2023年江苏牛津模五第二单元超详细导学案welcome-word学生用.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 Unit2The environment（2012 译林牛津必修 5）学生用 一.知识梳理 1 1.First I am talking to you about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.P22 l10 waste 名词(不可数)、形容词、动词 1)认为它是一张废纸,他们可能把它扔掉了.They probably threw it away,2)同她争论是浪费时间.3)浪费时间来讨论这件事是如何发生是没有用的.how it happened.4)我多么后悔浪费了这么多时间玩电

2、脑游戏.How I regretted way 后面接定语从句有三种形式：（1）way+in which+定语从句 She was pleased with the way in which he had treated his students.(2)way+that+定语从句 They didnt do it in the waythat we do now.(3)way+定语从句 He didnt speak the way I do.The way _/_/_ he explained to us was quite simple.The way _/_/_ he explained

3、the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle,p22 l23 a large amount of=large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,在句中时，由 amount(s)来决定动词的单复数。amount n.总数，数量(常与不可数名词连用。)关于“许多”的用法见下表：+Cn.+Un.+Cn./Un.many,a great/good many,a large/great number of numbers

4、of much,a great deal of,a large amount of,large amounts of plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a large quantity of,large quantities of,a mass of,masses of Eg.A large amount of money is needed badly.人们急需大量的金钱。Large amounts of time are spent going over the lessons for the final exams.为了期末考试，花大量的时间来温习功课。复习几个“大量

5、的”相关词组：a great deal of+_;a large quantity of/large quantities of+_ 3.These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.P22 l15 a large number of=large numbers of 修饰可数名词复数 the number of+名词复数 表示的数量/数目，后面的谓语动词用单数 1)A number of students (admit)to our school this term.2)The num

6、ber of the students admitted to our school (increase)year by year.躺，位于 lie-lay-lain-lying 说谎 lie-lied-lied-lying 放置，下蛋，产卵 lay-laid-laid-laying The little boy to his mother he saw the white hen two egg and he them on the table,but in fact,it usually one egg every day.4.result in(L16)lead to sth:导致=re

7、sult in=contribute to=cause The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (catch).学习必备 欢迎下载 反义词：result from=happen because of 因而起，起因于 1)Three people were killed in the accident.The accident resulted in three people being killed.=Three people s death the accident.2)The new building fell because of i

8、ts soft base.（句型转换）The falling of the new building resulted from its soft base.=Its soft base the falling of the new building.5.The world s population has grown by more than six times what it was in 1800.p22 l19 倍数表达法 times+as+adj./adv.+as+times+比较级+than times+the+名词（size/width/length/depth/weight/）

9、+of+这条河流是那条河流的四倍长。This river is that one.This river is than that one.This river is four times the that one.Note:1.倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法：2.两倍要用 twice 或 double，不用 two times.三倍常用 three times,也可用 thrice。3.除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数倍，几倍多或不到几倍等。如：六倍多（more than/over six times）,一半（half）,三分之一(one third),百分之六十

10、（60%）等。4.在 the+n.+of 结构中：1.要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词有 size/height/length/weight 等。2.the+n.+of 可转换成 ones+n.或名词性从句。如：the height of Mary=Marys height.grow/increase/rise/climb to 增加到 grow/increase/rise/climb by 增加了 1)工人们正全力以赴，力争使产量增长到五年前的三倍。The workers are going all out to make the output.2)这座城市居民的收入在过去的两年里增加了百分

11、之六十，这让人感到惊讶。It is amazing that the income of the people in the city 60 percent in the last two years.6.It s our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.p22 l21 cut back on/upon 削减，缩减,减少，降低 1）政府坚决不减少搜索本拉登的花费，最终他们成功地把他干掉了。The government the search for Bin

12、Laden and at last they succeeded in killing him.2）许多公司正在削减人员。staff at the moment.3）因为新产品销售不好，董事会成员决定削减产量。As the new products aren t selling well,the members of board have decided 7.It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.p23 l28 concern vt 与有关，关系到，关于 n.

13、关心、焦虑、忧虑 concerned adj.担心的、关心的、挂念的 be concerned about/for 担心，担忧.be concerned with 关心,关注,对.感兴趣;与。有关 as far as sb/sth is concerned 就来说，就而论 concerning prep.关于 1)当船正在下沉的消息传来时，每个人都充满了忧虑。when news came that the ship was sinking.2)我们都在为她的安全担忧。3)这件事与我们大家都有关。(concern/be concerned with).定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修

14、饰不可数名词在句中词组修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除学习必备 欢迎下载 4)关于他的未来，他与他最亲密的朋友谈了很多.5)就我个人而言，这种坏天气出去散步不是什么好主意。,walking in such bad weather is not a good idea.8be seen as.(P 23,L29)被看成.;被认为是.be seen as+n/doing 1)贫困和富裕被看成是一块硬币的两面.the two faces of the same coin.2)他被看成愚笨、坏脾气，不乐意容人。an

15、d unwilling to tolerate others.类似“be seen as”的词组还有：be considered as;be looked on as;be thought of as;be referred to as;be treated as 9 Asking around,I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.(L48)Asking around=When I ask around 1）一听到这个消息，他就

16、忍不住哭了起来。2）患有心脏病多年，王教授不论走到哪儿都必须随身带着药。3）被带领参观完实验室之后，校长又带领我们参观了图书馆。10.What if they run out?它们要是耗完了会怎么样？p25 E What if.=what would happen if.“要是。会怎么样？”火车要是晚点会怎么样呢?Sth run out (某物)耗完、用尽 Sb run out of sth 某人用完、耗尽某物 汽油已经用光了。The petrol 11.With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing,from the Green Society,p22 l5表语位于句首时，需完全倒装

17、。Seated on the ground are a group of young people.Hanging on the wall was a painting by Qi Baishi.Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.注意：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。此类倒装中不可用进行时；主语是代词时，句子不倒装。全部倒装：介词/副词+全部的谓语+主语 _ _ the plane.飞机飞走了 South of the river _a s

18、mall factory.城市南面有个小工厂 In the dark forest _,some large enough to hold several English towns.A.stand many lakes B.lie many lakes C.lies many lakes D.stands many lakes He gave me a piece of paper,on which _(write)some important information.Look!On the grass _ a young couple.A.sit B.is sitting C.are si

19、tting D.sits 巩固练习 一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式 定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修饰不可数名词在句中词组修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除学习必备 欢迎下载 二、译出下列短语 9.躲避责任 _ 10.对有害 _ 11.给他们更多的赞誉 _ 12.原材料 _ 13.愿意做某事 _ 14.对环境友好 _ 15.大量的货物 _ 16.用光 _ 17.春天一到来 _ 18.采取措施做某事 _ 19.开采地下水 _ 20.挑出 _ 21.第三长河 _ 22.引起关注 _ 23

20、.依赖这条河用水 _ 24.置于危险中 _ 25.关于 _ 26.在未来 _ 27.将这些变化归咎于这些气体_ 28.排放二氧化碳 _ 29.特别 _ 30.尽某人的职责 _ 三单选 1.Over one thousand people visited the exhibition _those who were present at the opening ceremony on the first day.A.except B.except for C.with the exception D.in addition to 定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修饰不可数名词在句中词组

21、修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除学习必备 欢迎下载 2.We won t stop our fight against our enemies until they have all been_.A.wiped out B.kept out C.taken out D.got out 3.The boy _on the ground _to his father that the hen _two eggs that day.A.laying;lied;laid B.lying;lied;laid C.ly

22、ing;lay;lied D.lay;lied;laid 4Don t blame me for my strictness with him.I did it _.A by his benefit B.for his benefitC.in his beneficialD.for his beneficial 5.Is your brother going abroad for further study?Yes,he_ to go and that is his will in life.A.is willingB.is determining C.is ableD.like 6.You

23、are responsible _ the manager _ the loss of the task.A.in,to B.to,for C.in,for D.from,for 7.He sat _ against the wall and listened to the teacher _.A.close,close B.closely,closely C.closely,close D.close,closely 8.It came as a great _ to hear she was killed in a car accident.A.surprise B.shock C.won

24、der D.annoyance 9.It is really _ for him to treat the child so badly.A.ashamed B.shames C.a shame D.shamed 10.We must _ our expenses.A.cut off B.cut up C.cut in D.cut back on 11 The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _pictures of them.A.many of B.masses of C.the

25、 number of D.a large amount of 12.As a result of destroying the forests,a large _ of desert _ covered the land.A.number;has B.quantity;has C.number;have D.quantity;have 13 I want to buy a rope which is _ this one.（C 级）A.twice as longer as B.as twice long as C.twice the length of D.as twice as 14The

26、town is _ than it was before.（B 级）A.three times as large B.larger three times C.as large as three times D.three times larger 15._ be careful when crossing the street.(B 级)A.Must B.Should C.Ought to D.Do 16.Since no one else has volunteered,Shella will be _ food for the trip.A.responsible to supply B

27、.responsible for supplying C.the responsible person to supply D.responsible to supplying 17._ makes her different from the other students?Honesty,I think.A.How is it that B.How is that C.What is it that D.What it is that 18.The boy s poor health _ his parents a great deal.A.was concerned B.concerned

28、 at C.concerned D.concerned about 19.After his first novel was published,he was _ one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.A.seen as B.saw as C.seen to D.seeing to 20.As these new products are not selling well,the members of the board(董事会)have decided to _ production.A.cut down on B

29、.cut off C.cut down D.cut up 四阅读 A In some countries in which there is very little rain at any time,the farmers have to irrigate their fields.Irrigation is easy enough if there is a great river near the crops,and if there is plenty of 定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修饰不可数名词在句中词组修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要

30、注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除学习必备 欢迎下载 water in it.Canals carry the river water to the fields when necessary.In some seasons there may be too much water in the river,and the water may flood all the land near it.At other times the river water may not be enough for all the farmers,and then it will be d

31、ifficult to irrigate the fields.To prevent these difficulties,a dam may be built across the river.This will store water for dry seasons,and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land.A great lake will,no doubt,be formed behind the dam,and this may mean that houses and fields will be cov

32、ered with water.Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places.Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times;more crops will be grown,there will be more food for everyone,and there will be no more floods.We cannot use sea water for irrigation;the salt will

33、not allow the crops to grow.Fresh water is always needed,and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water.This is done in a few countries,but the fresh water is for drinking.There is not enough at present for irrigation.Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of p

34、roducing fresh water from the sea.If fresh water could be made cheaply,we could grow more food.1.It is easy for farmers to irrigate their fields when _.a.there is a great river near the crops b.there is a lot of water that year c.there are many canals in the fields d.there is plenty of sea water in

35、the country A.ab B.abcC.bcd D.abcd 2.In order to keep the country having the right amount of water at all times,_ should be built.A.canals B.dams C.factories D.plants 58.The main idea of the passage is that_.A.irrigation is the best way to produce more food for humans B.many ways have been tried to

36、save water C.irrigation is necessary for farmers to have a good harvest D.scientists should try their best to make sea water fresh to meet the needs of society 3.Which of the following is NOT wrong?A.Sea water can be used to irrigate the fields.B.Scientists have found ways to take fresh water out of

37、 sea water.C.It seems that water plays little role in producing crops.D.Farmers use canals to irrigate their crops.定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修饰不可数名词在句中词组修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除学习必备 欢迎下载 B Welcome！：)The Friendship Pages Find-A-Friend is the place to help people from ar

38、ound the world find more friends！Established in 1996，we have members in 200 countries，from 7 to 90 years old.We are popular for our friendly feel，ease of use and success at making global friendships!Have a browse(浏览)through the friendly profiles，or sign up yourself to join.Before use，please note：Fin

39、d-A-Friend is designed only for friendship.For help and information about Find-A-Friend，please visit our Help&FAF section.Please be careful when giving out personal information over the Internetsee our Online_Safety_Tips.If youre under 15，please get your parents permission before using Find-A-Friend

40、.Volunteers needed！If youd like to help us run Find-A-Friend，please visit Positions_Vacant.Thanks！：)Search_Find-A-Friend You can search for a new friend by their age，country，gender(性别)or interests.Have fun！：)Join_Find-A-Friend The more friends the merrier！If youre already a member，you can update or

41、delete your listing.New Friends！More reasons to smile and celebrate！Here is a happier place with you！For more friends！For more information！Here is your home The Friendship Pages Find-A-Friend!1To have fun，you may search for a new friend，who _.Amay be from different countries Bis at the same age as y

42、ou Cis sure to be from your own country Donly belongs to the same sex 2According to the text，if your son，born in 1996，wants to use Find-A-Friend，he can go there _.Aany time he likes Bwith your permission Cwithout your permission D with the teachers permission 3Why is the website popular?ABecause the website is safe.BBecause all kinds of people can visit the website free.CBecause they succeed in making global friendships.DBecause people can find a job there.定语从句有三种形式定语从句定语从句定语从句修饰不可数名词在句中词组修饰可数名词复数名词复数表的数量数目后面的谓语动词用单数躺头但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法两倍要用或不用三倍常用也可用除