[精选]全面质量管理与医院管理综述23943.pptx
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_05.gif)
《[精选]全面质量管理与医院管理综述23943.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《[精选]全面质量管理与医院管理综述23943.pptx(38页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、本资料来源1Total Quality Management&Hospital management全面质量管理与医院管理夏萍 Nancy XiaGuangdong Province Hospital of TCM2案例1n 某医院妇产科值班助产士带领护校的实习生值小夜班。22时30分,两人一起处理完两个产妇后,助产士去取夜餐。回来后,实习护士准备给婴儿配奶,并问助产士怎样配方,奶粉和水的比例怎样掌握?答:“一般配就行了”。给婴儿喂奶完后,即给上午出生的3名婴儿配葡萄糖水。n 实习护士从壁橱最底层的3 瓶粉剂中顺手拿出其中已用过的一瓶问助产士:“这是不是葡萄糖?”她连头也未抬,信口答复:“是!
2、”实习护士便配成“糖水”喂了3 名婴儿。次日凌晨1 时30 分,第一例婴儿出现呼吸衰竭,抢救50 分钟后无效,于2 时20 分死亡。医务人员进行讨论,认为婴儿死得突然,诊断不清,以致抢救难以奏效。4 时40 分,第2 例婴儿出现面部紫绀,呼吸困难;5 分钟后第3 例女婴也出现相同症状。立即请来儿科主治医师会诊,考虑是亚硝酸钠中毒,虽经积极抢救,终因中毒较重,两名女婴相继死亡。3案例1 分析n 事后查实,此3 瓶粉剂是已存放十几年的亚硝酸钠盐。由于本科老师人实习学生不需配亚硝酸钠溶液,因而未向实习护士说明此3 瓶粉剂是剧毒药,不能随便动用,同时也未加锁。n 上述案例3 名婴儿死于硝酸钠中毒。此药
3、为剧毒药品,本应由专人妥善保管,上锁存放,但竟然在新生儿配奶用的壁橱内存放此剧毒药达几十年,虽曾有数人发现,均未引起重视,足见管理上的严重失职。特别是作为带教老师的助产士,面对实习护士,明知橱内有剧毒药,本应认真负责,谨慎从事,放手不放眼,而她却不亲自查对,顺口便答“是”。以致造成3 名婴儿死亡,完全丧失了一个医务人员应有责任感,是一种失职犯罪行为。助产士是本案的主要责任者,本例定为一级医疗责任事故。4案例2n 患者女性,24 岁,因腰痛1 年,逐渐加重住院。检查:体温37 度,发育营养中等,第9、10 腰椎明显凸,拾物实验(+)。脊柱X 线片第9、10 腰椎骨破坏、死骨形成,第9-11 腰椎
4、有椎旁脓肿。诊断为第9、10 腰椎结核。某大医院骨科医师甲以个人名义被邀作主刀医师,在全麻下经胸做病灶清除加植骨手术。术中清病灶时,刮出一黄豆粒大小的白色物,助手和本院医师乙疑为脊髓,再叫甲看。但甲没有认真视物就说是“脓苔”(后经病理证实是脊髓组织)。术后患者呈弛缓性截瘫。经当地治疗和护理后,转入甲所在医院。截瘫平面不见下降,自主膀胱形成,但因善后处理了纠纷,住院2年或始出院回当地休养。5案例2 分析n 此案例明显属于术者操作过失,以致刮伤脊髓。据材料称,术者是一名有相当教学和临床经验的高年资骨科医师,当助手对刮出物提出疑问时,不予重视,也不认真查看刮出组织的外观,固执己见仍继续手术,使患者永
5、久性截瘫,造成终身残废。本例定为二级医疗责任事故。6案例3n 患者男性,52 岁,患胆囊炎、胆结石住院。在连续硬膜外麻醉下行胆囊切除及胆总管取石术后。术者甲(进修医师)、第一助手(带教医师)、第二助手(实习生)、器械护士(丙)、巡回护士(丁)。缝合腹膜前,医师乙三次嘱咐护士清点纱布,丙、丁两护士均报告术者纱布数无误,可以关腹。手术结束后,把病员安全送回病房。数日后患者腹痛、呕吐,于术后第13 日晚因粘连性肠梗阻再次手术探查,开腹后反县腹腔留有一条纱布,取出后清洗腹腔关腹。术后患者恢复较好,住院2 个月,痊愈出院。7案例3 分析n 本案例关腹前医师乙三次催促丙、丁护士清点物品,但由于二人工作态度
6、不认真,很不负责任地报告“纱布无误”,使纱布遗留在腹腔中,致肠梗阻发生及病员二次手术之苦。丙、丁二人属失职行为,为本例事故的主要责任者,定为三级医疗责任事故。8Overview 介绍 Total Quality Management is a management approach that originated in the 1950s and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980s.n Total Quality Management,TQM,is a method by which management and emp
7、loyees can become involved in the continuous improvement of the production of goods and services.It is a combination of quality and management tools aimed at increasing business and reducing losses due to wasteful practices.9n The TQM philosophy of management is customer-oriented.All members of a to
8、tal quality management(control)organization strive to systematically manage the improvement of the organization through the ongoing participation of all employees in problem solving efforts across functional and hierarchical boundaries.10n Some of the companies who have implemented TQM include Ford
9、Motor Company,Phillips Semiconductor,SGL Carbon,Motorola and Toyota Motor Company.11Definition of TQM 全面质量管理n TQM is a management philosophy that seeks to integrate all organizational functions(marketing,finance,design,engineering,and production,customer service,etc.)to focus on meeting customer nee
10、ds and organizational objectives.12n TQM views an organization as a collection of processes.It maintains that organizations must strive to continuously improve these processes by incorporating the knowledge and experiences of workers.n The simple objective of TQM is Do the right things,right the fir
11、st time,every time.13n TQM is infinitely variable and adaptable.Although originally applied to manufacturing operations,and for a number of years only used in that area,TQM is now becoming recognized as a generic management tool,just as applicable in service and public sector organizations.TQM must
12、be practiced in all activities,by all personnel,in Manufacturing,Marketing,Engineering,R&D,Sales,Purchasing,HR,etc14Principles of TQMThe key principles of TQM are as following:Management Commitment n Plan(drive,direct)n Do(deploy,support,participate)n Check(review)n Act(recognize,communicate,revise)
13、15Employee EmpowermentnTraining nSuggestion scheme nMeasurement and recognition nExcellence teams16Fact Based Decision Makingn SPC(statistical process control)12n DOE 13,FMEA 14n The 7 statistical tools n TOPS(FORD 8D-Team Oriented Problem Solving)17Continuous Improvementn Systematic measurement and
14、 focus on CONQ n Excellence teams n Cross-functional process management n Attain,maintain,improve standards18Customer Focusn Supplier partnership n Service relationship with internal customers n Never compromise quality n Customer driven standards19SPC-Statistical Process Control 统计过程控制n Statistical
15、 process control is the application of statistical methods to identify and control the special cause of variation in a process.920DOE-Design of Experiments试验设计 n A Design of Experiment(DOE)is a structured,organized method for determining the relationship between factors(Xs)affecting a process and th
16、e output of that process(Y).n Other Definitions:1-Conducting and analyzing controlled tests to evaluate the factors that control the value of a parameter or group of parameters.n 2-Design of Experiments(DoE)refers to experimental methods used to quantify indeterminate measurements of factors and int
17、eractions between factors statistically through observance of forced changes made methodically as directed by mathematically systematic tables.21FMEA-Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 失效模式和效果分析A procedure and tools that help to identify every possible failure mode of a process or product,to determi
18、ne its effect on other sub-items and on the required function of the product or process.The FMEA is also used to rank&prioritize the possible causes of failures as well as develop and implement preventative actions,with responsible persons assigned to carry out these actions.Failure modes and effect
19、s analysis(FMEA)is a disciplined approach used to identify possible failures of a product or service and then determine the frequency and impact of the failure.922The Concept of Continuous Improvement by TQM 持续质量改进n TQM is mainly concerned with continuous improvement in all work,from high level stra
20、tegic planning and decision-making,to detailed execution of work elements on the shop floor.It stems from the belief that mistakes can be avoided and defects can be prevented.It leads to continuously improving results,in all aspects of work,as a result of continuously improving capabilities,people,p
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 精选 全面质量管理 医院 管理 综述 23943
![提示](https://www.taowenge.com/images/bang_tan.gif)
限制150内