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1、八年级下册Units 5、6【重点单词重点单词】1._(n.)亲戚亲戚;亲属亲属2._(v.)偷偷;窃取窃取3._(pron.)无论谁无论谁;不论什么人不论什么人4._(v.)放置放置;产卵产卵5._(n.)甜食甜食6._(n.)花园花园7._(n.)圣诞节圣诞节relativestealwhoeverlaydessertgardenChristmas8._(v.)处罚处罚;惩罚惩罚9._(v.)警告警告;告诫告诫10._(n.)现在现在;礼物礼物(adj.)目前的目前的11._(v.&n.)传播传播;蔓延蔓延12._(n.)邮票邮票13._(prep.)在在旁边旁边;在附近在附近14._(n
2、.)明信片明信片;贺卡贺卡punishwarnpresentspreadstampbesidepostcard15._(v.&n.)仓促仓促;急促急促16._(n.)葡萄葡萄17._(n.)角落角落;拐角处拐角处18._(v.&n.)要求要求;请求请求19._(n.)地址地址;通讯处通讯处20._(n.)课程课程;学科学科rushgrapecornerrequestaddresscourse【词汇拓展词汇拓展】1.tie(v.)_(现在分词现在分词)2.lie(v.)_(现在分词现在分词)3.die(v.)_(adj.)死的死的;过世的过世的_(n.)死死;死亡死亡4.warm(adj.)_(
3、n.)温暖温暖;暖和暖和5.east(n.)_(adj.)东部的东部的;东方的东方的6.expensive(adj.)_(adj.)不贵的不贵的7.crowd(n.&v.)_(adj.)拥挤的拥挤的_(adj.)不拥挤的不拥挤的;人少的人少的tyinglyingdeaddeathwarmtheasterninexpensivecrowdeduncrowded8.polite(adj.)_(adv.)礼貌地礼貌地_(反义词反义词)没礼貌的没礼貌的;粗鲁的粗鲁的9.direct(v.&adj.)_(n.)方向方向_(adv.)直接地直接地10.speak(v.)_(n.)发言者发言者_(adj.)
4、口头的口头的_(n.)演讲演讲11.who(pron.)_(宾格宾格)谁谁politelyimpolitedirectiondirectlyspeakerspokenspeechwhom【短语快译短语快译】1.增加增加(体重体重);发胖发胖_2.摆开摆开;布置布置_3.最终成为最终成为_4.犯错犯错;出错出错_5.捉弄某人捉弄某人_6.警告某人做某事警告某人做某事_7.路过路过;经过经过_8.抱歉抱歉;请再说一遍请再说一遍_put onlay outend upmake mistakes/a mistakeplay a trick on sb.warn sb.to do sth.pass by
5、pardon me【句式填写句式填写】1.我知道泼水节很有趣。我知道泼水节很有趣。I know _ the Water Festival is really fun.2.我想知道他们明年是否还举办比赛。我想知道他们明年是否还举办比赛。I wonder _ theyll have the races again next year.3.泼水节好有趣泼水节好有趣!_ _ the Water Festival is!thatif/whetherWhat fun4.龙舟是多么漂亮啊龙舟是多么漂亮啊!_ _ the dragon boats were!5.打扰了打扰了,你知道我在哪里能买到药吗你知道我在
6、哪里能买到药吗?Excuse me,do you know _ _ _ _ some medicine?当然。在街边有一家超市。当然。在街边有一家超市。Sure._ a supermarket down the street.6.请你告诉我怎样去邮局好吗请你告诉我怎样去邮局好吗?Could you please tell me _ _ _ _ the post office?7.然而然而,学会如何使用适当的语言很重要。学会如何使用适当的语言很重要。However,_ _ _ _ _ how to use the right language.How prettywhere I can buyT
7、hereshow to get toit is important to learn考点一考点一 Ive put on five pounds.我体重增加了五磅。我体重增加了五磅。put on增加增加(体重体重);发胖发胖【知识构建知识构建】(1)put on的三种含义的三种含义(2)put on是是动动副副短短语语,若若其其宾宾语语是是名名词词时时,放放在在put与与on的的中中间间或或其其后后面面,若其宾语是代词时若其宾语是代词时,放在放在put与与on的中间。的中间。【即学活用即学活用】完成句子完成句子Well _ _ _ _ _(上演一部英语戏剧上演一部英语戏剧)Snow Whited
8、uring this years Art Festival.He ate a lot and did little exercise,so he _ _ _ _(胖了胖了10磅磅).put on an English playput on 10 pounds考点二考点二 Whoever drank this could live forever,and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Change.无论谁吃了这无论谁吃了这(药药)都能长生不老都能长生不老,后羿计划和嫦后羿计划和嫦娥一起喝它。娥一起喝它。whoever pron.无论谁无论谁【知识构建知识构建】(
9、1)whoever意意为为“无无论论谁谁;不不管管任任何何人人”,作作连连接接代代词词,引引导导主主语语从从句句,相当于相当于anyone who.。Whoever comes will be welcome.=Anyone who comes will be welcome.谁来都欢迎。谁来都欢迎。(2)whoever还还可可以以作作为为连连词词,引引导导让让步步状状语语从从句句,相相当当于于no matter who。Whoever you are,you cant pass this way.(=No matter who you are,you cant pass this way.)
10、不管你是谁不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。你都不能从这里通过。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】有类似用法的连词还有有类似用法的连词还有:whenever=no matter when无论什么时候无论什么时候,wherever=no matter where无论在哪儿无论在哪儿,whichever=no matter which无论哪一个无论哪一个,whatever=no matter what无论什么无论什么,however=no matter how无论怎样。无论怎样。【即学活用即学活用】任何人想要这书都可以拿去。任何人想要这书都可以拿去。_wants the book may have it.Whoe
11、ver calls me,please tell him that Im not in.(改为同义句改为同义句)_ _ _calls me,please tell him that Im not in.答案答案:WhoeverNo matter who考考点点三三 He went out quickly and lay out his favorite fruits and desserts in the garden.他很快地出去他很快地出去,且在花园里摆出他最喜爱的水果和甜点。且在花园里摆出他最喜爱的水果和甜点。lay(laid,laid)v.放置放置;安放安放;产产(卵卵);下下(蛋蛋)
12、【知识构建知识构建】动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词lay放置放置,下下(蛋蛋)laidlaidlayinglie躺躺laylainlying【即学活用即学活用】Those hens _ _(下蛋下蛋)every day.I was too tired and _(躺躺)in bed for a whole day yesterday.Look!Some people are _(lie)on the beach.lay eggslaylying考点四考点四 One Christmas Eve,Scrooge sees the ghost of Jacob Marl
13、ey,his dead business partner.一个圣诞夜一个圣诞夜,斯克鲁奇看见了他的去世的生意伙伴雅各布斯克鲁奇看见了他的去世的生意伙伴雅各布马利的魂魄。马利的魂魄。dead adj.死去的死去的;失去生命的失去生命的【知识构建知识构建】die不及物动词不及物动词,表示表示“死、死亡死、死亡”。Flowers will soon die if they are left without water.花如花如果不浇水果不浇水,不久就会枯死。不久就会枯死。dead形容词形容词,表示表示“死的死的;无生命的无生命的”。He has been dead for five years.他已
14、死了他已死了5年了。年了。dyingdie的现在分词的现在分词,也可作形容词也可作形容词,表表“垂死的垂死的,濒于死亡边濒于死亡边缘的缘的,枯萎的枯萎的”之意。之意。She is dying.她快要死了。她快要死了。death名词名词,表示表示“死、死亡死、死亡”。The police are trying to establish the cause of death.警察警察在设法确定死因。在设法确定死因。【温馨提示温馨提示】die是非延续性动词是非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。【即学活用即学活用】选词填空选词填空 died,dead,dying,
15、deathHis grandma has been _ for 5 years.Chairman Mao _ in 1976.She is very ill.She is _.Be calm._doesnt visit you.deaddieddyingDeath考考点点五五 He warns Scrooge to change his way if he doesnt want to end up like him.他他告告诫诫Scrooge如如果果他他不不想想像像他他一一样样结结束束的的话话,要要改改变变他他的方式。的方式。warn v.告诫告诫;警告警告【知识构建知识构建】warn用作动
16、词用作动词,意为意为“警告警告;告诫告诫”,常用结构有常用结构有:(1)warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人警告某人(不要不要)做某事。做某事。The police warn Mr Black not to drive after drinking again.警察警告布莱克先生不要再酒后驾驶了。警察警告布莱克先生不要再酒后驾驶了。(2)warn sb.about/of sth.提醒、警告某人某事。提醒、警告某人某事。They warned him about/of the dangers of climbing alone.他们警告他独自攀登的种种危险。他们警告他独自攀登的
17、种种危险。(3)warn sb.against(doing)sth.警告、提醒某人提防警告、提醒某人提防(做做)某事。某事。He warned us against thieves.他提醒我们要提防小偷。他提醒我们要提防小偷。【即学活用即学活用】The headteacher warned him _ _ _.(不要吸烟不要吸烟)The police warned us _ _ _ _ _ in the sea.(游泳的危险游泳的危险)not to smokeof/about the danger of swimming考点六考点六 The bookstore is on your right
18、,beside the bank.书店就在你的右边书店就在你的右边,在银行旁边。在银行旁边。beside prep.在旁边在旁边;在附近在附近【词义辨析词义辨析】beside与与besidesbeside介词介词,意为意为“在旁边在旁边;在附近在附近”He is sitting beside the driver.他正他正坐在司机旁边。坐在司机旁边。besides介词介词,意为意为“除除(提提到的到的)之外之外”Besides the violin,Jack also plays the piano.除小提琴外除小提琴外,杰克也弹钢杰克也弹钢琴。琴。副词副词,意为意为“还有还有;而且而且”,用
19、于增加用于增加理由的说服力理由的说服力I dont want to go shopping.Besides,I dont have money.我不想我不想去购物。而且去购物。而且,我也没有钱。我也没有钱。【即学活用即学活用】选词填空选词填空 beside,besidesTo learn English,listening is also important _ reading.Our school is _ the park,not far from my home.besidesbeside考点七考点七 Could you please tell me how to get to the
20、bookstore?请你告诉我怎样到达书店好吗请你告诉我怎样到达书店好吗?疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式【知识构建知识构建】这这是是一一个个简简单单句句,不不是是含含有有宾宾语语从从句句的的复复合合句句,其其中中“how to get to the bookstore”属属于于“疑疑问问词词+不不定定式式”构构成成的的短短语语结结构构,作作tell的的宾宾语语。该该结构常可转换为宾语从句。例如结构常可转换为宾语从句。例如:I dont know where to go next.=I dont know where we will go next.我不知道接下来我们该去哪儿。我不知道接下来
21、我们该去哪儿。【即学活用即学活用】So beautiful flowers!I cant decide _ _ _(选哪种选哪种)for my mom.For Mothers Day,it cant be better to take some carnations(康乃馨康乃馨).Could you please tell me where we will go on vacation?(改为简单句改为简单句)Could you please tell me _ _ _ on vacation?where to gowhich to choose考点八考点八 Could you please
22、 tell me where the restrooms are?请你告诉我厕所在哪里好吗请你告诉我厕所在哪里好吗?宾语从句宾语从句【知识构建知识构建】(1)这这是是一一个个含含有有where引引导导的的宾宾语语从从句句的的复复合合句句。引引导导宾宾语语从从句句的的引引导导词词除除that外外,where,when,what,who,whose,which,why,how等等也也可可用作引导词引导宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序。用作引导词引导宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序。(2)句中句中could是是can的委婉语的委婉语,不是过去式。不是过去式。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】如何变宾语从句如何变宾语从句从
23、句的原形句从句的原形句引导词引导词陈述句陈述句that(在口语或非正式问题中常省略在口语或非正式问题中常省略)一般疑问句一般疑问句whether,if(在口语中常用在口语中常用if)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句who,what,which,when,where,how,why等等【巧学妙记巧学妙记】巧记宾语从句的用法巧记宾语从句的用法宾语从句最易考宾语从句最易考,三个考点需记牢。三个考点需记牢。一点常考引导词一点常考引导词,不同句子词相异。不同句子词相异。陈述句子用陈述句子用that,一般疑问是否一般疑问是否(if/whether)替替;特殊问句更好办特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。引导还用疑问词。二
24、点时态常变化二点时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。从句时态向前移。三点语序要牢记三点语序要牢记,陈述语序从句中。陈述语序从句中。【温馨提示温馨提示】当当宾宾语语从从句句表表达达的的内内容容是是客客观观事事实实或或科科学学真真理理时时,无无论论主主句句是是何何种时态种时态,从句的时态都用一般现在时。从句的时态都用一般现在时。【即学活用即学活用】Lets send him home.Do you know _ _ _(他住哪儿他住哪儿)?I have no idea.(2015北京中
25、考北京中考)Can you tell me _ _ _ _(你什么你什么时候旅行时候旅行)to London?Sure.Next month.where he liveswhen you will travel考考点点九九 Pardon me,do you know if theres a restaurant around here?打扰了打扰了,你知道这儿是否有家餐馆你知道这儿是否有家餐馆?Pardon me抱歉抱歉;对不起对不起;请再说一遍请再说一遍【知识构建知识构建】(1)当当未未听听清清某某人人刚刚说说过过的的话话而而请请其其重重复复时时,英英式式英英语语常常说说Pardon?或或S
26、orry?;美式英语则常说美式英语则常说Pardon me?或或Excuse me?(2)pardon me还常用于以下情形还常用于以下情形,相当于相当于excuse me:用于做了不礼貌的事情之后用于做了不礼貌的事情之后,如打断某人或身体发出不雅的声音如打断某人或身体发出不雅的声音;用于礼貌地提出异议用于礼貌地提出异议;用于请求别人让道。用于请求别人让道。【即学活用即学活用】打扰了打扰了,邮局在哪儿邮局在哪儿?_?对不起对不起,请说得慢一点好吗请说得慢一点好吗?_?Pardon me,where is the post officePardon me,can you speak slowly
27、考点十考点十 It is impolite to arrive late for the meeting.会议迟到是不礼貌的。会议迟到是不礼貌的。impolite adj.不礼貌的不礼貌的;粗鲁的粗鲁的polite adj.有礼貌的有礼貌的;客气的客气的【知识构建知识构建】polite,impolite和和politely的区别的区别polite形容词形容词,意为意为“有礼貌的有礼貌的;客气的客气的”impolite形容词形容词,意为意为“不礼貌的不礼貌的;粗鲁的粗鲁的”,由由“否定前缀否定前缀im-+polite”构成。其同义词为构成。其同义词为rudepolitely副词副词,意为意为“有
28、礼貌地有礼貌地;客气地客气地”,在句中修饰动词在句中修饰动词【即学活用即学活用】选词填空选词填空 polite,politelyIt is important to know how to ask for help _.The girl is very _ and we all like her.The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people _(polite).politelypolitepolitely考点十一考点十一 I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.(现在
29、现在)我建议我建议(去去)水上世界的水城餐馆。水上世界的水城餐馆。suggest v.建议建议;提议提议【知识构建知识构建】(1)suggest后可接名词作宾语后可接名词作宾语,即即suggest sth.意为意为“建议建议”。(2)suggest后后可可接接动动名名词词作作宾宾语语,即即suggest doing sth.意意为为“建建议议做做某某事事”。(3)suggest后后接接that从从句句,且且that从从句句谓谓语语用用“should+动动词词原原形形”结结构构,should可省略可省略,表示表示“建议建议”。(4)suggest的名词形式为的名词形式为suggestion,为可数名词。为可数名词。【即学活用即学活用】完成句子完成句子汤姆建议乘飞机去伦敦汤姆建议乘飞机去伦敦,但是安表示反对。但是安表示反对。Tom _ _ to London by plane but Ann was against it.医生建议人们多锻炼。医生建议人们多锻炼。The doctor suggests _ people _ _ more exercise.父母给了我一些好的建议。父母给了我一些好的建议。My parents give me some good _.suggested goingthatshould do/takesuggestions
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