基准测试程序数值BGA(Ball Grid A rray,球状矩阵排列)BGA(Ball Grid A rray,球状矩阵排列)BGA:Ball Grid Array(球状网格阵列)BHT(branch prediction tab le,分支预测表)BIF(Boot Image F ile,启动映像文件)Bilinear Filtering(双线性过滤)BIOS(Basic Input/Output System,基本输入/输出系统)BLA:Be
8、am Landing Area(电子束落区)BMC(Black Matrix Screen,超黑矩阵屏幕)BOD(Bandwidth On Dem and,弹性带宽运用)BOPS:Billion Operations Per Second,十亿次运算/秒bps(bit per second,位/秒)BPU(Branch Processing U n it,分支处理单元)Brach Pediction(分支预测)BSD(Berkeley Software Distribution,伯克利软件分配代号)BSRAM(Burst pipelined synchronous static R A M,突
9、发式管道同步静态存储器)BTB/C:Branch Target Buffer/Cache(分支目标缓冲)C2C:card-to-card interleaving,卡到卡交错存取CAD:computer-aided design,计算机辅助设计CAM(Common Access M odel,公共存取模型)CAS(Column Address Strobe,列地址控制器)CBR(Committed Burst R ate,约定突发速率)CC:Companion Chip(同伴芯片),MediaGX系统的主板芯片组CCD(Charge Coupled D evice,电荷连接设备)CCIRN:C
10、oordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networking,洲CCM(Call Control M anager,拨号控制管理)cc-NUMA(cache-coherent non uniform memory access,连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址)CCS(Cut Change System)CCT(Clock Cycle T im e,时钟周期)CDR(CD Recordable,可记录光盘)CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROM extended Architecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)CDRW(CD-Rewritable,
11、可重复刻录光盘)CDSL:Consumer Digital Subscriber Line(消费者数字订阅线路)CE(ConsumerElectronics,消费电子)CEM(cube environment m apping,立方环境映射)Center Processing Unit Utilization,11 1 央处理器占用率CEO(Chief Executive O fficer,首席执行官)CG(Computer Graphics,计算机生成图像)CGI(Common Gateway Interface,通用网关接口)CHRP(Common Hardware Reference P
12、latform,共用硬件平台,IBM 为 PowerPC 制定的标准,可以兼容 Mac OS,Windows NT,Solaris,OS/2,Linux 和 AIX 等多种操作系统)CIEA:Commercial Internet Exchange Association,商业因特网交易协会CIR(Committed Infomation R ate,约定信息速率)CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)CISC:Complex Instruc
13、tion Set Computing(复杂指令结构)Clipping(剪贴纹理)C LK(Clock C ycle,时钟周期)Clock Synthesizer,时钟合成器CLV(Constant Linear Velocity,恒定线速度)CMOS:Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(互补金属氧化物半导体)CMOS:Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体CMOS:Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体COB(Cache on
14、board,板上集成缓存)COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存)COD(Cache on D ie,芯片内集成缓存)COD(Cache on D ie,芯片内集成缓存)COM:Component Object Model(组件对象模式)COMDEX:Computer Distribution Exposition(计算机代理分销业展览会)compressed textures(压缩纹理)Concurrent Command Engine,协作命令引擎COO(Chief Organizer O fficer,首席管理官)CP:Ceramic Package(陶瓷封装)CPGA(Ce
15、ramic Pin Grid A rray,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid A rray,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPGA:Ceramic Pin Grid Array(陶瓷针脚网格阵列)CPS:Certification Practice Statement(使用证明书)CPU(Center Processing U n it,中央处理器)CPU:Center!Processing Unit(中央处理器)CPU:Center Processing U n it,中央处理器CRC:Cyclical Redundancy Check(循环冗余检查)CRT(Cathode
16、Ray T u b e,阴极射线管)CS(Channel Separation,声道分离)CSE(Configuration Space E nable,可分配空间)CSS(Common Command S e t,通用指令集)CSS:Cascading Style Sheets,层叠格式表CTO(Chief Technology O fficer,首席技术官)CTS(Carpal Tunnel Sydrome,计算机腕管综合症)CTS(Clear to S en d,清除发送)CVS(Compute Visual Syndrome,计算机视觉综合症)DAC(Digital to Analog
17、 Converter,数模传换器)DAC:Dual Address Cycle,双重地址周期DAE(digital Audio Extraction,数据音频抓取)Data Forwarding(数据前送)DB:Deep Buffer(深度缓冲)DB:Device B a y,设备插架DBS-PC:Direct Broadcast Satellite PC(人造卫星直接广播式 PC)DCD:Document Content Description for XML:XML 文件内容描述DCE:Data Circuit Terminal Equipment,数据通信设备DCOM:Distribut
18、ing Component Object M odel,构造物体模块DCT:Display Compression Technology(显示压缩技术)DDC:Display Data Channel,显示数据通道DDR SDRAM(Double Date R ate,双数据率 SDRAM)DDSS II(Double Dynamic Suspension System I I,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)DDSS(Double Dynamic Suspension System,双悬浮动态减震系统)DEC(Direct Etching C oatings,表面蚀刻涂层)Decal(卬花法,用于生
19、成一些半透明效果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)Decode(指令解码)DES:Data Encryption Standard,数据加密标准DFL(Dynamic Focus L en s,动态聚焦)DFP(Digital Flat P anel,数字式平面显示器)DFS(Digital Flex S can,数字伸缩扫描)DFS:Dynamic Flat Shading(动态平面描影),可用作加速DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,动态主机分配协议DIB(Dual Independent B u s,双独立总线)DIB:Dual Independent
20、Bus(双重独立总线),包括 L2cache 总线和 PTMM(Processer To MainMemory,CPU至主内存)总线DIC:Digital Image Control(数字图像控制)Digital Multiscan H(数字式智能多频追踪)DIL(dual-in-line)DIMM(Dual In-line Memory M odules,双重内嵌式内存模块)DIR(Direct Rendering Infrastructure,基层直接渲染)Directional L ight,方向性光源Disc Wizard(磁盘控制软件)Dithering(抖动)DLP(digital
21、 Light Processing,数字光处理)DLS-2(Downloadable Sounds Level 2,第二代可下载音色)DMA(Direct Memory A ccess,直接内存存取)DME:Direct Memory Execute(直接内存执行)DMF:Distribution Media FormatDMI(Desktop Management Interface,桌面管理接 口)DMT:Discrete Multi-T one,不连续多基频模式DNA:Distributed Internet Application(分布式因特网应用程序)DNS(Domain Name
22、System,域名系统)DOCSIS(Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications,线缆服务接 口数据规格)DOF(Depth of F ield,多重境深)DOSD:Digital On Screen Display(同屏数字化显示)Dot Pitch(点距)dot texture blending(点型纹理混和)Double Buffering(双缓冲区)DP:Dual Processing(双处理器)DPC(Desktop P C,桌面 PC)DPMS(Display Power Management Signalling,显示能源管理
23、信号)DQL(Dynamic Quadrapole L en s,动态四极镜)DRAM(Dynamic Random Access M em ory,动态随机存储器)DRDRAM(Direct RAMbus D R A M,直接 RAMbus 内存)DS3D(DirectSound 3D Streams)DSD(Direct Stream D igital,直接数字信号流)DSL(Down Loadable Sam ple,可下载的取样音色)DSL:Data Strobe L in k,数据选通连接DSP(Digital Signal Processing,数字信号处理)DST(Drive S
24、elf T est,磁盘自检程序)DTD:Document Type Definition,文件类型定义DTE:Data Terminal Equipment,数据终端设备DVD(Digital Video D isk,数字视频光盘)DVI(Digital Video Interface,数字视频接口)D X:指包含数学协处理器的CPU ECC:Error Check Correct(错误检查纠正)DxR:DynamicXTended Resolution(动态可扩展分辨率)DXTC(Direct X Texture Compress,DirectX 纹理压缩,以 S3TC 为基础)Dynam
25、ic Z-buffering(动态Z 轴缓冲区),显示物体远近,可用作远景EAX(Environmental Audio Extensions,环境音效扩展技术)EB(Expansion B u s,扩展总线)EBR(Excess Burst R ate,超额突发速率)EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)EC(Embedded Controller,微型控制器)ECC(Error Checking and Correction,错误检查修正)ECC:Elliptic Curve Crypto(椭圆曲线加密)ECRS:Entry Call Return Stack(回叫堆
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