豌豆语法19同位语从句.pptx

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1、豌豆群：7298916一、同位语从句的定义一、同位语从句的定义 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。的作用。它一般放在它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,que

2、stion 等名词的后面等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词连词that,连接副词连接副词how,when,where,whether,what等。等。e.g.The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.I have no idea when he will come back

3、.豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916二、二、同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式:1第一类第一类 由由that引导引导 The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.由由whether引导引

4、导 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916.连连连连接代接代接代接代词词词词what,who,whom,whose，引导同位语从句 1).Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears.2).Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词when,where,how,whyWehaventye

5、tsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。豌豆群：豌豆群：72989162第二类第二类有时可用有时可用 namely(即即),that is to say(也就是说也就是说),in other words(换句话说换句话说),that is(那就是那就是),for example 等引出同等引出同位语位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面名词或代词的后面He told us the good news,namel

6、y,the museum is open to all.There is only one way of improving your English,that is,to practice more.Altogether Dolly had lived for six years,half the length of the life of the original sheep.豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916三、同位语从句在句中的位置三、同位语从句在句中的位置1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名

7、词所表达的具体内容。IvecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewontbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午可能不能来看你了。2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916四、同位语从句前名词的形式四、同位语从句前名词的形式同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外）加以修饰。

8、WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome？你在哪儿听说我不能来？五、同位语从句的语气五、同位语从句的语气在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(should)usethecomputer.豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916六、同位语从句的先行词六、同位语从句的先行词同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea，situation，fac

9、t，evidence，belief,thought,fact,doubt,fear,hope,question,theory,news,order,ability等等。HowdidthecheatsexplainthefactthattheEmperordidntfeelthenewclothesinhim?代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。Youmustseetoitthatthechildrendontcatchcold.你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916七、同位语从句和定语从句的区别

10、七、同位语从句和定语从句的区别七、同位语从句和定语从句的区别七、同位语从句和定语从句的区别1同位语从句同位语从句说明的名词大都是说明的名词大都是抽象名词抽象名词;定语从句定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象抽象的也有的也有不抽象的不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again.Those who want to go please sign their names here.2同位语从句同位语从句所说明的名词与从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系没有逻辑关系；定语从句所定语从句所限定的

11、名词是限定的名词是从句逻辑上从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等表语、定语、状语等The news that they won the match is true.The news that you told us yesterday is true.豌豆群：豌豆群：72989163 同位语从句主要由连接词同位语从句主要由连接词that引导引导,有时也可用有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导等引导;定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。Then he raised the question where they were

12、 to get the machine needed.Do you know the place where he was born?4引导同位语从句的连词不可省略引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.The news(that)he told me is exciting.5同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子,谓语动词用谓语动词用be的不同形式。的不同

13、形式。He heard the news that their team had won.此句可以变为一个表语从句此句可以变为一个表语从句:The news was that their team had won.豌豆群：豌豆群：72989161.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004春季上海春季上海 )A.which B.that C.what D.whether2.Danby left word with my secretary _ he would cal

14、l again in the afternoon.（05浙江卷）浙江卷）Awho Bthat Cas Dwhich 3.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.(06年上海年上海 春招）春招）A.which B.that C.when D.why豌豆群：豌豆群：72989164.Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?（05辽宁卷）辽宁卷）Athat Bwhat Cas Dwhich5.

15、Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.(2002年上海年上海)A.that B.which C.of which D.what6.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(2001年上海年上海)A.while B.that C.when D.as豌豆群：豌豆群：72989167.A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A.when B.where C.what D.that8._ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match.(2001上海春）上海春）A.Therethat B.Itthat C.Therewhether D.Itwhether豌豆群：豌豆群：7298916豌豆群：7298916