2023年初中英语介词语法知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳精华.pdf

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1、1 初中英语介词语法知识点总结精华(名师总结语法知识点，值得下载打印背诵)介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。由介词与名词、代词、动名词等构成的介词短语可以作句子的成分，通常作表语、定语、状语等。2 一、at+具体时刻：at 3：00 on+具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）in+年、月、季节及一天中的某部分注意：at this/that time at Christmas eg.1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3._ a rainy evening 4._3:50 5._ 2002

2、 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 另外注意：在时间词（morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday）前有 last,next,this,that时，不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。3 注：in two days（两天之后）;in five weeks（五周之后）。它们所在的句子通常用_（时态）eg.I will go to Africa _.A.two days ago B.for three years C.in a week D.after three months 二、in,o

3、n,at 表地点：at 一般指小地方；in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on 往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：eg.1)He arrived _ Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _ a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.三、in,on,to表方位in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2

4、)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.3)Japan is to the east of China.eg.1)China is _ the west of America.2)Russia lies _ the north of China 3)California is _ the southwest of the USA.4 四、across:（表面）跨过Be careful when youre walking across the street.你过马路时要当心。through:（内部）穿过，贯穿介词It is difficult for us to go

5、through the thick forest.我们很难穿过茂密的森林。eg.1)Can you swim _ the river?2)The road runs _ the forest.五、in+时间段：与将来时连用after+时间段：与过去时连用但 after+时间点：可与将来时连用。1)I ll leave _ three o clock.That is,I ll leave _ about ten minut2)They left _ two weeks.六、in the tree(外加在树上的事物)on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)七、in the wall(镶

6、嵌在墙内部的事物)on the wall(墙表面的事物)1)There is a map _ the wall 2)There are four windows _ the wall.八、by bike/bus/car/ship(单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。eg.by bike=on a(the;his)bike by car=in a(the;her)car 5 九、on:在（表面）上 接触over:在的正上方above:在的斜上方未接触1)The moon rose _ the hill.2)There is a bridge _ the riv

7、er.3)There is a book _ the desk.十、between:在（两者）之间among:在（三者以上）之间1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach._ them were his parents.2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.十一、on 与 about:关于on 用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等about 用于非正式的谈话或随便提及eg.He gave a talk _ the history of the Party 十二、in front of:在前面/方（范围外）=

8、before in/at the front of:在 前部（范围内）1)There is a big tree _ of the classroom.2)A driver drives _ of the bus.类似区别：at the back of 与 behind 十三、with 和 in:表示“用“with:指“用工具、手、口等”6 in:指“用语言、话语、声音等”1)Please write the letter _ a pen.2)Please speak _ a loud voice.十四、on a farm;in a factory;the girl in the hat;le

9、ave for:动身前往某地十五、一些固定搭配：（1）介词与动词的搭配listen to,laugh at,get to,look for;wait for,hear from,turn on,turn off,worry about,think of,look after,spend on ,等。（2）介词与名词的搭配on time,in time,by bus,on foot,with pleasure,on one s way to,in trouble,at breakfast,at the end of,in the end 等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配be late for,be afraid of,be good at,be interested in,be angry with,be full of,be sorry for 等。课堂实战训练一、单项选择()1.There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon.A.at B.in C.on D.to()2.This programme was sent to the USA _ China _ satellite.A.in;of B.of;in C.from;by D.by;from