2023年语法专题十三动词与动词短语.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 第十三讲 动词和动词短语 一 真题自测 【2013 福建】24.Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students.A.enjoys B.involves C.practices D.Suggests 【2013 福建】28.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.A.turn down B.turn out C.break down D.br

2、eak out 【2013 湖北】23.While intelligent people can often _ the complex,a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.A.sacrifice B.substitute C.simplify D.survive【2013 湖北】24.According to the law,all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.A.associate B.dispute C.negotia

3、te D.register【2013 湖北】25.Butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers,which bees and other insects collect.A.carry on B.feed on C.put on D.focus on【2013 湖北】26.In much of the animal world,night is the time _ for sleeppure and simple.A.set aside B.set down C.set off D.set up【2013 江苏】23.The town is

4、 so beautiful!I just love it.Me too.The character of the town is well .A.qualified B.preserved C.decorated D.simplified【2013 江苏】29.Team leaders must ensure that all members their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.A.get over B.look over C.take over D.come over

5、【2013 江西】27.Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly.A.find out B.wash out C.wear out D.set out【2013 江西】31.She _ the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched.学习必备 欢迎下载 二考点讲义 一、动词 英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。实义动词又称行为动词，

6、为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。In some parts of London,missing a bus means waiting for another hour.Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time,didnt he?In order to make our city green,we must plant more trees.二、动词短语 英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。Mr Reed made up

7、his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.In order to catch up with the advanced countries,we must keep learning.动词在句中作谓语或谓语的一部分时，其形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。高考对动词和动词词组的考查主要在以下几个方面。1对不及物动词的考查 不及物动词本身意思完整，不需要跟宾语，也没有被动语态。You are supposed to arrive on time.We went to Canada to t

8、ravel and my cousin acted as our guide.2对及物动词的考查 及物动词本身意思不完整，后面需要接宾语。In our childhood,we were often reminded by parents to pay parents to study hard.Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday.Have you got it?Oh,really!I havent checked my mailbox yet.3对连系动词的考查 连系动词虽有一定的词义，但不完全，不能独立充当谓语，必须和作表语的

9、词(名词、形容词等)连用。Although he has taken a lot of medicine,his health remains poor.Cotton feels soft while stone feels hard.4动词副词 词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Sha

10、nghai.When you turn on the TV set,clear pictures will immediately appear on the screen.注意：在“动词副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。You can take the magazine out of the reading room.5动词介词 动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语置于介词后面。That fashion which differs from country to co

11、untry may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.If you run into any problems when you arrive at the airport,give me a ring.6动词副词介词 这类动词短语在词义上相当于一个及物动词，其宾语置于介词之后。We must work hard to make up for lost time.You are walking too fast.I cant keep up with you.7动词名词 这类动词短语中的常见动词是 have，take，give，m

12、ake 等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义。He caught sight of an old friend when he was shopping.Take hold of the rope and you will climb up.8动词名词介词 这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后。Keep an eye on the baby while I am out.What the teacher says has great effect on the pupils.9be 形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)介词 这

13、类动词短语也相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词的词义是短语动词的真正词义。I told him what I was surprised at was his attitude towards his study.It is good for elderly people to be involved in community service actively.词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 三考点强化 【2013

14、辽宁】32.Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.A.get away B.take over C.set off D.run out【2013 陕西】25.My uncle hasn t been able to quit smoking,but at least he has .A.cut out B.cut down C.cut up D.cut off【2013 天津】2.If you are in trouble,Mike is always willing to a hand.A.lend B.shake C.

15、wave D.want【2013 天津】8.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn t able to A.get away B.drop in C.check out D.hold on【2013 新课标 II 卷】2.Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A.come along B.come off C.come across D.come through【2013 新课标 II 卷】8.The watch was very good,and he 20 percent d

16、own for it.A.paid B.cost C.bought D.spent【2013 新课标 I 卷】23.Try not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to your lungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help【2013 新课标 I 卷】30.At the last moment,Tom decided to a new character to make the story seem more likely.A.put up B.put in C.put on D.put o

17、ff【2013 浙江】9.When the group discussion is nearing its end,make sure to _it with important points.A.conclude B.lead C.avoid D.hold【2013 浙江】12.A good listener takes part in the conversation,_ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A.realizing B.copying C.offering D.misunderstanding【2013 浙

18、江】17.Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A.pack up B.build up C.bring up D.take up 【2013 安徽】26.Traditionally,college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey.A.give up B

19、.settle down C.get through D.set off 词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 四句子翻译 1.这篇新闻报道是完全根据实际情况写的。(baseon)2.父母去世后，他由他的姐姐抚养长大。(bring up)3.咱们应该怎样处理这些废报纸？(do with)4.如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。(permit)5.当我到达的时候，我发现门被关上了。(find+宾语+补语)6.没人能对他的旷课做出

20、解释。(account for)7.我决定还是求稳不要冒险。(take a chance；rather than)五完成句子 11.The fresh air in the countryside _(已经改善了)to her health.(difference)12.Whenever Im i n trouble,he always _(帮助我).(hand)13._(沉迷于玩电脑游戏),he is often late for class.(addict)14.She likes speaking ill of me.I have _(受够了)her.(feed)15.The Entra

21、nce Examination to college _(即将到来).Many students are trying to prepare for it.(corner)16.The thief was caught and _(移交给警察).(hand)17.He always helps others and is _(与相处得好)his colleagues.(term)18._(据报道)over 30 people were killed in the big fire.(report)19.At present,youd better _(不考虑)these unpleasant

22、matters.(leave)词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 20.It took me a long time _(理解)what you were saying.(take)六单词拼写 1.The milkman leaves us a big b_(瓶)of milk.2.They p_(答应)that the roof should be repaired within two days.3.Anybody can

23、 see the i_(重要性)of good health.4.You cant p_ _(可能地)run a mile in two minutes.5.The gold ring is kept in a s_(秘密的)hiding place,known only to her husband.6.There was only a large apple h_(收成)this year.7.You can get a doctor here to o_(做手术)on her.8.Have you been taking much m_(药).9.There are many words

24、 that have more than one p_(发音).10.The job demands someone with a college e_(教育).七词汇回顾 重点单词 1.bet n.赌；打赌 2.scene n.（戏剧）一场；现场 3.permit vt.&vi.许可；允许 n.通行证；执照 4.stare vi.凝视；盯着看 5.account n.说明；理由；计算，账目 6.appearance n.出现；外貌 7.patience n.耐性；忍耐 8.silly adj.愚蠢的；无聊的 9.jealous adj.妒忌的；猜疑的 10.unbelievable adj.

25、难以置信的 11.rude 12.manner 13.scream 14.indeed 15.decade 16.humor 17.character 18.director 重点短语 19.make a bet 打赌 20.go ahead 前进；往下说 21.by accident 偶然；不小心 词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 22.account for 说明；导致；做出解释 23.to be honest 说实话

26、24.shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 25.in rags 衣衫褴褛 26.even if 27.permit/allow sb.to do sth.28.care about 29.get into trouble 30.as a matter of face 31.as for 32.give attention to 33.honor sb.for sth.八阅 读 James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves.His family moved to Clev

27、eland when he was 9.There,a school teacher asked the youth his name.J.C.,he replied.She thought he had said Jesse,and he had a new name.Owens ran his first race at age 13.After high school,he went to Ohio State University.He had to work part time so as to pay for his education.As a second year stude

28、nt,in the Big Ten games in 1935,he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.A week before the Big Ten meet,Owens accidentally fell down a flight of stairs.His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week,and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove h

29、im to the meet.He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try,event by event.He did try,and the results are in the record book.The stage was set for Owens victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year,and his success would come to be regarded as not only athleti

30、c but also political.Hitler did not congratulate any of the AfricanAmerican winners.It was all right with me,he said years later.I didnt go to Berlin to shake hands with him,anyway.Having returned from Berlin,he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country,either.In fact,he was

31、not honored by the United States until 1976,four years before his death.词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须学习必备 欢迎下载 Owens Olympic victories made little difference to him.He earned his living by looking after a school playground,and accepted

32、money to race against cars,trucks,motorcycles and dogs.Sure,it bothered me,he said later.But at least it was an honest living.I had to eat.In time,however,his gold medals changed his life.They have kept me alive over the years,he once said.Time has stood still for me.That golden moment dies hard.67.

33、Owens got his other name Jesse when.A.he went to Ohio State University B.his teacher made fun of him C.his teacher took J.C.for Jesse D.he won gold medals in the Big Ten meet 68.In the Big Ten meet，Owens.A.hurt himself in the back B.succeeded in setting many records C.tried every sports event but fa

34、iled D.had to give up some events 69.We can infer from the text that Owens was treated unfairly in the US at that time because.A.he was not of the right race B.he was the son of a poor farmer C.he didnt shake hands with Hitler D.he didnt talk to the US president on the phone 70.When Owens says They

35、have kept me alive over the years,he means that the medals.A.have been changed for money to help him live on B.have made him famous in the US C.have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in life D.have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs 71.What would be the best title for the text?A.Jesse Owens,A Great American Athlete B.Golden Moment A Lifetime Struggle C.Making A Living As A Sportsman D.How To Be A Successful Athlete 词又称行为动词为表示动作或状态的动词可以单独充当句子的谓语实义形式要随主语的人称和数的变化而变化高考对动词和动词词组的考查主系动词的考查连系动词虽有一定的词义但不完全不能独立充当谓语必须