2023年宾语从句精品讲义初中英语样例.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 宾语从句 适用学科 英语 适用年级 初三 适用区域 江苏译林牛津版教材 课时时长（分钟）1 课时/60 分钟 知识点 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的时态 教学目标 知识：1、掌握宾语从句的时态及语序。2、掌握宾语从句的常见引导词。3、掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则。方法：要牢记宾语从句的语序及时态变化规则，并能灵活运用。能力：1、能根据时态变化规则正确地判断宾语从句的时态。2、能通过语境及句子成分的分析，正确地判断出宾语从句的引导词。教学重点 1、宾语从句的常见引导词，如：what,which,who,where,how等。2、宾语从句的时态变化规

2、则 3、宾语从句的语序 教学难点 1、宾语从句的时态及引导词的正确使用 2、宾语从句的常见考点及易错点 教学过程 一、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学的人称物主代词，不定代词和疑问代词的用法，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对疑问代词具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的宾语从句。二、知识讲解 知识点 1：宾语从句的连接词的用法 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有：that;if;whether;what;which;who;whom;when;where;how;why等。1.【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时，用 that 引导。在口

3、语中 that 常被省略。如：I know(that)you are a student.2.【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用 if 或 whether 来引导。if,whether 意为“是否”，whether 还可以与 or not 连用。如：Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。3.【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。如：He didnt tell me where he was going.他没告诉我他想去哪儿。Can you tell me what he sai

4、d just now？学习必备 欢迎下载 你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗？知识点 2：宾语从句的语序 1.陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。如：She said,“I will leave a message on the desk.”她说她会在桌上留口信的。She said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。如：“Where are the tickets？”I asked him.我问他票在哪儿。I asked him wher

5、e the tickets were.注意：宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后 第一人称 与主句的主语一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语一致 第三人称 不变 知识点 3：宾语从句的时态 1.如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。如：Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？你能告诉我他在会上说什么。He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.他会告诉我

6、们他已经能告诉他自己。Tell him when we will finish our work.告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。2.【考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应与主句保持一致，用过去的某种时态。如：He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.他说他 1996 年出生于温州。They said that they had already seen the film.他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。3.【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。如：Everyone knew there

7、are 365 days in a year.大家都知道一年有 365 天。She said that two heads are better than one.她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答学习必备 欢迎下载 He said that the sun rises in the east.她说太阳从东边升起。知识点 4：宾语从句的否定前移【考查点】在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为 think,believe,ex

8、pect,imagine,suppose 等时，如果主句为 I 或 we 时，从句中表示否定意义的 not 应移到 think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose 等前。如：I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。注意：如果主句主语不是 I 或 we，则 not 不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。知识点 5：宾语从句的简化 1.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是 hope,wish,decide 等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：I

9、hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。2.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是 know,remember,forget,learn 等时，句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。3.【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是 ask,tell,show,teach 等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Mr Hu tell

10、s us that we should nt draw on the wall.Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？三、例题精析【例题 1】Could you tell me _ at the meeting?Sorry,I dont know.I didnt go to the meeting that day.A

11、.what does he say B.what he says C.what he said D.what did he say 【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，故排除 A 和D；下文：didnt go.that day判断时态应是一般过去时。故选 C。引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答学习必备 欢迎下载【例题 2】Could you tell me _ last night?Er,I was

12、 watching TV at home.A.what you were doing B.what were you doing C.what you are doing D.what are you doing【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，且 last night“昨晚”表达过去时间。故选 A。【例题 3】Well plant trees tomorrow,and I dont know _Tom will come and join us.A.if B.which C.what D.where 【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的连接

13、词。根据句意“我们明天要去植树，我不知道汤姆是否会来参加。”判断连接词为是否。if 意为“是否”。故选 A。【例题 4】Could you please tell me _？Sorry,you can turn to Mr.Lee for help.A.how long can man live without water B.whether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not C.how I can keep myself safe from the flu D.why did a serious landslide happen in Zhouqu

14、,Gansu Province 【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，排除 A 和 D；Could you please.用来表示语气委婉，并非表示过去时，因此从句的时态不必用过去将来时，排除 B。故选 C。四、课堂运用【基础】1-Could you tell us how long _?-About three days.A.does the sports meeting last B.the sports meeting last C.will the sports meeting last D.the sports meeting will l

15、ast 2I want to know_,A.what is his name B whats his name C.that his name is D.what his name is 3Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.A.that B.how C.such D.so 4I wonder _ they will come here with tomorrow.A.whether B.when C.who D.how 引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的

16、简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答学习必备 欢迎下载【巩固】5-Could you tell me _?-Im not sure.A.how many people have been out of hospital B.when is Thanksgiving C.which animal does he like best D.what time will the dolphin show start 6.-Can I help you?-Yes.Id like a ticket

17、 to Mount Emei.Can you tell me_ take to get there?A.how soon will it B.how soon it will C.how long it will D.how long will it 7.-Could you let me know _ yesterday?-Because the traffic was heavy.A.why did you come late B.why you came late C.why do you come late D.why you come late 【拔高】8A computer can

18、 only do _you have instructed it to do.A.how B.after C.what D.when 9The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that 10I think Father would like to know _ Ive been up to so far,so I decide to send him a quick note A.which B.why C.

19、what D.How 答案及解析 1D.考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序。2D.考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序。3B.题干中的“_important education is to their childrens future”应理解为：education 为主语，important 是 is 的表语；to their childrens future 是状语，所以空格处应为 how 修饰important。其实这个宾语从句是一个感叹句。4C.考查宾语从句的引导词。后面的with决定了用who。5A.考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序，B、C、D 均为疑问语序，故选 A

20、。6.C.how soon 一般用于指某事过多久后或到什么时候才发生，how long 一般用于指某事需持续多长时间。7.B.yesterday 表明宾语从句应用一般过去时，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。8.C.分析本句的结构可知，空白处应填的连词应作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do 的宾语。所以，该连接词应是连接代词。故应选 C。9.C.介词 at 之后是宾语从句，其中 I thought 是插入语。也可以把 what 分解为 a speed that 10.C.what 引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作短语 be up to 的宾语。引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导

21、词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答学习必备 欢迎下载 课程小结 本节课主要围绕宾语从句的三大考点进行讲解，即：宾语从句的时态、宾语从句的语序及引导词。需要重点掌握的是宾语从句的时态变化规则及如何正确使用宾语从句的引导词。此外，在初中阶段也会经常接触到宾语从句的否定前移和宾语从句的简化，尤其在单选和句型转换等题型中，因此，这两个考点也需要重点掌握。近年中考对语法点的考查往往是与语境想结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识。课后作业【基础】1.Well plant trees tomor

22、row,and I dont know _ Tom will come and join us.A.if B.which C.what D.where 2.Could you please tell me _？Sorry,you can turn to Mr.Lee for help.A.how long can man live without water B.whether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not C.how I can keep myself safe from the flu D.why did a serious landslid

23、e happen in Zhouqu,Gansu Province 3.Can you tell me _ after this exam?A.what you did B.what did you do C.what will you do D.what you will do 4.Ive decided to go to London next weekend.I was wondering _ you could go with me.A.if B.when C.that D.where 【巩固】5.Do you know _ World Water Day is?On March 22

24、nd.A.when B.where C.what D.which 6.We want to know _to help them.A.what can we do B.what we can do C.how can we do D.how we can do 7.Jenny is on holiday now.I wonder _.A.when she will come back B.when she came back C.when will she come back D.when did she come back 8.He said that light _much faster

25、than sound.引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答学习必备 欢迎下载 A.has travelled B.went C.travels D.travelled 【拔高】9.Can you tell me_？His home is quite far away from the office，I think.Awhen he got up Bwhere he works Cwhy he bought the car Dhow he like

26、s his job 10.The policeman asked the small girl _.Awhy she was crying Bwhy was she crying Cwhy she is crying Dwhy is she crying 答案及解析 1.A.本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据句意“我们明天要去植树，我不知道汤姆是否会来参加。”判断连接词为是否。if 意为“是否”。故选 A。2.C.本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，排除 A 和 D；Could you please.用来表示语气委婉，并非表示过去时，因此从句的时态不必用过去将来时，排除B。

27、故选 C。3.D.本题考查宾语从句的时态和语序。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除 B 和 C，由句意“你能告诉我考试结束后做什么吗？”可知问的是将来做的事情。故选 D。4.A.本题考查考查宾语从句连接词。由“我已经决定下个周末去伦敦。我想知道你是不是能和我一起去。”故用 if 引导。5.A.本题考查宾语从句连词。从回答“on March 22th”可知，这连词表示时间。故选 A。6.B.本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除 A 和 C。句意：我们想做点什么来帮助他们，故选 B。7.A.本题考查考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除 C 和 D，句意为“珍妮现在在度假。我想知道她什么

28、时候回来，”可知到现在没有回来，从句用一般将来时表示。故选 A。8.C.考查宾语从句的时态，如果从句讲述的客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，要用一般现在时。句意：他说“光比声传播的速度快”。故选 C。9.C.本题考查宾语从句。由答语“我认为他的家离办公室相当远。”知上句是询问他买车的原因，故选 C。10.A.本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除 B、D 两项；主句用了一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态，故选 A。课后评价 引导词掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则方法要牢记宾语引导词宾语从句的常见引导词如等宾语从句的时态变化规则教学难点宾疑问代词的用法以提问回顾的形式进行针上节课的作业进行讲评订正答