2023年初二年级英语知识梳理中.pdf

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1、学习文档 仅供参考 初二年级中【知识梳理】I.重点短语 1.give a concert 2.fall down 3.go on 4.at the end of 5.go back 6.in ahurry 7.write down e out 9.all the year round 10.later on 11.at times 12.ring sb.up 13.Happy New Year!14.have a party 15.hold on 16.hear from 17.be ready 18.at the moment 19.take out 20.the same as 21.tu

2、rn over 22.get-together 23.put on 24.take a seat 25.wait for 26.get lost 27.just then 28.first of all 29.go wrong 30.make a noise 31.get on 32.get off 33.stand in line 34.at the head of 35.laugh at 36.throw about 37.in fact 38.at midnight 39.enjoy oneself 40.have a headache 41.have a cough 42.fall a

3、sleep 43.again and again 44.look over 学习文档 仅供参考 45.take exercise II.重要句型 1.be good for sth.2.I think 3.I hope 4.I love 5.I dont like 6.Im sure 7.forget to do sth.8.take a message for sb.9.give sb.the message 10.help yourself to sth.11.be famous for sth.12.on ones way to 13.make ones way to 14.quarre

4、l with sb.15.agree with sb.16.stop sb.from doing sth.III.交际用语 1.Whats the weather like today?2.Its cold,but quite suuny.3.How cold it is today!4.Yes,but itll be warmer later on.5.Shall we make a snowman?6.Ok.Come on!7.Happy New Year!8.May I speak to Ann,please?？9.Hold on,please.10.Thanks a lot for i

5、nviting me to your party.11.Ok.But Im afraid I may be a little late.12.Can I take a message for you?13.Thats OK.It doesnt matter.14.Im very sorry,but I cant come.15hing serious.44.Have/get a pain in 45.No problem.46.Take this medicine three times a day.IV.重要语法 1.一般过去时；2.反意疑问句的用法；3.一般将来时；4.感慨句；5.简单句的

6、五种基本句型；6.情态动词 can,may 和 must,have to 的用法；7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句。【名师讲解】1.above/over/on 学习文档 仅供参考 这三个介词都表示“在之上”，但含义不同。on 指在某物的外表上，和某物接触；above 指在某物的上方，不和某物接触，但也不一定在某物的正上方；over 指在某物的正上方，不和某物接触。试比较：There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。I raise my right hand above my head.我把右手高举过头。There is a stone bridge over the

7、river.河面上有座石桥。2.forget to do sth./forget doing sth.forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”，实际上还没做；forget doing sth,意思是“忘记做过某事”，实际上已经做过了。试比较：I forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。I forgot telling him the news.我已经把这条消息告诉他了，我却忘了。类似的词还有：remember,regret 等。3.hope/wish hope 和 wish 在汉语中都有“希望”的意思，但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下：

8、(1)wish 可以用来表示不可实现的愿望；hope 只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如：I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。I hope youll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。I wish the weather wasnt so cold.但愿天气不这麽冷。I hope he will come,too.我希望他也能来。(2)wish 可以接 sb.to do sth.的结构，而 hope 不可以。例如：Do you wish me to come back later?你是否希望我再来？4.be sure to d

9、o sth./be sure of/about sb.or sth.(1)be sure to do sth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求，意思是“务必”，也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：Be sure to lock the door when you leave.你离开时务必把门锁好。Its a good film.You are sure to enjoy it.这是一部好电影，你肯定会喜欢的。(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth.可用来表示“某人对某事有把握”。例如：Im sure of his success.我相信他会成功。

10、I think it was three years ago,but Im not sure about it.我想那是三年前的事情，但我没有把握。5.hear from/hear of hear 意思是“听到”，从哪里听到要用 from 来表示。例如：Ive heard from Xiao Wu that well start out military training tomo rrow.我听小吴说，我们明天开始军训。Listen to the tape and write out what you hear from Han Mei.听录音，并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。hear fro

11、m 还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信”=receive a letter from sb.。例如：I heard from my pen friend in the U.S.A.last month.上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。I heard from her last week.我上周接到了她的来信。hear of 和和 hear from 含义不同。hear of 意思是“听说”，“得知”某事或某人的存在，常用在疑问句和否认句里。例如：Who is he?Ive never heard of him.他是谁？我从来没有听说过他。I never heard of such a thing!这

12、样的事我从来没有听说过。6.Its a pleasure./With pleasure.Its a pleasure 这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语，意思是“那是我乐意做的”。例如：-Thank you for helping me.谢谢你地帮助。-Its a pleasure.那是我乐意做的。-Thanks a lot.Bye.非常感谢。再见。学习文档 仅供参考-Its a pleasure.那是我乐意做的。再见。类似的话还有“Not at all.”“You are welcome.”“Thats all right.”With pleasure 也用作客气的答语，主要用在别人要你做

13、某事，而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如：-Will you please pass me the newspaper,please?请你把报纸递给我好吗？-With pleasure.当然可以。7.seem/look(1)二者都可以作“看起来”讲，但 seem 暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实；look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(to be)+形容词和 as if 从句。如：He seems/looks(to be)very happy today.他今天看起来很高兴。It looks(seems)as if it it is going to rain.好似要

14、下雨了。(2)但以下情况中只用 seem 不用 look：1)后跟不定式 to do 时。如：He seems to know the answer.他似乎知道答案。2)在 It seems that.结构中。如：It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。8.be ready to do/be ready for/get ready to do/get ready for(1)be ready to do 和 be ready for 表示“已作好的准备”，强调状态(2)get ready to do 和 get read

15、y for 表示“为做准备”，强调行为。如：Im ready to do anything you want me to do.我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。Im ready for any questions you may ask.我愿意/随时准备答复你可能问的问题。Hes getting ready to leave for Tokyo.他正准备动身去东京。Lets get ready for the hard moment.我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。(3)be ready to do 通常可理解“乐于做某事”，即思想上总是有做某事的准备。be not ready to do

16、 表示“不轻易做某事”。如：Hes usually not ready to listen to others.他通常不轻易听从别人。9.at table/at the table at table 在吃饭，at the table 在桌子旁边。例如：The Greens are at table.格林一家人在吃饭。Mr.Black is sitting at the table and reading a book.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。10.reach,arrive/get to 三者都有到达之意。reach 是及物动词，后直接加名词，get 和 arrive 是不及物动词，不能直接加名

17、词，须借助于介词。get to 后加名词地点，假设跟副词地点时，to 去掉；arrive at+小地方，arrive in+大地方。如：Lucy got to the zoo before 8 oclock.露西 8 点前到了动物园。When did your parents arrive in Shanghai?你父母何时到上海的？It was late when I got home.我到家时天色已晚。11.sick/ill 二者都是形容词。当“生病的，患病“之意时，ill 只作表语，不作定语；而 sick 既可作表语也可作定语。sick有呕吐，恶心的意思，只能作表语，而 ill 无此意。

18、如：Li Lei was ill last week.(只作表语)李磊上周生病了。Hes a sick man.作定语他是病人。不能说成：Hes an ill man.My grandfather was sick for a month last year.作表语我祖父去年病了一个 月。12.in time/on time in time 是及时的意思，on time 是准时，按时。如：I didnt get to the bus stop in time.我没有及时赶上汽车。学习文档 仅供参考 Well finish our job on time.我们要按时完成任务。13.may be/

19、maybe It may be in your inside pocket.=Maybe it is in your inside pocket.也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中 may be是情态动词+be 动词构成的谓语部分，意思是也许是，可能是；第二句中的 maybe 是副词，意思是可能，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相当于另一副词 perhaps。再如：Maybe you put it in that bag.也许你放在了那只包里。不能说 You maybe put it in that bag.It may be a hat.那可能是顶帽子。不能说 It maybe a hat.或 It

20、maybe is a hat.14.noise/voice/sound noise 指嘈杂声，噪音大的吵杂声。voice 是指说话的声音，嗓音，嗓子。sound 是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如：Dont make so much noise!别那么大声喧哗！I didnt recognize Johns voice on the telephone.在 里我听不出约翰的声音。He spoke in a low voice.他低声说话。We heard a strange sound.我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。Sound travels

21、 fast,but light travels faster.声音传得快，但是光传得更快。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1.一般过去时；2.反意疑问句的用法；3.一般将来时；4.感慨句；5.简单句的五种基本句型；6.情态动词 can,may 和 must,have to 的用法；7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句；8.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；9.本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】1.(2004 年长沙市中考试题)-Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?-I thin

22、k well go if we _ too much homework.A.will have B.had C.wont have D.dont have 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。2.(2004 年佛山市中考试题)You have been to Tibet,_?I was told that the snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.A.have you B.havent you C.dont you 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的

23、前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就应该是否认的疑问部分，而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。3.(2004 年扬州市中考试题)-Jacky,look at that Japanese sumoist(相扑手).-Wow,_!A.How a fat man B.What a fat man C.How fat man D.What fat man【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是感慨句的构成。这个感慨句省略了主谓部分，只保留了感慨部分。如果以What 开头，就应该是 What a fat man!如果是 How 开头，就应该是 How fat!4.(2004 年福建省泉州市中考试题)学习文档 仅供参考 -T

24、hanks for your help.-_ A.It doesnt matter B.Dont thank me C.Youre welcome D.Thats right 【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是日常交际用语。答复别人的道谢通常用“Thats all right.”或”Youre welcome.”【总分值演练】一.选择填空 1.Dont forget _your book here tomorrow.A.to take B.to bring C.taking D.bringing 2.Mrs Brown went to the cinema,_she?A.didnt B.doesn

25、t C.wasnt D.isnt 3.It was half past four.Everything _ready.A.is B.was C.are D.were 4.-Happy New Year!-_.A.The same to you B.Im glad to hear that C.Im very happy D.Thank you.Its very kind of you.5.I got up late yesterday.There _no time to have breakfast.A.has B.had C.was D.is 6.Thank you for _me to y

26、our party.A.invite B.inviting C.to invite D.invited 7.-Im sorry I took your pen by mistake yesterday.-_.A.All right B.Thats right C.Right D.Thats all right 8.-Thank you for showing me the way!-_.A.The same to you B.It doesnt matter C.Its a pleasure D.Thats right 9.-Could I use your computer for a mo

27、ment?-_.A.Sure B.Really C.Right D.It doesnt matter 10.-I just lost my bike.-_.A.I wish you to buy a new one B.Youd better buy a new one C.Im sorry to hear that D.Its always nice to ride a new one 二.选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语 1.Whats the matter with your mother?A.problem B.question C.message D.wrong 2.-Thank

28、you very much.-Its a pleasure.A.Im ve ry glad.B.Thats right.C.It doesnt matter D.Not at all 3.What is he doing at the moment?A.now B.a moment ago C.late D later on 4.Did you have a good time at the party?A.stay long B.sing and dance C.enjoy yourself D.eat enough 学习文档 仅供参考 5.-May I speak to John,plea

29、se?-Certainly.A.Sure.B.I think so.C.Id love to D.Thats all right.6.-Could I speak to Jim,please?-Sorrye let me look at your photo.A.give me B.pass me C.bring me D.show me 10.Please ask him to ring me up when he comes back.A.see B.help C.call D.thank 三.完形填空 When I _1_ in London last year,it had one o

30、f the thickest fogs(雾)in years.You could _2_ see your hand in _3_ of your face.When evening fell,it became even _4_.All traffic _5_ to a stop.I decided to walk.A few minutes _6_,I couldnt find my_7_.Then I saw a young man and asked him to help me.He agreed.As I was following him _8_ the streets,he t

31、old me,“I know this part of London quite well.And the thick fog _9_ to me.You see,Im _10_.”1.A.is B.was C.am D.are 2.A.easily B.hard C.hardly D.even 3.A.front B.the front C.back D.the back 4.A.bad B.worse C.good D.better 5.A.began B.started C.went D came 6.A.late B.later C.early D.earlier 7.A.road B

32、.way C.street D.home 8.A.along B.in C.through D.by 9.A.is not good B.does good C.is nothing D.has something 10.A.strong B.week C.blind D.clever 四.阅读理解 (A)John was a very famous pianist.When he was a small boy,he once played at a party at the home of a rich man.He was only eight years old.But he had

33、played for several years.At the party he played a famous piece by Beethoven(贝多芬).He played wonderfully.The famous piece has in it several very long rests.In each of these rests he took his hands from the piano and waited.To him this was very exciting.But it seemed that the mother of the rich man tho

34、ught differently.Finally during one of these rests she came over to him.She touched him on the head with a smile and said,“My boy,why dont you play us what you know well?”根据短文内容判断正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。1.John once played the piano at a party when he was only a little boy.2.John began to play the piano a

35、t the age of eight.3.In each of the rests John took his hands from the piano because he felt tired.4.The rich mans mother did not thi nk John played the piece well.5.I n fact the mother of the rich man knew the piece well.转(B)One day,we had an English class.The teacher saw a boy reading a picture bo

36、ok and said,“Tom,what do you usually do after lunch?”Tom nervously(紧张地)got up from his seat,but he did not know what to answer.He thought for some time and then said,“Wait for supper.”The teacher was displeased and just at that moment,he saw another boy asleep.The teacher was getting a little angry

37、now,but he was trying not to show it.Then he asked,“And you,Joke?”学习文档 仅供参考 As Joke was asleep,of course,he could not hear what the teacher had said.His deskmate(同桌)woke him up.Joke stood up quickly and answered in a loud voic e,“So do I”.1.This story happened_.A.in the teachers office B.after lunch

38、 C.in class D.a home 2.Toms answer made the teacher _.A.angry B.displeased C.surprising D.laughing 3.The teacher asked Joke _.A.what he wanted to do after class B.what he did in class C.the same question as he asked Tom D.to help Tom 4.Jokes answer meant that_.A.he knew what to do and what not to do

39、 after lunch B.he did the same thing as Tom did C.he read a picture-book D.he did many things after lunch 5.From the above story we can see that _.A.Joke did not know what question the teacher had asked B.Tom did well in his lessons C.Joke was good at his lessons D.Tom and Joke worked hard at their

40、lessons (C)Mrs Black,the wife of a rich business man,invited some of her friends to have lunch.She wanted to try a new way of cooking a fish,and she was very pleased with herself when the dish was ready.As the dish was very hot,she put it near the open window to cool for a few minutes.But,five minut

41、es later,when she came back for it,she was shocked(震惊)to find the neighbours cat at the dish.She was in time to stop the car.That afternoon was successful and everyone enjoyed the dish very much.They talked and laughed till four oclock.At the end of the afternoon,when she was alone again,Mrs Black f

42、elt tired and happy.She was in a chair just near the window.She looked out of the window and shocked to see the neighbours cat dead in her garden.Why,the fish dish must be bad!What would happen to her friends?She at once telephoned the family doctor for advice.The doctor told her to telephone each o

43、f the visitors to meet him at the hospital as soon as he could.Finally the danger was over.Once again Mrs Black was alone in her chair in the sitting-room,still tired but no longer happy.Just then the telephone rang.It was her neighbour.“Oh,Mrs Black,”her neighbour cried,“My cat is dead.She was kill

44、ed by someone in a car and put it in your garden.”1.Mrs Black invited _to lunch.A.Mr Blacks friends B.her neighbour C.her parents D.some of her friends 2.Why was Mrs Black not happy after she had a good party?A.She was sad about the dead cat.B.She found her fish dish was bad.C.She never thought that

45、 she would have so much trouble.D.She felt tired after she had a busy day.学习文档 仅供参考 3.Mrs Black_.A.stopped the cat before it began to eat the fish B.was too late to stop the cat in time C.stopped the cat before it ate the fish up D.stopped the cat but it was too late 4.Why was Mrs Black so shocked t

46、o see the cat dead in her garden?A.She liked the cat very much.B.She worried about her friends.C.She was sure that her fish was bad.D.She didnt know how the cat died.5.Finally_.A.Mrs Black found that all her friends were all right B.a visitor told her that the cat was killed by someone in a car C.Mr

47、s Black felt happy as all her friends were safe D.Mrs Black met all her friends at the hospital 五.根据汉语句子的意思完成以下英语句子 1.收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。The radio says the rain_ _ _ _today.2.我不喜欢冬天，因为天气太冷了。I dont like winter,_its _ _.3.西安位于中国的西北部。Xian is _the _of China.4.多好吃的面包啊！_ _ bread it is!5.明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。The te

48、mperature will _ _ _ in the daytime tomorrow.六.句型转换，使第二个句子和第一个句子的意思相近或相同 1.What a hot day today!_ _ it is today!2.Most of North and South China will have a cold wet day._ will be cold and wet _ most of North and South China.3.The radio says it will be cloudy sometimes.The radio says it will be cloud

49、y _ _.4.The snow will be heavy in some places.It _ _ _ in some places.5.Shall we go out for a walk?_ _ going out for a walk?学习文档 仅供参考 初二年级中【练习答案】一.1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.B 二.1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.B 三.(A)1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B (B)1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A (C)1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D 四.1.to say sorry to you 2.he asked me to do 3.walking in the garden 4.a good memory 5.invented the robot 6.it difficult to remember these words 7.eating meat 8.all the time 9.was born in 10.Good luck