英语四级阅读理解方法策略精品文稿.ppt

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1、英语四级阅读理解方法策略第1页，本讲稿共24页一、写作：106.5分二、阅读（包括快速阅读和深度阅读）248.5分三、听力（包括对话、短文、复合式听写）248.5分四、综合测试（包括完形填空/改错和翻译）106.5分第2页，本讲稿共24页四级阅读考试大纲要求能基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章，阅读速度达到每分钟70词。在快速阅读篇幅较长、难度略低的材料时，阅读速度达到每分钟100词。能就阅读材料进行略读和寻读。能借助词典阅读本专业的英语教材和题材熟悉的英文报刊文章，掌握中心大意，理解主要事实和有关细节。能读懂工作、生活中常见的应用文体的材 料。能在阅读中使用有效的阅读方法。大学英语课程教学要求第3

2、页，本讲稿共24页大纲解析阅读速度的要求：70词-100词；阅读技巧的要求：略读和寻读（Skimming and Scanning)；主要考点：1：主旨大意题；(The main idea)2：事实细节题；(Details:原因；目的；结果3：作者的观点和态度；(Opinions and Attitudes)4：分析推理题；(Implies and Inference)第4页，本讲稿共24页四级考试阅读理解的题型及分值题型一：Skimming and scanning;71分；Reading in depth:A.词汇阅读理解:35.5分B.篇章阅读理解:142分第5页，本讲稿共24页第6页，

3、本讲稿共24页快速阅读理解文章及题目的特征1)题目基本按照其考察内容在文章中出现的自然顺序排列；2)文章有大标题,但不一定有小标题；3)题目以细节题为主,在文章中能找到答案；4）题目均可在原文中找到答案，但文章中的表述和题目中选项的表述有一定差异,但意思相同；5)大部分题目均含有用来定位文章信息的关键词；第7页，本讲稿共24页快速阅读理解的阅读技巧略读略读(Skimming)又称跳读(reading and skipping)或浏览(dancing),是一种非常实用的快速阅 读技能,其目的是以尽可能快的速度了解文章的大意和主题思想,并对文章的结构有个总的概念。第8页，本讲稿共24页查读(Sca

4、nning)又称寻读,目的主要是为了从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息,如数字、时间、人名、地名等。在查读时,目光要自上而下、一目数行地寻视与答题内容相关的词句,与此无关的内容要很快略过。第9页，本讲稿共24页快速阅读理解解题步骤第一步：判断提问点,及题目在问什么?例：1.From the first paragraph we know that present day universities have become_.2.Television is attractive advertising medium in that _.3.With the increase in

5、 the number of TV channels,_.4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because _.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to _.第10页，本讲稿共24页快速阅读理解解题步骤第二步：确定定位的关键词：1）题干中的数字、时间、人名、地名；2）题干句子的主干部分；1.Out-o-home advertising has become more effective because _.2.Magazines are seen by advertise

6、rs as an efficient way to _.3.Television is attractive advertising medium in that _.4.With the increase in the number of TV channels,_.5.Over the past three decades,the enrollment of overseas students has increased第11页，本讲稿共24页快速阅读理解解题步骤第三步：带关键词和提问点回到文章中进行寻读(Scanning)，找到关键词出现的句子，对句子进行理解。1From the fir

7、st paragraph we know that present day universities have becomeAmore and more research-orientedBin-service training organizationsCmore popularized than ever beforeDa powerful force for global integrationBut at the same time,the opening of national borders to the flow of goods,services,information and

8、 especially people has made universities a powerful force forglobal integration,mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.第12页，本讲稿共24页2Over the past three decades,the enrollment of overseas students has increasedAby2.5 million Bby 800,000Cat an annual rate of 3.9 percentDat an annual rate of 8

9、 percentOver the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent,from 8000,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.第13页，本讲稿共24页词汇阅读理解第14页，本讲稿共24页词汇阅读理解的基础知识词汇阅读理解的基础知识-句子的基本结构句子的基本结构1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)S+V 2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 S+V+O 3.主语+谓

10、语+表语 S+V+P 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+InO+DO5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 S+V+O+OC 第15页，本讲稿共24页基本语法准则1、动词充当谓语，位于主语之后；2、名词充当主语、表语和宾语，位置在形容之后；3、形容词修饰名词，放在名词前；4、副词修饰形容词或动词，放在谓语动词前，或者形容词之前；5、动词的时态和语态特征；6、动词的形容词化；7、充当定语的非谓语动词；第16页，本讲稿共24页选词填空题解题步骤第一步：大致分析所给词的语义、词性、特征、语法和搭配特征。1）词义特征，意义相近的词；2）词性分类；3）语法特征：动词、名词、形容词；4）词的搭配：动词

11、和名词的搭配；第17页，本讲稿共24页选词填空题解题步骤第二步：读文章，进行选择：1）判断词性，缩小范围；2）确定答案：a.词的意义进行判断；b.语法属性进行判断（该词在句子中的语法功能）；c.搭配特征进行判断；(短语意识）d.同义关系和反义关系（and;or;but)第18页，本讲稿共24页词的分析一A)acting I)informationB)assuming J)offersC)comprehensive K)projectsD)cooperative L)respectivelyE)entire M)roleF)especially N)technologyG)forward O)v

12、ictimsH)images第19页，本讲稿共24页词的分析二A)alert I)formallyB)associated J)functionC)attracting K)mixedD)cling L)negativeE)continuing M)sufficient F)definitely N)tendG)different O)younger第20页，本讲稿共24页试举几例1.All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were _.1)确定需

13、要一个形容词或动词的过去分词用作表语；2）可供选择的答案有：displayed;psychological;raised;smart;standard3)根据句子意义，确定raised是正确选项第21页，本讲稿共24页试举几例But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced,how _ they are,or what career they are likely to choose?1)判断空白处需要形容词；可供选择的选项:displayed;psychological;raised;smart;standard;2)

14、根据意义判断，smart 是正确选项第22页，本讲稿共24页试举几例A concern of psychological scientists is the _ to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture,by genetic makeup and the environment.分析：1）需要名词，充当定于从句的先行词；2）所选名词要和to搭配成短语，而且符合意义的需要；3）to some extent：在一定程度上。第23页，本讲稿共24页Increasingly,science _

15、that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits.From this perspective,people are born _ like undeveloped photographs.The image is already captured,but the way it _ appears can vary based on the development process.Abilities;achieve;appeal;complaints;contributions;displayed;essentially;eventually;extent;indicates;proceeds;psychological;raised;smart;standard.第24页，本讲稿共24页