2023年初中英语解题技巧.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 初中英语解题技巧 一、听力 1.浏览题目 2.勾划题重点，关键词 特别是一般疑问句的答语（是 am,is,are,do,does,did,have,has,情态动词等，一般疑问句用什么提问就用什么回答。）还有记住：Could you please do sth.?表示委婉请求，回答要用：Yes,of course./Yes,with pleasure./Yes,no problem/Yes,Im glad to.yes,certainly./sure./Ok/No,I cant./Sorry,but.表示征求对方意见：what/how about.？Why not do s

2、th.?/why don t you do sth?Lets do sth!Shall we do sth?We should do sth.Youd better(not)do sth.Its a good idea to do sth.答语：OK./Good idea./All right!/That sounds good./sorry,I m afraid not./Of course not./Id love to,but 常用特殊疑问句及回答(见下表)3.做好笔记，学会记下关键词，比如时间，数字，年份等，因为很多时候关于数字需要进行计算，而不是简单的答案 4.听短文时，特别注意题目

3、的关键词，以及选项的关键词，带着问题有目的地听短文，没听到的及时看下一题，等下一遍的时候再做之前没做的。学习必备 欢迎下载 常用的特殊疑问句 询问内容 疑问词或句型 例 句 回 答 职业，身份 what What is your father?What does your father do?He is a doctor.姓名或关系 who Who is that boy?He is Jack.He is my brother 相貌特征 whatlike?What is she like?What does she look like?She is beautiful.目的 whatfor?W

4、hat did they come here for?To attend a meeting.原因 why Why did they come here?Because they have a meeting to attend.天气 how whatlike?How is the weather today?What is the weather like today?Its fine.颜色 what color？What dolor is her skirt?Its red.服装尺寸 what size What size does he wear?He wars 40.几点钟 what

5、time What time is it?Its 7:30.星期几 what day What day is today?Its Tuesday.几号，日期 what is the date?What is the date today?Its May 2.年龄（多大）how old How old is he?He is 38.多久 how long How long have you been here?For five months.长度（多长）How long How long is the bridge?Its 500 metres.距离（多远）how far How far is

6、it from here to the zoo?Its 6 kilometres.下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 频度（多经常）how often How often do you come back?Once a week.时间经过（多快）how soon How soon will she arrive?In an week.数量（多少）how many（可名）how much（不可名）How many jackets

7、 do you have?How much coffee do you want?Three.Two cups.价格 how much How much is it?How much does it cost?Five dollars.高度（多高）how tall（人，树）how high（山，建筑）How tall is she?How high is the tower?Shes 1.73 metres.Its 450 metres.二、单选 1.解题技巧 1）阅读审题 首先默读试题中的英语句子，了解空格在句中所处的位置，句子缺少什么成分，初步确定答案的选择范围，然后再结合备选选项就会大致

8、明白考查什么。2）观察分析 这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将题中所提供的条件和备选项的情况结合起来去分析、推理，排除那些明显不符合题意，甚至本身就有错的备选项，再在剩下的备选项中比较分析。3）选择判断 在分析句子和备选项的基础上，经过反复验证，选出一个使句子语法正确、句意通顺、符合逻辑的答案。4）复查验证 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否通顺，再在语法、意思和逻辑关系上推

9、敲一下，完全符合条件则可放心。2.方法清单 1）直接判定法 直接判定法就是运用所学的英语知识，结合题目所提供的信息，从备选项中直接选出正确答案。There is _wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.A.anything B.something C.nothing 2）排除法 如果通读完题干，弄清题意后，感到四个备选项似是而非，举棋不定，这时不妨采取“逐个排除”的方法。将所给四个选项一一放到空白处去，经过分析，将所有的干扰项筛选掉，剩下的一个选项即为正确答案。He does his homework much_than he did two ye

10、ars ago.A.careful B.more careful C.carefully D.more carefully 3）前后照应法 前后照应法实际上是借助语境来解题的一种方法。此法要求答题前首先要弄清题干的意思，然后根据上下文之间的关系，捕捉暗示的信息，从而得出正确的答案。We have to finish the work now,_?A.don t we B.haven t we C.have we D.do we 4）逻辑推理法 有些题目的选项，从语法上看答案可能不止一个，甚至全部都可入选，但是有的句意不符合逻辑，通过逻辑推理才能将其排除。-can you play the gu

11、itar?-sorry._ I can sing English songs.A.And B.But C.Or D.For 5）比较法 运用所学的语法和词汇知识，仔细分析比较四个选项，对其进行时态，语态，语气，非谓语下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 形式及同义词比较，最后选出正确答案。此法多用于解答那些较难的选择填空题。-Have you ever climbed Mout Tai,Carol?-Yes,I_in Taian

12、 for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A.had stayed B.stay C.stayed D.have stayed 6）固定结构判断法 考查固定搭配和习惯用法-you aren t a student,are you?-No,I_.A.am B.am not C.was D.wasn t 7）推算法 有的选择填空题涉及简单的数学知识，所给的四个答案从语法上看都是对的，要选出这种题的正确答案需要进行推算。Tom is seventeen.Jack is three older than Tom and two year

13、s younger than Todd.Todd is _.A.eighteen B.nineteen C.twenty-two D.sixteen 8）常识法 It was very _when I spent my Christmas holiday in Sydney.A.cold B.hot C.cool D.warm 9）关键词法 He hardly hurt himself in the accident,_?A.doesn t he B.didn t he C.did he D.does he 10）情景交际法-Do you mind if I turn on the TV?-_

14、.My father is sleeping.A.Better not.B.Not at all.C.No,I don t mind.D.Thats all right.下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 三、完形填空 完形填空解题步骤 1.快速通读全文，掌握短文大意。快速掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，及每段的第一句，结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。准确地预测和推断短文的主要意义。2.抓住

15、结构、语意及逻辑三条线索，推断和预测选项。利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。根据词的意义和用法进行选择，重复考虑语境。上下文找线索，上下文找提示。完形填空的文章都是一个意义相关联的语篇，它围绕一个话题论述，在行文中词语重复、替代等现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某个空格所对应的答案很可能就在上

16、下文中重复出现的相关词。所以，可以根据这些词之间的有机联系确定答案。3.要特别注意语法，如单词的各种形式的变化，种类句型的结构等。单词的变化：a。名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致，以及名词所有格。b。动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，或时态、语态以及非谓语动词形式等，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。c。选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。d。选择代词，要注意性、数是否准确。e。选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。也可从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手，如 not.until、as.as、not so.as或用

17、because 不用 so,用 but 不用 though 等。下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 f。选择形容词和副词，则须根据其所在句中的作用以及他前面的修饰语等来确定是什么词性，是应用比较级还是最高级，要注意词义的区别，还要注意词形变化。G.若考查冠词，则须依据短文空白后单词的第一个音素来确定是用a/an,根据空格后名词是表示特指还是泛指来确定用不定冠词a/an 还是定冠词the,或根据冠词的习惯用法来确定。要注意句法题

18、，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装 a。句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。b。句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。另外还要注意固定词组、习惯用语、固定句型的积累、同义词的辨析、生活常识的运用以及中西方文化的差异。在选择答案时，可以用择优法和排除法和例举对比法。a。择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。b。排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上

19、下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。4.选项填完后，通读全文，仔细检查。验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：（1）文章是否顺畅；（2）所填单词是否是最佳单词；（3）所填单词搭配是否有误。解题技巧 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关

20、于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载【技巧 1】前后照应 利用上下文信息，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。在做四选一的完型填空时，我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。试看以下例题：【例 1】What do I remember about my childhood?There were good things and bad things.We used to live_,and my p

21、arents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.A.in a town B.on a farm C.on a busy street D.in a city【例 2】I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking.What a wonderful smell!I used to _,wash quickly and run downstairs.My breakfast would be wai

22、ting for me on the table.A.leave the bed B.lie in bed C.jump out of bed D.get up【技巧 2】情感态度：较难题 其中形容词，副词中分为三种情感：(1)正情感：happy，amazing 等(2)零情感：fast，slow，surprising等(3)负情感：sad，disappointed等【例】Among them,a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking.I had seen him around,and I knew he was alw

23、ays laughed at.He seemed unsure of himself,and was so pale that it _ us to look at him.A.Worried B.surprised C.taught D.hurt【技巧 3】固定搭配【例 1】On the train,Tom was looking _1_ for his ticket because the conductor was coming _2_ to his ticket.1.A.out B.forward C.anywhere D.everywhere 2.A.down B.up C.in D

24、.on 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 例 2 Whenever Im _,I still look back at that yearbook.A.away B.out C.behind D.down【技巧 4】词义辨析 在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳，或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母完型填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单

25、词的词性及词组搭配。【例】A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings.Do you _what he means?A.think B.guess C.know D.understand【技巧 5】中心主旨 文章中最后一句通常为积极的态度或观点。【例 1】I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference.I achieved that an

26、d more by working as a member of Jeffs team.He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his_.The fact that it has made a difference i n other peoples lives is the real prize.What a great feeling!A.luck B.spirit C.life D.success【例 2】I honor my aunt,who taught me the things my _ cou

27、ldnt.So every June for the past 40 years,in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion,Ive sent her a Fathers Day card.A.teachers B.mother C.father D.friends【技巧 6】简单逻辑 分为因果，并列，转折，否定。【例 1】For more than sixty years,Aunt Marion didnt and still dont think of herself._ she is forced to come up to the front,m

28、y aunt will stand in the back in family photos,and she doesnt think that her efforts have made much 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 A.Unless B.Although C.Since D.Before【技巧 7】情景还原【例】The most amazing thing was that she taught me to

29、 read my_.I remember that I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every word that I said.A.eye B.face C.heart D.mouth 解题思路 1.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意 2.结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案 3.瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破 4.复读全文，逐空验证，弥补疏漏 四、阅读理解 一、阅读理解考查题型 1.考查事实细节：2.猜测生词含义：3.推理判断：4.归纳主旨大意：5.推测作者的态度、意图和目的：（一）事实性细节题 对时间、地点、特征、方式、数

30、字等的寻找 对原因、结果、事实的正确理解 常用提问方式：下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 1.According to the passage,who(what,why,where,when，how many/much,how long).?2.According to the passage,which of the following statements is(not)true?通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误 1.He

31、/she should have an interest in making pizza.More importantly,he/she should have work experience in a restaurant.The ad tells us that_ A.The assistant must be a man.B.The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant.C.Pucci pizza has branches all over China.事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在:1 文中有原句；2 找相关信息进行比对;

32、3 找近义词或同义句;4 进行简单数学计算;在读文章时把这些信息划下来（二）猜测词义 词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或 句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：1)The word.refers to _ 2)The underlined.probably means _ 1、根据定义、释义 常用的：be,be called,mean，that is(to say)，in other words，call,be considered to be,refer to,be called,be known as,define,represent,signify等词汇或破折号或定语从句等来表示。Wel

33、l,Ive relearned it.I hope I have time left to enjoy the successes of others and 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 to take pleasure in the day.That s the heart of the watermelon.“the heart of the watermelon”refers to_.A.the best par

34、t of the watermelon.B.the writer s busy life C.the writer s decision of making money.D.the writer s hope of enjoying life.2、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断 As they go around town,they help people.When they find lost children,they take the children home.If they see a fight,they put an end to it right away.They know a

35、ll the streets and roads well.Often people ask them how to get to a place in town.In the text,“put an end to”means _ A.stop B.cut C.kill D.Fly 3、根据关联词来猜测 表示因果关系的：because,as,since,for,so,as a result 表示同义关系的：and,like,just asthe same as.表示反义关系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)There is a plac

36、e on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground.It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean.The island is North Island in New Zealand.What does the word“steam”mean in Chinese?_ A.自来水 B.大气 C.冰川 D.蒸汽 1.I could see nothing because the light was so(faint.)2.Tom is very rude,but his br

37、other is quite(polite.)3.She is beautiful,and her daughter is as(pretty)as her.演练 1 A bag is useful and the word“bag”is useful.下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 It gives us some interesting phrases.One is“to let the cat out of the

38、bag.”It is the same as“to tell a secret”Now when someone lets out a secret,he“lets the cat out of the bag.”Q:John lets the cat out of the bag”means he A.makes everyone know a secret.B.the woman bout a cat.C.buys a cat in the bag.D.sells the cat in the bag.实战演练 2 If you want to be a musician,you usua

39、lly have to move to an area that has a lot of jobs,such as New York City.The cost of living in these areas is usually very high.The third disadvantage is that you can t have a stable family life.Different jobs will take a musician to different places,so most musicians are unable to have a regular fa

40、mily.What does the underlined word“stable”mean in Chinese?_ A.幸福的 B.稳定的 C.健康的（4）根据生活经验及普通常识猜词 1)China is our motherland.2)Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies.3)Its really cold outside,and my hands are both numb.Exercises:Guess the meaning of the new words quickly.a.Wealthy means havi

41、ng lots of money.b.Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health.c.My mother-in-law,my husbands mother,was a teacher.The boy had a happy family before.However,after the war,he became homeless.d.You must stop dreaming and face reality.（5）根据构词法猜测词意 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎

42、下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。例如：前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant 等。后缀-ment表名词，如 develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument 等。后缀-er、-or或-is

43、t表同源名词，如 calculate/calculator;visit/visitor;law/lawyer;wait/waiter;science/scientist;art/artist 等。（6）通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义 在文章中有时作者为了避免重复，或为了表达同一事物的不同种类，使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下，我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系从熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词，一是要看由 and 或 or 连接的同义词词组，如 happy and gay,即使我们不认识 gay 这个词，也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中所使用的同义词。Man

44、 has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.（7）通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义 有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或两个人，使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比，我们可以利用已知单词推断未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如 but,while,however 等，二是看含 not 的习语或表示否定意义的词语。（8）通过举例来猜测词义 Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some oth

45、er kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.（9）通过描述猜测词义 描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻，更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。The penguin is a kind of seabird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎

46、下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载（10）根据单词的发音进行推测 英语中有些单词来自汉语，与汉语发音有些相似，另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译，如：sofa,coffee,typhoon,aspirin,nylon （三）推理判断 考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？1.We can infer(推断)from the story that_ 2.Whats the passage mainly about?3.It can be inferred from the

47、 passage that 4.According to the story,what would happen next?5.The first paragraph tells us that _ 6.What can we learn from the passage?1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。Secondly,a news story has to be interesting and unusual.People dont want to read stories about everyday life.As a result,

48、many stories are about some kinds of danger and seem to be“bad”news.According to the passage,which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?_ a.You often play football with your friends after school.b.Your teacher has got a cold.c.A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn t been caught.

49、d.The bike in front of your house is lost.When you cough or sneeze,please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand.Afterwards,you should say,“Excuse me.”This is a rule I set for my students.It is so simple,but many kids have never been told to do this.What

50、 does the underlined word“this”mean?_ A.Dont cough or sneeze in front of people 下表做好笔记学会记下关键词比如时间数字年份等因为很多时候关于数没做的学习必备欢迎下载常用的特殊疑问句询问内容疑问词或句型例句快可名数量多少不可名价格人树高度多高山建筑二单选解题技巧阅读审学习必备 欢迎下载 B.Dont stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes.C.Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train.D.Cover your