2023年译林小学英语语法点超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳最全面精品资料.pdf

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1、 语法及练习 1 be 动词 Be 动词的用法：(1)Am-was Is-was Are-were 口诀：我用 am,你用 are,is 用在他她它，复数全用 are。(2)肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.He is(not)a teacher.She is(not)in the dining room.My hair is(not)long.Her eyes are(not)small.(3)一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese?Yes,you are.No,you arent.Are they American?Yes,they are.No,they aren

2、t.Is the cat fat?Yes,it is.No,it isnt.用恰当的 be 动词填空。1.I _ a boy._ you a boy?No,I _ not.2.The girl_ Jacks sister.3.The dog _ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5._ your brother in the classroom?6.Where _ your mother?She _ at home.7.How _ your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9.Whose

3、 dress _ this?10.Whose socks _ they?11.That _ my red skirt.12.Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15.Here _ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves _ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _ for me.19.Some tea _ in the glass.20.Gao shans

4、 shirt _ over there.21.My sisters name _Nancy.22.This _ not Wang Fangs pencil.23._ David and Helen from England?24.There _ a girl in the room.25.There _ some apples on the tree.26._ there any kites in the classroom?27._ there any apple juice in the bottle?28.There _ some bread on the plate.29.There

5、_ a boy,two girls,three men and ten women in the park.30.You,he and I _ from China.语法及练习 2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词 1人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于 than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。一.填写代词表主格。I it we you them his your hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。1.That is not _ kite.That

6、kite is very small,but _ is very big.(I)2.The dress is _.Give it to _.(she)3.Is this _ watch?(you)No,its not _.(I)4._ is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are _.(he)5._ dresses are red.(we)What colour are _?(you)6.Here are many dolls,which one is _?(she)7.I can find my toy,but wheres _?(yo

7、u)8.Show _ your kite,OK?(they)9.I have a beautiful cat._name is Mimi.These cakes are _.(it)10.Are these _ tickets?No,_ are not _._ arent here.(they)11.Shall _ have a look at that classroom?That is _ classroom.(we)12._ is my aunt.Do you know _ job?_ a nurse.(she)13.That is not _ camera._is at home.(h

8、e)14.Where are _?I cant find _.Lets call _ parents.(they)15.Dont touch _._ not a cat,_ a tiger!16._ sister is ill.Please go and get _.(she)17._ dont know her name.Would you please tell _.(we)18.So many dogs.Lets count _.(they)19.I have a lovely brother._ is only 3.I like _ very much.(he)20.May I sit

9、 beside _?(you)21.Look at that desk.Those book are on _.(it）22.The girl behind _ is our friend.(she)语法及练习 3 名词复数和动词三单 一、名词复数规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：family-families,stra

10、wberry-strawberries 4以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es，如：knife-knives 5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 练习：写出下列各词的复数。I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ book_ chi

11、ld _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ people_ 二动词三单的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：study-studies 练习:

12、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ teach_ 语法及练习 4 一般现在时 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在

13、时的构成 1.be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s 或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化 1.be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句

14、。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问

15、句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)

16、newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.Im

17、 staying in bed.16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do)not like PE.18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have)eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be)it today?Its Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_ 2.I do my homework ev

18、ery day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_ 7.I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_ 8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_ 9.She is always a good stud

19、ent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_ 三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English?_ 2.Does he likes going fishing?_ 3.He likes play games after class._ 4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._ 5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._ 语法及练习 5 现在进行时 现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的

20、动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing.3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词 ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词 ing?动词加 ing 的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，

21、如：run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _ make_ go_ like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)s

22、ome nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They a

23、re doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_ 4Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_ 语法及练习 6 将来时 将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),

24、soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to+do；will+do.三、否定句：在 be 动词（am,is,are）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首，some 改为 any,and 改为 or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing th

25、is weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.2.问干什么。What do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.

26、例如：Shes g oing to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to=will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ p

27、lay basketball.What _ you do next Monday?I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6.Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _

28、 join them.7.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a pl

29、ay the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day.We _(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at wee

30、kends?I usually _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?15.Its Friday today.What _she _(do)this weekend?She _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects.16.What _(d0)you do last Sunday?I _(pick)apples on a farm.What _(do)next Sunday?I _(milk)cows.17.Mary _(visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao _(fly)kites in the play

31、ground yesterday.19.David _(give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I _(plan)for my study now.语法及练习 7 一般过去时 一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。（was not=wasnt）are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（were not=werent）带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 is,am,are

32、一样，即否定句在 was 或were 后加 not，一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首。3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt+动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加 did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-p

33、ulled,cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d，如：taste-tasted 3 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,re

34、ad-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat 过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1.I _ an English teacher now.

35、2.She _ happy yesterday.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.The little dog _ two years old this year.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8.Today _ the second of Jun e.Yesterday _ the first of June.It _ Childrens Day.All

36、 the students _ very excited.二、句型转换。1.There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、中译英。1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。_ 2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。_ 3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。_ 行为动词的过去时练习 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1.I _(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _(read)a newspaper last night.3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _

37、to the park.(go)4._ you _(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival?5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he _.6.Gao Shan _(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.7.I _(sweep)the floor yesterday,but my mother _.8.What _ she _(find)in the garden last morning?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换。1.T

38、hey played football in the playground.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、中译英。1.格林先生去年住在中国。_ 2.昨天我们参观了农场。_ 3.他刚才在找他的手机。_ 过去时综合练习（1）一、用动词的适当形式填空。1.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday.2.We all _(have)a good time last night.3.He _(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen _(milk)a cow on Friday.5.She likes _ newspapers,

39、but she _ a book yesterday.(read)6.He _ football now,but they _ basketball just now.(play)7.Jims mother _(plant)trees just now.8._ they _(sweep)the floor on Sunday?No,they _.9.I _(watch)a cartoon on Monday.10.We _(go)to school on Sunday.二、中译英。1.我们上周五看了一部电影。_ 2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。_ 3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物

40、园。_ 4.你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。_ 过去时综合练习 一、用动词的适当形式填空。1.It _(be)the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White _(go)to his office by car.2.Gao Shan _(put)the book on his head a moment ago.3.Dont _ the house.Mum _ it yesterday.(clean)4.What _ you _ just now?I _ some housework.(do)5.They _(make)a kite a week ago.6.I want

41、 to _ apples.But my dad _ all of them last month.(pick)7._ he _ the flowers this morning?Yes,he _.(water)8.She _(be)a pretty girl.Look,she _(do)Chinese dances.9.The students often _(draw)some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm?He _ cows.(milk)二、中译英。1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。_ 2.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟

42、比赛。_ 3.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。_ 语法及练习 8 There be 句型与 have,has There be 句型与 have,has 的区别 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在 there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用 is;主语是复数，be 动词用 are;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近 be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not,一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。4、there be 句型与 have(has)的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某

43、人拥有某物。5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词短语？Fill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”1.I_a good father and

44、 a good mother.2._a telescope on the desk.3.He_a tape-recorder.4._a basketball in the playground.5.She_some dresses.6.They_a nice garden.7.What do you_?8._a reading-room in the building?9.What does Mike_?10._any books in the bookcase?11.My father_a story-book.12._a story-book on the table.13._any fl

45、owers in the vase?14.How many students_in the classroom?15.My parents_some nice pictures.16._some maps on the wall.17._a map of the world on the wall.18.David_a telescope.19.Davids friends_some tents.20._many children on the hill.Fill in the blank with“have,has”1.I_ a nice puppet.2.He_a good friend.

46、3.They_ some masks.4.We_some flowers.5.She_ a duck.6.My father_ a new bike.7.Her mother_a vase.8.Our teacher_ an English book.9.Our teachers_a basketball.10.Their parents_some blankets 11.Nancy_many skirts.12.David_some jackets.13.My friends_a football.14.What do you_?15.What does Mike_?16.What do your friends_?17.What does Helen_?18.His brother_a basketball.19.Her sister_a nice doll.20.Miss Li_an English book.