形容词性从句(定语从句).ppt

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1、Chapter 33 形容词性从句定语从句AttributiveClause（形容词性）定语从句（形容词性）定语从句1、常用关系词及用法、常用关系词及用法2、限制性和非限制性定语从句、限制性和非限制性定语从句考点聚焦：考点聚焦：3、that 的用法的用法4 4、带介词的定语从句、带介词的定语从句焦点焦点1：常用关系词及用法：常用关系词及用法关系代词/副词先行词在从句中的作用who指人作主语whom指人作宾语（可略）whose指人或物作定语that指人或物作主语/宾语which指物作主语/宾语when=in/at/on+which表示时间的名词作时间状语（可略）where=in/on/at+wh

2、ich表示地点的名词作地点状语（可略）Why（=for+which）reason作原因状语（可略）定定语从句从句:用来修用来修饰名名词或代或代词的句子的句子 例如：例如：The man who told you the news is a friend of mine.定定语从从句句是是由由关关系系代代词和和关关系系副副词来来引引导的的。关关系系代代词有有：who,whom,whose,which,that.关系副关系副词有：有：when,where,why 等。等。1.who代替人，在从句中做主代替人，在从句中做主语。e.g.Do you know the man who wrote the

3、 article?What was the name of the man who danced with you last night?2.whom代替人，在从句中做代替人，在从句中做宾语 e.g.This is the boy whom we were looking for.3.whose代替人，在从句中做定代替人，在从句中做定语 e.g.What is the name of the student whose father works in our lab?The building whose roof we can see from here is our department.4

4、.which代替代替 物，在从句中做主物，在从句中做主语或或宾语 e.g.That was a fault which could be forgiven.I will use the reference book which you borrowed from library。5.that代替人或代替人或 物，在从句中做主物，在从句中做主语或或宾语e.g.Who is the man that is lecturing in the classroom.Who is the man that talked with you?6.when表示表示时间，在从句中做状，在从句中做状语。e.g.We

5、 dont know the exact time when we needed help.The day will come when we will win the final victory.7.where.表示地点，在从句中做状表示地点，在从句中做状语e.g.The house where we used to live has been pulled down8.why表示原因，在从句中做状表示原因，在从句中做状语e.g.Do you know the reason why he was so happy?焦点焦点2：非限制性定：非限制性定语从句从句 1.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间

6、关系不密非限制性定语从句与先行词之间关系不密 切，具有独立性。如果从句去掉，主句的意切，具有独立性。如果从句去掉，主句的意 思仍然完整。思仍然完整。2.从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，逗号后不接从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，逗号后不接 that,只能用只能用which.3.非限制性定语从句有时修饰前面整个句子非限制性定语从句有时修饰前面整个句子,此此 时，从句的动词用单数动词。时，从句的动词用单数动词。e.g.*TOEFL is a test for students _ native language is not English.（限制性）A.that B.of whom C.whose D.w

7、hichc *He studied hard in his youth,_ contributed to his great success in later life.A.that B.it（非限制性）C.what D.whichdThe sun heats the earth,which makes it possible for plants to grow.The most important form of energy is electric energy,which is widely used in our everyday life.Galileo,who made the

8、first telescope,died in 1642.Tom passed all his examinations,which pleased his parents.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦焦点焦点3：定语从句的难点：定语从句的难点在下列情况中，只能用关系代词 that1 1）当先行词是不定代词：当先行词是不定代词：all,muchall,much,little,something,little,something,everything,anything everyth

9、ing,anything 等时等时2 2）当从句是主系表句型时）当从句是主系表句型时.3 3）当先行词前面有：当先行词前面有：onlyonly,any,few,little,no,any,few,little,no 等时等时4 4）当先行词是形容词最高级当先行词是形容词最高级和序数词和序数词时：时：that that 不做主语时，可以省去。不做主语时，可以省去。1）当先行词是不定代词：当先行词是不定代词：e.g.IgaveyouallthatIhave.2）当从句是主系表句型时当从句是主系表句型时.e.g.Hespeaksinaproudwayliketheman(that)hewas.3）有

10、：有：only,any,few,little,noe.g.ThisistheonlymountainthatIveeverclimbedinmylife.4）有）有形容词最高级形容词最高级和序数词和序数词时：时：e.g.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?All that glitters is not gold.This is the only mountain that Ive ever climbed in my life.I give you all(that)I have.He knew much that happened in th

11、e town.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.The 6:00 is the first bus(that)there has ever been.焦点焦点4：带介介词的定的定语从句从句e.g.The man to whom you are talking is the manager of the company.The world in which we live is made of matter.The famous professor of whom we have often heard will come to our un

12、iversity.There are nine planets in the solar system,some of which are much larger than our earth.There are some new terms in the article,the meaning of which may be difficult to the students.Have you met the person about whom we were speaking?如果介词在后面则为：-Have you met the person(that,who,whom,/)we wer

13、e speaking about?This is the man to whom I referred.-This is the man(who,whom)I referred to.Do you know the person with whom she was talking?-Do you know the person(who,whom)she was talking with?The tool with which he is working is called a hammer.(with that-错误)-The tool(which/that)he is working wit

14、h is called a hammer.Those who want to go please sign your names here.(who做主语，不能省掉)The man you want to see is now in the hall down stairs.(who(m)做宾语,可以省)He lived in the house whose basement was very big.(whose做定语，不能省)The factory(which/that)we worked in last term was built in 1956.(which/that做宾语,可以省)

15、关系词何时能省略？关系词何时能省略？Thefactory(which/that)weworkedinlasttermwasbuiltin1956.(which/that做宾语,可以省)Thefactory(where)weworkedlasttermwasbuiltin1956.Thedays(when)wehadtorelyoncottonhavenowpassed.Comeanytime(whenever)youlike.Therearemoments(when)Iforgotallaboutit.as 用在非限定性定用在非限定性定语从句从句由as引导的非限定性定语从句，可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。e.g.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Asisknown,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.