语法——倒装句攻略-(完整版).ppt
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1、 总制片武潇萌(知识点总结)杨敏(总出资人)导演 齐硕(PPT剪辑及合成)主要演员 答题者A王梦思 答题者B李淑蕾 答题者C白旸 答题者D杨娟 答题者E李媛 答题者F包转 答题者G连馨 答题者H孙雅迪 倒装句相关定义的讲解英语句子通常有两种语序:陈述语序;倒装语序倒装语序的定义:将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序倒装句的分类:完全倒装(完全倒装(full inversionfull inversion)即为将整个谓语提到主语之前 部分倒装(partial inversion)即为只将be、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前1.There/Here/Now/Then/Thus+be+主语+地点
2、谓语动词常用e.go;或stand.lie.等表示状态的动词(表示存在)。v Therearemany different kinds of mooncakes on the table.译:在桌子上有许多各种各样的月饼。v There liveda famous thinker in Greece,named Aristotle.译:希腊有一个著名的思想Aristotle。v Therestandsome big trees near the river.译:靠近河边有许多的树。v Here comes the bus.译:车过来了v There goes the bell.译:门铃响了Sp
3、ecial eg:v Iamhere.倒装句:v Itcomeshere.倒装句:(若主语为代词,则不倒装)NO.1完全倒装(full inversion)HereIam.译:我在这儿Hereitcomes.译:它来了2.运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语为运动的动词时引起的倒装句eg:v Ahead(运动方向的副词)sat an old woman.译:一个老妇人坐在前面v West of the lake(表地点状语)lies the famous city.译:一个著名的城市坐落于河的西边v“Lets go!”said the captain.译:队长说:“我们走”3.作状语的介词短
4、语放于句首引起的倒装句eg:v In the distance could be seen the purple mountains.译:在远处,可见到紫红色的群山。v On the ground lay some air conditioners,which are to be shipped to some other cities.译:地上放着一些空调,它们会被船运到其他城市去。4.分词和不定式置于句首的倒装 eg:v 原句:Anancientvillagewasburiedinthesand.倒装句:Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
5、译:一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。v 原句:Thefollowingquestionsarecarefullytobeconsidered.倒装句:To be carefully considered are the following questions.译:下列问题要仔细考虑。5.so.that的句型结构中,so+形容词置于句首时。需要全部倒装(考点)eg:v 原句:Hewassoannoyedthateveryonestaredathim.倒装句:So annoying was he that everyone stared at him.译:他是如此令人厌恶到每个人都瞪着他。完全倒装
6、部分已经结束,下边转入部分倒装6.感叹句中的倒装e.g:v How beautiful the flower is!译:这朵花真漂亮!v What a smart boy you are!译:你真是个聪明的男孩!NO.2 部分倒装(partialinversion)1.定义:部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。2.部分倒装的句首常见词 never neither nor little.seldom(很少,不常),barely(很少,罕有),hardly.when,not
7、once(一次也不),scarcely(几乎不,简直没有),under no/in circumstances(决不),no sooner.than.(一就),in no way,not until,not only,in no way(决不),at no time,few,not,no 等(1)Not only.,but also.引导的并列句。特点:Notonly位于句首时,所引导的前面的分句倒装;后面的分句不倒装。e.g.v Not only did he come,but also he was very happy 译:他开心的来了.v Not only was everything
8、 that he had taken away from him,but also his German citizenship was taken away.译:不仅他所有的一切都被没收了,而且连他的德国公民权也被剥夺了一.根据“特殊引导词”归纳(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(考点)(2)Not until+状语从句;Hardly/Scarcely.when.句型.No sooner.than.句型;Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句:(方式状语/条件状语/地点状语/时间状语);特点:此四种结构位于句首时,所引导的主句倒装;从句不倒装。倒装句型:Not until the
9、child fell asleep didthemotherleavetheroom.译:在孩子睡着之前,妈妈是不会离开房间的。Not until+状语从句;Hardly/Scarcely.when.句型;倒装句型:Hardly had I reached home whenitbegantorain.译:在下雨前我赶到了家。No sooner.than.句型;倒装句型:No sooner had he sat down than thephonerang.译:他一坐下电话就响了 v Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelch
10、air.译:只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。v Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake.译:只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候,我们才意识到出了一个错。v Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.译:一些预订被取消了,他才得以买到了几张票注意:only在句首,强调的为主语时,则句子不必倒装。e.g.Only John can save me.译:只有约翰
11、能够救我。Only some of the children passed the examination.译:只有几个孩子通过了考试。(3)Neither.nor.所引导的并列句。特点:2N位于两分句首时,所引导的前后分句均倒装。v Neither do I know her name,nor does he.译:我不知道她的名字,他也不知道。v Neither can I speak French,nor can I write it.译:我既不会说法语,也不会写法语(4)No matter引导的状语从句。特点:NM位于句首时,从句以及主句均不倒装。v No matter how busy
12、 he is,he always comes to help us 译:不管他有多忙,他经常来帮助我们。(5)区分:so/neither/nor助动词/情态动词/be主语 与so/neither/nor 主语助动词/情态动词/be特点:若句意表明与前面说的情况类似的情况,翻译为:.也.时,此时需用倒装,即句型。若句意只是重复前面所说的情况,表同意或强调,译是的,的确时,此时不需倒装,即句型 e.g.v The boy died,and a week later,so did his friend.译:那男孩死了,一周后,他朋友也死了。She knows little English,so sh
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