2023年新人教版英语初二上册知识点归纳总结.pdf

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1、-1-八年级英语上重难点归纳 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？1，一般过去时 基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否认形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时复原动词；一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？Did+主语+动词原形+其他？2，动词过去式规则变化：直接加 ed；以不发音 e 结尾的单词，直接加 d；以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 ed；以元音字母+y 结尾的，直接加 ed；以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed 不规则变化的动词过去式见书本最后一页 3，go on vacation 去度假 be o

2、n vacation 在度假 4，anyone 任何人，只用于指人，一般用在否认句、疑问句中，后面不接 of 短语。做主语时位于动词用单数。Eg：Is there anyone at home？any one 任何一个，指人或物，后面接 of 短语。Eg：You can take any one of these books.5，adj 修饰不定代词后置 anything special something important enough 作 adv，修饰 adj/adv 后置 old enough fast enough else 作 adj，修饰疑问代词和不定代词后置 what else

3、 who else something else 6，quite a few/little 相当多 7，How/what about+V-ing/n/代词 怎么样？表建议、询问 8，most students=most of the students “one of+the most+adj+n 复数”表示“最之一”Eg：He is one of the most famous writers in China.A most+adj+n 非常 Eg：Hangzhou is a most beautiful city.9，buy/get sb sth=buy/get sth for sb 10，

4、what do you think of/about？=how do you like？你认为怎么样？11，have fun，enjoy oneself，have a good/great/wonderful time+V-ing,12，主语+seem+to be+表语n/adj eg：Tom seems to be a smart boy/happy.It seems that 从句 eg：It seems that he understand.主语+seem to do sth eg：He seems to understand.13，adj 以-ing结尾“令人的”exciting，in

5、teresting，relaxing，boring 以-ed结尾“人感到的”excited，interested，relaxed，bored 14，询问价格：How much is?What s the price of?表示价格高低：be expensive/cheap The price of is high/low 15，get to,arrive in/at,reach,到达如果后面接地点的副词 home，here 或 there,就不用介词in,at,to 16，decidenotto do decide that 从句 decide+疑问词+不定式 17，trynotto do s

6、th 尽力 try doing sth 尝试 try/do one s best to do sth try it on 试穿动副结构 try out 试验 have a try 试一试 18，feel like 感觉像 feel like doing sth/want to do sth/would like to do sth -2-19，a lot of=lots of=plenty of 20，in the past 在过去 21，enjoy/like doing 22，感慨句：How+adj+主谓！How+adj+a/an+n 单+主谓！What+a/an+adj+n 单+主谓！Wh

7、at+adj+n 复/不可数+主谓！23，more than=over 超过 less than 少于 more or less 或多或少 24，wait for 等待 25，too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数 too much“太多”修饰不可数名词 much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词 26，because+从句 because of+n/V-ing/代词 27，enough 作 adj 修饰 n，enough time enough money have enough to do sth eg：I have enough time to finish the work.enou

8、gh 作 adv 修饰 adj/adv old enough fast enough enough for sb to do sth eg：The job is easy enough for me to do.notenough to do The book isn t easy enough for me to read.tooto The book is too difficult for me to read.sothat The book is so difficult that I can t read.28，the next day 第二天 29，remember/forget+

9、to do 要做 +doing 做过 30，Stop sb from doing sth 阻止 Stop to do 停下来去做其他事 Stop doing 停止正在做的事 31，another two hours=two more hours 32，at the top of 在顶端，名列之前 强调点 on the top of 在上面 强调面 33，find out 查明，弄清 find 找到结果 look for 寻找过程 34，go on with/doing sth 继续原来的事 go on to do sth 继续做别的事 35，so+adj+that+结果状语从句“如此以致”eg

10、：I was so busy that I didn t go to sleep for 3 days.so that 引导目的状语从句，以便，为了in order to eg：they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.so+adj+a/an+n 单数that It is so important a meeting that I can t miss it.such+a/an+adj+n 单数+that It is such an important meeting that I can t miss it.such+a

11、dj+n 复数/不可数+that Unit 2 How often do you exercise？1，How 如何方式 how long 多长时间答语常用“For/about+时间段”how far 多远距离答语常用“Its+数词+miles/meters/kilometers”-3-how often 多久一次频率答语常用“Always/often/every day/”或“次数+时间”等表频率的状语 How soon 多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中。答语常用“in+时间段”how many 多少接可数名词 how much 接不可数名词 2，exercise 作 v 锻炼，运动 作c 操

12、，练习 do morning/eye exercises 作uc 锻炼 take much/more exercise 3，at+钟点 at 7 o clock at noon/at nightduring/in the day at this/that time at the age of on+具体某天、星期、特指的一天、纪念日、节日 on April 1st on Sunday on a cold winter morning on Teachers Day in+上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季节、年代、世纪 in the morning/afternoon/evening in 1999

13、 in August in autumn in 1960s in the 21st century 4，help sb todo sth help sb with sth with sb s help=with the help of sb 5，dothehousework=do chores 6，频度副词行前 be 后 Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never 7，sometimes 有时频度副词 sometime将来有朝一日，曾经某天 Some times 几次，几倍 some time 一段时间前面用介词 for 8，go sh

14、opping=do some shopping 9，once twice three times 10，at once，right now，right away，in a minute，in a moment，in no time 立刻，马上 once more 再一次，重新 once upon a time 从前，曾经 11，every day 每天 everyday 日常的，每天的 12，on the internet 13，what s your favorite program？=what program do you like best？14，free 空闲的 in one s fr

15、ee time be free 自由的 as free as a fish freedom n.自由 免费的 The best things in life are free.15，be full=be busy 忙的 be busy doing sth/be busy with sth be full of 充满 eg：The bottle is full of milk.16，How come？怎么会？为什么？17，may be 为情态动词+动词原形，在句子中做谓语，maybe 是副词，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首(perhaps)。18，stay up doing sth 熬夜做某事 1

16、9，stay/keep healthy be in good/bad/poor health be good/bad for one s health 20，at least=no less than at most=no more than 21，ask sb about sth ask sbnotto do sth ask sb for help/advice/information 22，the result of的结果 as a result 结果 23，be surprised that/be surprised at/be surprised to do 对很惊讶 To one s

17、 surprise 另某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地 24，the answer to the question，a key to the door，a ticket to the ball game 25，although=though 与 but 不能连用 -4-Even though/if 即使，尽管 as though/if 仿佛，好似 26，by 介词+n/v-ing/代词 通过方式 by oneself 单独地 by the way 顺便问/说一下 by chance/accident 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 learn by heart 记住 27，t

18、he best way/time to do 做某事最好的方式/时间 28，4 个花费：人+spend/spends/spent+时间/钱+indoing sth/on sth spend time with sb 人+pay/pays/paid+钱+for sth It takes/took sb+时间+to do sth 物+cost/costs/cost+sb+钱 29，die v.死亡，消失 died 过去式 dead adj 死亡的，无生命的 dead dog have/has been dead for=diedago dying adj 垂死的，快死的 death n 死亡 th

19、e death of 30，before it s too late 趁来得及 31，“数字+percent of+n”作主语，谓语动词取决于 n Eg：Twenty percent of the students exercise every day.Twenty percent of time passes.32，no one=nobody 指人，答复 who，anyone，anybody 的提问 None 指人或物，可接 of 短语，all 3答复 how many/much，any，及有特定范围which的提问 nothing 指物，答复 what，anything 的提问 Unit

20、3 I m more outgoing than my sister.1，比较级，最高级变化规则 一般在词尾+er 或 est；以 e 结尾的加 r 或 st；重读闭音节双写辅音字母+er 或 est；辅音字母+y 结尾的，改 y 为 i+er 或 est；多音节词和部分双音节词，加 more 或 most。不规则变化见书本 P114 2，比较级用法 基本句型：主语+be+比较级+than+比较对象 两者相比较用比较级 eg：Who do you think is more outgoing，Lily or Lucy？Very，more，quite，so，too 等修饰原级；much，a li

21、ttle，a lot，a bit，far，even 等修饰比较级 eg：Im much/a little/a lot/a bit/far more outgoing than my sister.Im even worse now.不能与人或事物自身相比较 eg：He is taller than any other student in his class.China is larger than any country in Africa.比较对象要一致that 代替不可数名词，those 代替可数名词复数，所有格，ones -5-eg：The weather in Harbin is m

22、uch colder than that in Wuhan.The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.My bike is newer than Tom s.比较级中出现 of the two/twins 结构时，adj 比较级前要+the，不可用 than Eg：Tom is the taller of the two brothers.“get/become+比较级+and+比较级”表示“变得越来越”多音节或部分双音节用“more and more+原级 Eg:It gets warmer and warm

23、er when spring comes.You re getting more and more beautiful.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，就越”Eg:The more you exercise,the stronger you will be.“Asas”中间接原级，表示“与一样”，否认为“not as/soas”表示“不如”Eg:He is as tall as his father.He is not as/so tall as his father.“比较级+than”(more/less+原级+than)与“not as/soas”可以互换 Eg:I m ta

24、ller than you.Chinese is more important than Biology.Youre shorter than me.Biology is less important than Chinese You re not as/so tall as me.Biology is not as/so important as Chinese 比大/多/长/宽几倍，用“主语+be+times+比较级+than+比较对象”Eg:Our classroom is twice larger than yours.重几斤，高几公分，大几岁，用“主语+be+数量词+比较级+than

25、+比较对象”Eg:I m six years older than you.3，loudly 大声地，响亮地多含噪音之意 aloud 大声地，出声地强调出声read aloud call aloud for help loud 大声地，高声地，常与 speak，shout，laugh，talk 连用 响亮的，大声的 loud voice 4，fast 强调速度快 run/drive fast quickly 强调动作、行动快 soon 强调时间间隔短 5，competition 体育，书法，朗读，音乐等比赛 match 体育竞技比赛，球类比赛 race 速度方面的竞赛，赛跑，赛龙舟等 6，wi

26、n+比赛，奖项 beat+人，团队 7，ago 以前，用于一般过去时，放在一段时间后 before 在以前，通常用于完成时，放在时间点或事件之前 8，the same asbe different from be similar to=be like 9，be good at+V-ing=do well in 擅长于 be good for 对有益 be bad for 对有害 be good to 对友好 good 可用 friendly，nice，kind 替换 be good with 和相处好=get on/along well with 10，true/truly 指故事、说法、答案

27、等与标准事实、实际情况相符 real/really 指人或事客观存在，不是想象的 11，take care of=look after 照顾 -6-care for 照料、关心某人，喜欢某人、某物 care about 关心，计较，在乎 12，make sb do sth make sb/sth+adj make me happy make sb+n.We made him monitor.make sb+过去分词 She spoke aloud to make herself heard.make it 约定时间，做成某事，及时抵达 Let s make it at 10:00.Don t

28、worry.He ll make it.13，both 位置：行前 be 后 both of them/us=they/we both both 作主语，谓语动词用复数 not both 为部分否认，全部否认要用 eithernot 或者 neither bothand=not onlybutalso 否认为：neithernor 14，be popular with sb 受某人欢送 be popular in/at 在某地受欢送 15，it is+adj+for sb+to do sth adj 修饰 to do sthIt is important for me to learn Eng

29、lish.it is+adj+of sb+to do sth adj 修饰 sb It is kind/friendly/nice of you to help me.16，bring out 使显现出 17，share sth with sb 和某人分享 18，other“其他的，另外的”，后接名词复数，有时 other+n 复数=others another“又一个，另一个”，泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个，后接名词单数。the other“两者中的另一个”，常与 one 连用，“onethe other”表示“一个，另一个”19，heart learn sth by heart 用

30、心记 lose heart 灰心 20，break the law/rules/world record 违法/违规/打破世界纪录 Break off 打断 break away from 摆脱，脱离 break into 破门而入 break in 插嘴 Break down 出故障 break out 爆发 break up 散火 break one s words 食言 Have a break/rest 休息会儿 21，laugh 发笑 laugh at 嘲笑 Smile 微笑 smile at 对微笑 22，定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代

31、词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词位于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。定语从句的关系词引导定语的关系代词有：that,who(whom,whose),which;关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语，且不能省略有：when,where,why 等。关系词的选择主要取决于两个因素：(1)先行词是什么(2)先行词在定语从句中作什么成分。关系代词that，who，which，whose，whom 引导的定语从句。that/who 在从句中作主语，先行词为人。Eg：The girl that/who is reading is my sister.that/whi

32、ch 在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为物。Eg：The book that/which is on the desk belongs to Tom.(主)-7-He came back for the book that/which he had forgotten.宾 whose 在从句中作定语，先行词为人或物。Eg：This is the pencil whose point is broken.That is the girl whose mother died two years ago.whom/that 在从句中作宾语，先行词为人。Eg：The girl whom/that I sp

33、oke to is my cousin.关系副词when/where/why 引导的定语从句。When 在从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的词day/year/season 等。例如：我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。I shall never forget the day_I joined the League.解放军战士在人们最需要的时刻来到。The PLA men come at the time _ the people need them most.Where 在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的词place/town/home/house 例如：你还记得我们初次见面的地方吗

34、？Do you still remember the place _we first met?近来你去过你成长的小城吗？Have you been to the town _ you grew up recently?Why 在从句中作原因状语，其先行词是 reason。例如：没有人知道他为什么上学总迟到。Nobody knows the reason _ he is often late for school 23，call sb at+号码 24，information【UC】通过学习、阅读、观察等得到的信息、情报、资料侧重内容 news【UC】广播、电视等报道的新闻、消息强调新鲜、及时a

35、 piece of news message【C】口信、短信、信息强调传递take a message for sb leave a message to sb 25，who do you think should get the job？=in your opinion，who should get the job？Unit 4 What s the best movie theater？1，最高级的用法 用于三者或三者以上的比较 eg：Which do you like best，Chinese，Math or English？“one of+最高级+n.复数”表示“最之一”Eg：Lu X

36、un is one of the greatest writers last century.“the+序数词+最高级+n.单数+范围”表示“在范围内是第几”Eg：Hainan is the second largest island in China.先行词被最高级或序数词修饰，只能用 that 引导定语从句 Eg：My cousin is the funniest person that I know.This is the first letterthatI received from my sister.Of all+n.复数；of the+数3+n.复数；in/at+地点 2，Com

37、fort v.使舒适，抚慰 comfortable adj.舒适的(uncomfortable)comfortably adv.舒适地 3，Voice 嗓音说话声、歌声、笑声、鸟鸣声 in a low voice 小声地 Noise 杂音 Sound 任何可以听到的声音 4，be close to 靠近 -8-5，choose-chose choose from 从中选择 choose to do sth 选择做某事 6，Can I ask you some/a few questions?7，Welcome to+地点 8，So far=until now=up to now至今为止 9，A

38、round/near here=in the neighborhood 10，thanks for+n/V-ing Thanks for your help/thanks for helping me.Thanks for your invitation/thanks for inviting/asking me.Thank you/Thanks No problem/You re welcome/That s all right/Not at all/It s a pleasure/My pleasure/That s OK.11，talent n.天资，才能 talented adj.有天

39、赋的(untalented)Have a talent for(doing)sth.对做某事有天赋 12，around the world=all over the world 13，havein common 有相同特征 in common with 同一样 14，Kind of 相当于副词，修饰形容词或副词，意为“稍微，有点”，与 a little/bit 相近 A kind of 意为“一种”，some kinds of 意为“几种”，different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”，all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。这里的 kind 是“种，类，属”的意思。15，a

40、nd so on 等等 16，be up to 是的职责，由决定 be up to sb to do sth 应由某人做某事 17，play a role/part in doing sth 在中扮演角色，在中发挥作用，有影响 18，部分否认：all，both，everyone，everybody，everything，everywhere，every，each，always等与 not 连用表示部分否认。全 部 否 认：allnone，bothneither，everyoneno one/nobody/not anyone，everything nothing/not anything，ev

41、eryno，alwaysnever 19，make up 编造故事、谎话 20，takeseriously 认真对待 21，for example 例如 follow the example of 以为榜样 give an example 举例 set an example to 给树立榜样 such as 例如 22，come true 23，finish+n/v-ing 24，crowd v.拥挤 eg：They crowd into the room.n.人群 eg：There was a big crowd at the football match.A crowd of studen

42、ts are waiting for the bus Crowded adj.拥挤的.Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show？1，不定式做宾语：want/hope/expect/plan to do 2，Learnfrom 从学习 learn sth by heart 熟记 learn sth by oneself 自学 3，Plan to do sth/plan on sth 计划、打算做某事 Plan for sth 考虑到某事 make a plan for 为制定计划 4，Hope to do/hope that 希望 没有 hope sb to

43、 do 的表达 I hope so/I hope not -9-5，Happen to sb/sth 某人/物发生不幸的事 eg：What happened to him？Happen to do/it happens that 碰巧 Happen 偶然发生 take place 事先安排的、人为的发生 6，Expect(sb)to do/expect that 期待 7，One day 某天过去、将来some day 某天将来 the other day=a few days ago前几天 8，Mean v.意味着三单为 means Means n.方法、工具、手段 by means of

44、Meaning n.意义、含义 the meaning of Meaningless adj.毫无意义的 9，Mind v.介意 would/do you mind(one s)(not)doing sth?I don t mind them.make up one s mind 下决心 change one s mind 改变主意 never mind 没关系、不必担忧 keep in one s mind 记住 10，think of 认为、想起 think about 认为、考虑 think over 仔细考虑 11，be famous for 因为而著名 be famous as 作为

45、而著名 12，appear v.出现disappear 消失 appearance n.出现、露面、外表 13，come out 出版、发表，出来，开花 14，succeed v.成功 succeed in(doing)sth 成功地做某事 Success n.成功 Successful adj.成功的 be successful in(doing)sth 成功地做某事 Successfully adv.成功地 15，reason 结论性原因 cause 起因 excuse 借口 16，danger n.危险 be in great danger 处于极大危险中 out of danger 脱

46、离危险 endanger v.使遭遇危险，危及 dangerous adj.危险的 endangered adj.有灭绝危险的 17，luck n.运气lucky adj.幸运的unlucky 不幸的luckily adv.幸运地 18，be ready to do sth 愿意做某事 get ready to do sth 准备去做某事 get ready for 为做准备 19，a pair of+n 复数 做主语，谓语动词用单数 eg：A pair of glasses is enough for me.20，Take one s place to do sth 代替某人做某事 21，d

47、o a good job 干得好 22，wear 表状态，接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等 put on 表动作，接服装take off dress 表动作，接 sb/oneself get dressed 穿衣 dress up 盛装打扮 try on 试穿动副结构 try it on(be)in+颜色或衣服 eg：The girl in a red coat is my sister.Unit 6 I am going to study computer science 1，be going to 表将来计划、打算 肯定：主语+be going to+V 原 否认：主语+be not going

48、 to+V 原 疑问：be+主语+going to+V 原 There be 的将来时：there is/are going to be 2，practice doingsth -10-3，grow up 长大 4，keep doing sth 继续不断地做某事 Keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 Keep sb doing sth 使某人持续做某事 Keep sb from doing sth=stop sb(from)doing sth阻止某人做某事 5，be sure about/of+n/v-ing/代词 对确信，有把握 Make sure 确保 Be sure to do

49、 务必、一定 6，worry about be worried about 担忧 7，medicineUC take medicine 吃药 pillC药丸 Medical adj.医学的 medically adv.8，日期、月份、年份等前面有 next、last、this 等词语时，要省略前面的介词 on、in 9，send sth to 把寄往 send sth to sb=send sb sth Send sb to do 派人去做 send for 派人去请 send up发射 send out 分发 send off 寄出 10，be able to do 能够做某事 able a

50、dj.能够(disable)ability n.能力(disability)11，make promises 许诺 promise to do sth 12，at the beginning of 在的开始 13，improve one s life 改善某人的生活 improve oneself 提升自己 self-improvement n.14，write down 写下 动副结构 15，have to do with 关于，与有关 have nothing to do with 与无关 16，take up 培养，学着做，占用时间、空间 17，no+n 单数=not a/an+n 单数