2023年完整全国卷1英语试卷及超详细解析超详细解析超详细解析答案.pdf

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1、第 1 页 共 9 页 2016 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标 I)第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）A You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860-1935

2、)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addans helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel

3、 Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it weren t for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O Conno

4、r(1930-present)When Sandra Day O Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and,in 1981,the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court.O Connor gave the deciding vote in many i

5、mportant cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicke

6、d off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,”said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her lack of proper training in law.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.第 2 页 共 9 页 22.What is the reason for O Connor s being r

7、ejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day O Connor.D.Rosa Par

8、ks 24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated.B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers.D.They are peace-lovers.B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third generation native of Brownsville,Texas,Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughte

9、r and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children,she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in

10、separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House

11、 to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents com.83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama s family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wil

12、d and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby,publisher of Grand,a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them,especially when youre rai sing children.”Moving is not f

13、or everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices,but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard,especially knowing your adult child is struggling,but giving up the life you kn

14、ow may be harder.短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 3 页 共 9 页 25.Why was Garza s move a success?AIt strengthened her family ties.BIt improved her living conditions.CIt enabled her

15、make more friends.DIt helped her know more new places.26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson s decision?A17%expressed their support for it.BFew people responded sympathetically.C83%believed it had a bad influence.DThe majority thought it was a trend.27.What did Crosby say about peopl

16、e in the 1960s?AThey were unsure of themselves.BThey were eager to raise more children.CThey wanted to live away from their parents.DThey had little respect for their grandparents.28.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A.Make decisions in the best interests of thei

17、r own B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them C.Sacrifice for their struggling children D.Get to know themselves better C I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem courier.Since March 2012,Ive done 89 trips of those,51 have been abroad,I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because

18、 Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last,in all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient,we ve got 72 hours at most,So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I

19、picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:”Well,I m really sorry,I ve got some bad news for you-there are no flights from Washington.”So I took my box and

20、put it on the desk and I said:”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please,please,you ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华

21、暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 4 页 共 9 页 everything.She arranged for a flight on a small place to be held for me,re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job,you re consciously aware than that box you re got something that

22、 is potentially going to save somebody s life.29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier”in Paragraph17 A provider B delivery man C collector D medical doctor 30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.B.The donor can

23、 only wait for that long.C.The operation needs that very much.D.The ice wont last any longer.31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A.To London B.To Newark C.To Providence D.To Washington D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty

24、when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it a

25、s necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what maybe implied(暗示)is

26、that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For

27、example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,perso

28、ns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 5 页 共 9 页 authority.Nurses and other care-give

29、rs need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessa

30、rily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is con

31、tent-based.33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its

32、 harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.35.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and Silence B.What It Means to Be Silent C.Silence to Native Americans D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes(密码)keep me

33、ssages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.36 Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is c

34、alled cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.37 For example,the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”Spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number,For example,Let s number the letters of the alphabet,in order,from 1 to 26.If we sub

35、stitute a number for each letter,the message“Meet 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 6 页 共 9 页 me”would read“13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases,or sentences

36、.To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book.39 For example,“bridge”might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”40 However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very ha

37、rd to break a code without the code book.B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

38、F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers,Inc.One morning i

39、n 2009,Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 .Suddenly,he saw a car with its bright lights on.43 he got closer,he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road.One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle.Larry pulled over,set the brake and 47 the fire e

40、xtinguisher(灭火器).Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call.They 50 heard a woman s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.51 the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broke

41、n window.They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived,53 she thought the car was going to 54 .Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrive,Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work

42、.Then,Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go.They let him and 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 7 页 共 9 页 the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the

43、 call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle!His 60 most likely saved the woman s life.41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 A.walking A.passengers A.Since A.each A.flames A.used A.got hold of A.came down A.returned A.then A.Starting A.quiet A.for A.explode A.as if

44、A.stepped forward A.woman A.forbidden A.for certain A.patience B.touring B.colleagues B.Although B.another B.smoke B.disabled B.prepared B.came through B.received B.again B.Parking B.still B.so B.slip away B.unless B.backed off B.police B.ready B.for consideration B.skills C.traveling C.employers C.

45、As C.that C.water C.removed C.took charge of C.came in C.made C.finally C.Passing C.away C.and C.fall apart C.in case C.moved on C.man C.asked C.reported C.efforts Drushing D.customers D.If D.his D.steam D.abandoned D.controlled D.came over D.confirmed D.even D.Approaching D.calm D.but D.crash D.aft

46、er D.set out D.driver D.free D.checked D.promise 第三部分 英语知识运用 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）语法填空 Chengdu has dozens of new mil lionaires,Asias biggest building,and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me,pandas are its top_61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for

47、-profit Panda Base,where 短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项密码落后第页共页第三部分英语知识运用共两题每小题分满分分语法填空第四部分写作共两节满分第一节短文改错分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文第二节书面表达满分分假定你是李华暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职已写好申请书和个人简历给外教写信请她帮你修改所第 8 页 共 9 页 ticket money helps pay for research,I_62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.F

48、rom tomorrow,I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be _63_(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,_65_ I was the first Western TV reporter_66_(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from

49、starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include _67_(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit,I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_(it)mother.The nursery team

50、 switches him every few _69_(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,_70_ other is with mum-she never suspects.第四部分 写作（共两节 满分 35）第一节 短文改错（10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I love.T