2023年不规则动词过去式和过去分词四级短语和常用语句.pdf

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1、不规则动词表：1.A-A-A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2.A-A-B 型（现在式和过去式同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3.A-B-A 型（现在式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 come came come 来 become became become 变 run

2、ran run 跑 4.A-B-B 型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d 或 t 构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 s

3、pend spent spent 花费（3）其他 动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shon

4、e/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got/gotten 得到 hang hanged/hung hanged/hung 绞死/挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot sho

5、t shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5.A-B-C 型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）（1）在动词原形后加-n或-en 构成过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write

6、 wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 （2）过去式加-n或

7、-en 构成过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/woke waked/waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam sw

8、um 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮（4）其他不规则动词的变化。动词原形（现在式）过去式 过去分词 be(am,is)was/were been 是 be(are)were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿 一)比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B,but

9、A suffers from the disadvantages that.4.It is reasonable to maintain that.but it would be foolish to claim that.5.For all the disadvantages,it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else,it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构

10、成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或 9.However,the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently,it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think.,but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wonderi

11、ng as A is,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A.,but the chief faults(obvious defects)are.二)原因 1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The p

12、henomenon mainly stems from the fact that.4.The factors that contribute to this situation include.5.The change in.largely results from the fact that.6.We may blame.,but the real causes are.7.Part of the explanations for it is that.One of the most common factors(causes)is that.Another contributing fa

13、ctor(cause)is.Perhaps the primary factor is that But the fundamental cause is that.三)后果 1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is.3.It will exercise a profound influence upon.4.Its consequence can be so great that.四)批驳 1)It is true that.,but one vital point is be

14、ing left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements,but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say.,but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that.5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for.7)Too mu

15、ch stress placed on.may lead to.8)Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that.9)Contrary to what is widely accepted,I maintain that.五)举例 1)A good case in point is.2)As an illustration,we may take.3)Such examples might be given easily.4).is often cited as an example.六)证明 1)No one can deny th

16、e fact that.动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或 2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately,none of the available data shows.4)Recent studies indicate that.5)There is sufficient evidence to show that.6)According to statistics prov

17、ed by.,it can be seen that.七)开篇 1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of.2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the issue has aroused great concern among.5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over.6)Never in our his

18、tory has the idea that.been so popular.7)Faced with.,quite a few people argue that.8)According to a recent survey,.9)With the rapid development of.,.八)结尾 1)From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that.2)It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop.3)It is necessary t

19、hat steps should be taken to.4)In conclusion,it is imperative that.5)There is no easy method,but.might be of some help.6)To solve the above-mentioned problem,we must.7)In summary,if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue,more problems will crop up.8)With the efforts of all parts concerned,t

20、he problem will be solved thoroughly.9)We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to.10)Taking all these into account,we.11)Whether it is good or not/positive or negative,one thing is certain/clear.1in the long run 从长远来看，最后 2on offer 在出售中 3choose from.从.中挑选 4be curious

21、about.对.感到好奇 5confront with.使面临,使面对 6with interest 有兴趣地 7an average of.平均是.8at high altitudes 在很高的地方 9draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意 10focus on 集中 11in years to come 在未来的几年内 12as a matter of fact 实际上 13adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法 14wait for 等待 15pass through 经过,通过 16a sequence of 一系列的 17set apa

22、rt from 把.区分开 18take.for granted 以.为骄傲 19be aware of/that 注意到 20translate into 翻译成 21set in 开始 22intend to do 想要做 动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或23looking forward to 期望 24be built from.用.去建造 25a wide variety of 很多的 26 at advanced levels 在

23、高级范围内 27carry out 完成，实施 28according to 根据 29aim to do 指望做某事 30make sacrifices to do 做出牺牲而做31in depth 深入地 32a series of 一系列,一连串 33above all 首先,尤其是 34after all 毕竟,究竟 35ahead of 在.之前 36ahead of time 提前 37all at once 突然,同时 38all but 几乎;除了.都 39all of a sudden 突然 40all over 遍及 41all over again 再一次,重新 42al

24、l the time 一直,始终 43all the same 仍然,照样的 44as regards 关于,至于 45anything but 根本不 46as a matter of fact 实际上 47apart from 除.外(有/无)48as a rule 通常,照例 49as a result(of)因此,由于 50as far as.be concerned 就.而言 51as far as 远至,到.程度 52as for 至于,关于 53as follows 如下 54as if 好像,仿怫 55as good as 和.几乎一样 56as usual 像平常一样,照例

25、57as to 至于,关于 58all right 令人满意的;可以 59as well 同样,也,还 60as well as 除.外(也),即.又 61aside from 除.外(还有)62at a loss 茫然,不知所措 63at a time 一次,每次 64at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 65at all costs 不惜一切代价 66at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 67at all times 随时,总是 68at any rate 无论如何,至少 69at best 充其量,至多 70at first 最初,起先 71at first sight 乍一看,

26、初看起来 72at hand 在手边,在附近 73at heart 内心里,本质上 74at home 在家,在国内 75at intervals 不时,每隔.76at large 大多数,未被捕获的 77at least 至少 78at last 终于 79at length 最终,终于 80at most 至多,不超过 81at no time 从不,决不 82by accident 偶然 83at one time 曾经,一度;同时 84at present 目前,现在 85at sbs disposal 任.处理 86at the cost of 以.为代价 87at the merc

27、y of 任凭.摆布 88at the moment 此刻,目前 89at this rate 照此速度 90at times 有时,间或 91back and forth 来回地,反复地 92back of 在.后面 93before long 不久以后 94beside point 离题的,不相干的 95beyond question 毫无疑问 96by air 通过航空途径 97by all means 尽一切办法,务必 98by and by 不久,迟早 99by chance 偶然,碰巧 100by far 最,.得多 101by hand 用手,用体力 102by itself 自

28、动地,独自地 103by means of 用,依靠 104by mistake 错误地,无意地 105by no means 决不,并没有 106by oneself 单独地,独自地 107by reason of 由于 108by the way 顺便说说 109by virtue of 借助,由于 110by way of 经由,通过.方法 动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或111due to 由于,因为 112each other 互相

29、 113even if/though 即使,虽然 114ever so 非常,极其 115every now and then 时而,偶尔 116every other 每隔一个的 117except for 除了.外 118face to face 面对面地 119far from 远非,远离 120for ever 永远 121for good 永久地 122for the better 好转 123for the moment 暂时,目前 124for the present 暂时,目前 125for the sake of 为了,为了.的利益 126 for the time bein

30、g 暂时,眼下 127from time to time 有时,不时 128hand in hand 手拉手,密切关联 129head on 迎面地,正面的 130heart and soul 全心全意地 131how about.怎么样 132in a hurry 匆忙,急于 133in case of 假如,防备 134in a moment 立刻,一会儿 135in a sense 从某种意义上说 136in a way 在某种程度上 137in a word 简言之,总之 138in accordance with 与.一致,按照 139in addition 另外,加之 140in

31、addition to 除.之外(还)141in advance 预先,事先 142in all 总共,合计 143in any case 无论如何 144in any event 无论如何 145in brief 简单地说 146in charge of 负责,总管 147in common 共用的,共有的 148in consequence(of)因此;由于 149in debt 欠债,欠情 150in detail 详细地 151in difficulty 处境困难 152in effect 实际上,事实上 153in general 一般来说,大体上 154in favor of 支持

32、,赞成 155in front of 面对,在.前 156in half 成两半 157in hand 在进行中,待办理 158in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念 159in itself 本质上,就其本身而言 160in line with 与.一致 161in memory of 纪念 162in no case 决不 163in no time 立即,马上 164in no way 决不 165in order 按顺序,按次序 166in other words 换句话说 167in part 部分地 168in particular 特别,尤其 169in person 亲自,本人

33、 170in place 在合适的位置 171in place of 代替,取代,交换 172in practice 在实践中,实际上 173in proportion to 与.成比例 174in public 公开地,当众 175in quantity 大量 176in question 正在谈论的 177in regard to 关于,至于 178in relation to 关于,涉及 179in return 作为报答/回报/交换 180in return for 作为对.报答 181in short 简言之,总之 182in sight 被见到;在望 183in spite of

34、尽管 184in step 齐步,合拍 185in step with 与.一致/协调 186in tears 流着泪,在哭着 187in the course of 在.期间/过程中 188in the distance 在远处 189in the end 最后,终于 190in the event of 如果.发生,万一 191in the face of 即使;在.面前 192in the first place 首先 193in the future 在未来 194in the least 丝毫,一点 195in(the)light of 鉴于,由于 196in the way 挡道

35、197in the world 究竟,到底 198in time 及时 动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或199in touch 联系,接触 200in turn 依次,轮流;转而 201in vain 徒劳,白费力 202instead of 代替,而不是 203just now 眼下;刚才 204little by little 逐渐地 205lots of 许多 206many a 许多 207more or less 或多或少,有点 2

36、08next door 隔壁的,在隔壁 209no doubt 无疑地 210no less than 不少于.;不亚于.211no longer 不再 212no more 不再 213no more than 至多,同.一样不 214none other than 不是别的,正是 215on ones guard 警惕,提防 216nothing but 只有,只不过 217now and then 时而,偶尔 218off and on 断断续续,间歇地 219off duty 下班 220on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 221on account of 由于

37、 222on(an/the)average 平均,通常 223on behalf of 代表 224on board 在船(车/飞机)上 225on business 因公 226on condition that 如果 227on duty 上班,值班 228on earth 究竟,到底 229on fire 起火着火 230on foot 步行,231on guard 站岗,值班 232on hand 在场,在手边 233on occasion(s)有时,间或 234on ones own 独立,独自 235on purpose 故意地 236on sale 出售,廉价出售 237on s

38、chedule 按时间表,准时 238 on second thoughts 经重新考虑 239on the contrary 正相反 240on the grounds of 根据,以.为由 241on(the)one hand 一方面 242on the other hand 另一方面 243on the point of 即将.的时刻 244on the road 在旅途中 245on the side 作为兼职/副 业 246on the spot 在场;马上 247on the whole 总的来说,大体上 248on time 准时 249once again 再一次 250onc

39、e(and)for all 一劳永逸地 251once in a while 偶尔 252once more 再一次 253once upon a time 从前 254one another 相互 255or else 否则,要不然 256or so 大约,左右 257other than 非;除了 258out of 从.中;由于;缺乏 259out of breath 喘不过气来 260out of control 失去控制 261out of date 过时的 262out of doors 在户外 263out of order 出故障的 264out of place 不适当的 2

40、65out of practice 久不练习,荒疏 266out of sight 看不见,在视野外 267out of the question 毫无可能的 268 out of touch 不联系,不接触 269over and over(again)一再地,再三地 270prior at 在.之前 271quite a few 相当多,不少 272rather than 不是.(而是)273regardless of 不顾,不惜 274right away 立即,马上 275side by side 肩并肩,一起 276so far 迄今为止 277sooner or later 迟早,

41、早晚 278step by step 逐步地 279such as 例如,诸如 280thanks to 由于,多亏 281that is(to say)就是说,即 282to the point 切中要害,切题 283under control 处于控制之下 284under the circumstances 这种情况下 动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或285up to date 在进行中 286up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于 28

42、7what if 切合目前情况的 288what about 怎么样 289with respect to 如果.将怎么样 290with regard to 关于,至于 291without question 关于,至于,292with the exception of 除.之外 293without question 毫无疑问 294word for word 逐字的 1 I wasnt born yesterday.（我又不是三岁小孩)2 How do I address you?（我怎么称呼你)3 She turns me off.（她使我厌烦。）4 So far so good.（目

43、前为止，一切都好。）5 Be my guest.（请便、别客气）6 That was a close call.（太危险了/千钧一发）7 Far from it.（一点也不。）8 Its a pain in the neck麻烦的事（人）.（那真是件麻烦事）9 Were in the same boat.（我们处境相同。）10 My mouth is watering.（我在流口水了。）11 I ache all over.（我浑身酸痛。）12 I have a runny nose.（我流鼻涕。）13 Do you have any openings?（你们有空缺吗？）14 Think no

44、thing of it.（别放在心上。）15 Im not myself today.（我今天心神不宁。）16 I have a sweet tooth.（我喜欢吃甜食。）17 For the time being.（暂时；暂且；目前）18 Dont beat around the bush.（别拐弯抹角了。）19 Its up on the air悬而未决.（尚未确定。）20 It slipped my mind.（我忘了。）21 You cant please使人感到满意和愉快 everyone.（你不可能讨好每一个人。）22 Im working on着手；从事 it.（我正在努力。）2

45、3 You bet!（当然！）24 Drop me a line短信.（写封信给我）25 Are you pulling my leg同某人开玩笑；取笑?（你在开我玩笑吗？）26 Ill keep my ears open.（我会留意的。）27 Neck and neck.（不分上下。）28 Im feeling under the weather.（我觉得不舒服/精神不好/情绪低落。）29 Dont get me wrong误解.（不要误会我。）30 Youre the boss.（听你的。）31 If I were in your shoes处在某人的位置.（如果我是你的话。）32 Ove

46、r my dead body!（休想)33 Itll come to me.（我会想起来的。）34 I will play it by ear见机行事；临时现做.（我会见机行事的；到时候再说。)35 Lets talk over coffee.（我们边喝边谈。）36 Take it easy.（轻松一点；别紧张；放松放松；再见。）动词原形后加一个辅音字母或构成过去式或过去分词动词原形现在式过现在式过去式带来过去分词付下蛋说买想型现在式过去式和过去分词都诉嗅闻坐挖吃落下偷给冻结拿看见写骑驾驶抛扔吹生长知道过去式加或这是美国人最喜欢说的话，也可作离别用语。37 Lets give him a bi

47、g hand.（让我们热烈鼓掌。）38 As far as Im concerned.（就我而言。）39 Im up to my ears忙得不可开交；深陷于某事物中 in work.（我忙死了。）40 You cant do this to me.（你不能这么对我。）41 Just to be on the safe side.（为了安全起见。）42 Its been a long time.（好久不见了。）43 Its about time.（时间差不多了。)44 I cant imagine why.（我想不通为什么。）45 Thats really something.（真了不起。)4

48、6 Excuse me for a moment.（失陪一会儿。）47 Im dying 很想 to see you.（我真想见你。）48 Im flattered.（过奖了。）49 You can never tell.（不知道/谁也没把握。）50 I wont buy相信；接受 you story.（我不信你那一套。）51 It hurts like hell!（疼死啦！）52 It cant be helped.（无能为力。）53 Sorry to bother you.（抱歉打扰你。事前）Sorry to have bothered you.（抱歉打扰你。事后）54 Stay out

49、of this matter,please.（请别管这事。）55 Ill make it up to you.（我会赔偿的。）56 Im very/really/terribly/awfully/extremely sorry.（十分抱歉)57 Lets forgive and forget.（让我们摈弃前嫌。）58 Ive heard so much about you!（久仰大名！）58 Dont underestimate me.（别小看我。）59 She gives me a headache.（她让我头疼。）60 Youre wasting you breath.（你在白费口舌)61

50、 Dont get on my nerves!（不要搅得我心烦。）62 His argument doesnt hold water.（他的论点站不住脚)63 Youve got to do something.（你一定要想办法。）64 Dont look wise.（别自作聪明)65 Youre going too far!（你太过分了！）66 Dont bury your head in the sand.（不要逃避现实。）67 Nothing works.（什么都不对劲儿。）68 Money will come and go.（钱乃身外之物。）69 Hes been behind bar