2023年小学英语全部知识点归纳总结复习精华版.pdf

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1、 1 英语复习小结 一、名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。1、可数名词有单数、复数之分，名词复数形式的构成规则：(1)一般在名词词尾加“s”如：teacherteachers egg-egg s (2)以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的名词加 es 如 class-classes box-boxes bus-buses watch-watches (3)以辅音字母+y 的名词变 y 为 i 再加 es 如：story-stor ies library-librar ies,dictionary-dictionar ies hobby-hobb ies(4)以 f,fe 结尾的名词，变 f,fe 为 v

2、 加 es 如：life-li ves leaf-lea ves half-hal ves knife-kni ves wolf-wol ves wife-wi ves(5)以 o 结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加 es hero-hero es mango-mango es potato-potato es tomato-tomato es 其 余 加 s（目 前 所 学 的 词）zoo-zoos kilo-kilos radioradios photo-photos piano-pianos (6)不规则名词单复数形式 如：child children woman-women man-m

3、en foot-feet tooth-teeth 有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese，Chinese，sheep,如：I have one sheep.He has two sheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式 不可数名词有：(1)milk,water,juice,tea,ice;(2)food,rice,meat,fish,chicken,bread,cheese(3)paper,newspaper,hair,time,money,homework,housework 不可数名词的数量常表示如下 two bottles of milk a cup of juice half

4、 a kilo of cheese a bag of rice three kilos of meat some water 二、人称代词 人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them 我 我们 你,你们 他 她 它 他们 We are going to have a picnic.Let us go.I miss everyone in China.Who can help me?What is he doing?He is trying to get on

5、 the bus.Look at him.She can t hear.This dog helps her.Tell me more about the Great Wall.三物主代词 物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词 的含义 2 形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers its theirs 我的 我们的 你的，你 们的 他的 她的 它的 他 们的 This is my book.

6、=This book is mine.This is his bag.=This bag is his.Your watch is old,but hers is new.Thanksgiving is my favourite festival.We say“Thank you”for our food,family and friends.四、疑问词 who 谁 what 什么 when 什么时候 what time 几点 where 哪里 why 为什么 how 怎样 how much 多少 how many 多 少 how old 多 大 whose 谁的 what colour 什么

7、颜色 how long 多长 1.对人物提问用 who Who gave it to you?Simon s family gave it to me.Who can help me?I can help you.2.对事物或做某事提问用 what What do you want?I want a hot dog.What are you doing?I am reading a book.What are you going to study?I m going to study English.What are you going to do?We re going to walk ar

8、ound the lake.What s it about?It s about animals.3.对时间提问用 when When are you going to eat?We re going to eat at half past twelve.When was he born?He was born in 1809.4.对点钟提问用 what time What time is it?It s twelve.What time do you get up?I get up at six o clock.5.对地点提问用 where Where was he born?He was

9、born in France.Where are you?I am on the train.Where s your mum?She s at the supermarket.6.对原因提问用 why Why are you wearing a raincoat?Because it s going to rain.7.对身体状况或方式提问用 how How are you?I m fine.3 How are you going to go to school?I m going to go to school by bus.8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用 how much How m

10、uch is it?It s thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.How much milk do you want?I want two bottles of milk.9.对可数名词的数量提问用 how many How many books are there on the desk?There are three books on the desk.10.对年龄提问用 how old How old are you?I m twelve.11.对“某人的”提问用 whose Whose cap is this?It s Amy s cap.Wh

11、ose pen is that?It s his pen.12.对颜色提问用 what colour What colour is it?It s black.13.对星期提问用 what day What day is it today?It s Monday.14.How long is it?It s about six thousand seven hundred kilometers.特殊疑问句语序：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？例：How do you go to school?疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词+?例：Who gave it to you?五时态 1.一般过去时 表示过去某个时

12、间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如 yesterday（昨天）,last week（上周）,last month（上个月）,last year（去年）,two months ago（两个月前）等。构成：(1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+He made a video.否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+He didn t make a video.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+.?Did he make a video?(2)be 动词用 was,were.否定句在 was,were 后加 not.一般疑问句把 was,were提前到句首。She was born in

13、 America.She was not born in America.Was she born in America?2.现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作 构成：主语+am/is/are+现在分词+The birds are singing in the trees.否定句在 am/is/are 后加 not.The birds are not singing in the trees.一般疑问句把 am/is/are 提前到句首。Are the birds singing in the trees?3.一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如

14、tomorrow(明天),next week（下周）,next year（明年）等。构成：(1)主语+will+动词原形+He will pick up the apples.否定句在 will 后加 not.He will not pick up the apples.一般疑问句把 will 提前到句首。Will he pick up the apples?(2)主语+be going to+动词原形+We are going to study French.否定句在 am/is/are 后加 not.We are not going to study French.一般疑问句把 am/is

15、/are 提前到句 4 首。Are you going to study French?4.一般现在时 表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。构成：（1）主语+am/is/are+否定句在am/is/are 后加not.一般疑问句把 am/is/are 提前到句首。Helen Keller is a model for blind people and for you and me.(2)肯定句：主语+动词原形+The ducks like it.否定句：主语+dont+动词原形+The ducks don t like it.一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+.?Do the ducks l

16、ike it?(3)肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+He likes noodles.否定句：主语+doesnt+动词原形+He doesn t like noodles.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+.?Does he like noodles 六动词过去式形式 规则动词的过去式构成 1.一般在动词词尾加 ed 如：work-worked play-played watch-watched 2.以 e 结尾动词在词尾加 d 如：live-lived 3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，把 y 变为 i 再加ed 如：study-studied copy-copied cry-

17、cried carry-carried 4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed，如：stop-stopped drop-dropped 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。动词原形 动词过去式 动词原形 动词过去式 go went come came become became bring brought say said put put teach taught can could read read give gave am/is was are were do did fly flew have had make made run ran see saw ride rode

18、win won get got tell told eat ate send sent take took buy bought sit sat meet met write wrote draw drew swim swam fly flew rink drank give gave ring rang fall fell 七动词 ing 形式也是现在分词形式 现在分词的构成规则 1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”sleep-sleeping look-looking wear-wearing send-sending eat-eating sing-singing go-going jum

19、p-jumping 5 play-playing 2.以不发音的 e 结尾的动词要去掉 e 再加上“ing”write-writing come-coming ride-riding have-having make-making shine-shining take-taking close-closing 3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”get-getting put-putting sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming skip-skipping shop-shopping 八动词第三人称单数形式 动词第三人称单数的构成规则 1大多数动词在

20、词尾加“S”.stopstops makemakes readreads playplays say sei says sez 2以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”flyflies carrycarries studystudies worry worries 3以“s,x,sh，ch,o”结尾，在词尾加“es”.teachteaches watchwatches go goes do-does 九、情态动词 can 过去式 could 后加动词原形 I can write English.I can carry this bag.I can help you.

21、We can always be friends.Later she could read and write.否定句在 can,could 后加 not can not=can t could not=couldn t We can t go now.I can t write Chinese.I can t carry everything.His friends can t hear him.She couldn t see and she couldn t hear.一般疑问句把 can,could 提前到句首。Can you swim?Yes,I can./No,I can t.Ca

22、n you speak English?Can I write to your friends?Can you be my Chinese pen friend?Yes,of course.十反义词 big-small long-short new-old tall-short young-old heavy-light easy-hard/difficult up-down early-late fat-thin white-black cry-laugh different-same inside-outside hot-cold happy-sad good-bad clean-dirt

23、y bring-take this-that these-those always-never woman-man 十一、同音词 for-four son-sun hour-our too-two right-write eye-I aren t-aunt sent-cent where-wear their-there by-buy see-sea 十二.、近义词 6 good-well study-learn 十三、缩写形式与完全形式 I am=I m he is=he s she is=she s it is=it s that is=that s what is=what s let

24、us=let s we are=we re they are=they re you are=you re can not=can t could not=couldn t should not=shouldn t will not=won t I ll=I will we ll=we will do not=don t does not=doesn t did not=didn t it has got=it s got I have got=I ve got have not=haven t has not=hasn t are not=aren t is not=isn t 十四、小学英

25、语分类单词和词组 天气：rain 下雨 snow 下雪 rainy 有雨的 snowy 有雪的 hot 炎热的 cold 寒冷的 warm 温暖的 cool 凉爽的 windy 有风的 sunny 晴朗的 食物：hamburger 汉堡 hot dog 热狗 sandwich 三明治 chip 薯条 chicken 鸡肉 fish 鱼肉 meat 肉 noodles 面条 rice 大米 soup 汤 cake 蛋糕 bread 面包 cheese 奶酪 vegetable蔬 菜 fruit 水 果 sausage 香肠 biscuit 饼干 sweets 糖果 ice cream 冰激凌 p

26、eanut 花生 饮料：milk 牛奶 tea 茶 orange juice 橙汁 coffee 咖啡 cola 可乐 water 水 juice 果汁 颜色：red 红色的 green 绿色的 yellow 黄色的 black黑色的 white 白色的 orange 橙色的 blue 蓝色的 purple 紫色的 pink 粉红色的 星期：Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日 月份：January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April四月

27、May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August八月 September 九月 October 十月 November十一月 December 十二月 季节：spring 春天 summer 夏天 autumn 秋天 winter冬天 数字：one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六 seventeen 十七 eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 tw

28、enty 二十 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 sixty 六十 seventy 七十 eighty 八十 ninety 九十 one hundred 一百 one thousand 一千 one million 一百万 7 衣服：T-shirt T 恤衫 dress 裙子 sweater 毛衣 trousers裤子 skirt 短裙 sock 袜子 shoe 鞋 coat 外套，上衣 动物：cat 猫 dog 狗 monkey 猴 panda 熊猫 elephant 大象 tiger 老虎 lion 狮子 pig 猪 chameleon 变色龙 snake 蛇 mou

29、se老 鼠 bear 熊 kangaroo 袋鼠 frog 青蛙 parrot 鹦鹉 bird 鸟 owl 猫头鹰 camel 骆驼 家庭成员：grandmother奶 奶 grandfather爷 爷 grandparents 祖父母 mother 妈妈 father 爸爸 parents 父母亲 brother 兄弟 sister 姐妹 uncle 叔，伯，舅 aunt 阿姨 cousin 表兄弟 学科：Chinese 语文 English 英语 Math 数学 PE 体育 Art 艺术 Science 科学 Physics 物理 Chemistry 化学 History 历史 Geogr

30、aphy 地理 节日：Flag Day国 旗 日 Thanksgiving Day感 恩 节 Halloween万 圣 节 Easter Festival复 活 节 Christmas 圣诞节 Spring Festival 春节 Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 名胜景点：Big Ben 大本钟 the River Thames 泰晤士河 Hyde Park 海德公园 Tower Bridge 塔桥 the London Bridge 伦敦桥 the British Museum 大英博物

31、馆 the London Eye 伦敦眼 the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园 the Changjiang River 长江 the West Lake 西湖 the Huangshan Mountain 黄山 The Ming Tombs 明十三陵 Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰 球类：play football 踢足球 play basketball 打篮球 play baseball 打棒球 play table tennis 打乒乓球 play volleyball 打排球 棋类：play chess 下象棋 乐器：play th

32、e guitar 弹吉他 play the drums 敲鼓 play the zither 弹吉他 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the flute 吹笛子 play the trumpet 吹小号 体育运动：have a Sports Day举行 运 动会 do morning exercises 做早操 do Taijiquan 打太极拳 do the high jump 跳远 do the long jump 跳高 run the 100 meters 跑一百米 run fast 跑得快 jump high 跳高 jump long 跳远 swim 游泳 go swi

33、mming 去游泳 skip 跳绳 control the ball 控制球 catch the ball 接球 row a boat 划船 生日：Happy Birthday!生日快乐 make a birthday card制作生日卡片 have a birthday party 举办生日派对 have a great birthday 过愉快的生日 交通工具：by bus 乘公共汽车 by car 乘小汽车 by bike 骑自行车 by plane 乘飞机 by ship 乘轮船 by train 坐 8 火车 on foot 步行 词组：fly kites 或者fly a kite

34、放风筝 go to see films 去看电影 watch TV 看电视 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 have a picnic 吃野餐 go to school 去上学 go home 回家 go to the park 去公园 go to middle school 去上中学 go to bed 去睡觉 go there 去那里 go shopping 去购物 go to the doctor 去看病 say goodnight 道晚安 fly away 飘走 make a video 制作录像 make mistakes 犯错误 write a letter 写

35、信 write a book 写书 take pictures=take photos 照相 listen to music 听音乐 read a book读书 read stories 读故事 do homework 做作业 make a cake 做蛋糕 make dumplings 做饺子 wash clothes 洗衣服 make an e-card 制作电子卡片 ride a horse 骑马 climb mountains 爬山 climb trees 爬树 have a lovely time玩的开心 ask questions 问问题 make a list 列清单 shopp

36、ing list 购物单 collect stamps 收集邮票 sing songs 唱歌 turn left 向左转 clean the classroom 打扫教室 eat fast food 吃快餐 turn right向 右 转 go straight on直 走 have a cold 感冒 have a headache头疼 have breakfast 吃早餐 have lunch 吃午餐 have supper 吃晚餐=have dinner have a baseball team 组建棒球队 come on 加油 come in 进来 come from 来自=be fr

37、om come back 回来 click on 点击 go up the hill 上山 go down the hill 下山 play with dolls 玩洋娃娃 find out 查找 be good at 擅长 bring back 归还 out of 往外 of course当然可以 in English 用英语 all over the world=all around the world 全世界 stand up 起立 sit down 坐下 at the weekend 在周末 notat all 一点也不 get up 起床 get on 上车 get off 下车 i

38、n a hurry 匆忙 next to 挨着 turn on the light 打开灯 point to 指向 talk about 谈论 talk to sb 和某人谈话 give out分发 write to sb给某人写信 say hello to sb 向某人打招呼 缩写：the PRC=the People s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the USA=the United States of America 美国 the UN=the United Nations 联合国 the UK=the United Kingdom 英国 现在进行时和动词的现在

39、分词 现在进行时 动词的现在进行时由 be 的现在时形式“am/is/are+现在分词”构成，主要用于以下几方面。（1）用来表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。例如：What are you doing?We are playing basketball.你们在干什么？我们在打篮球。（2）有时用来表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。例如：Are they working hard this term?9 这学期他们在努力学习吗？We are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天我们正在农场摘苹果。（3）表示即将发生的动作（如在最近按计划或安排好

40、要进行的动作）。Come,go,leave,start,arrive等动词常与将来时间的状语连用表示这种意义。例如：They are going to Shanghai this Friday.他们这个星期要去上海。Tom is coming here next week.汤姆下周要来这儿。（4）说明:不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态 现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式及特殊疑问句 1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/is/are)+doing+其他成分 I am singing.They are writing.2)现

41、在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+doing+其他成分 I am not singing.They arent writing.3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分 Are you singing?Yes,I am./No,I m not.Are they writing?Yes,they are./No,they arent.4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分 What are you doing?We are playing(要求就提问内容具体回答).缩写形式如下:I

42、am-Im You are-Youre He is-Hes She is-Sh es It is-Its We are-Were They are-Theyre 动词的ing 形式的构成 （1）一般在动词原形末尾加ing。例如：workworking,studystudying.（2）以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，先去掉 e，再加ing。例如:have having,live living.（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如结尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写出这一字母，再加ing。例如：runrunning,stopstopping,forgetforgetting,beginbeginning.

43、10 练习题 一、写出下列动词的现在分词。walk jump watch send sing ride write have make take dance drive come shine see run swim sit shop get skip put go play stop 二、用现在进行时完成下列句子:1._you_(fly)a kite now?Yes,_.2.The boy (draw)a picture now.3.Listen!The children (read)books in the classroom.4.We_(play)football now.5.What_

44、 you_(do)now?6.Listen!The girl_(sing)an English song.7.Look!They (dance)in the music room.8.Its 6 o clock now.We dinner now.9.Look!These boys _(play)tennis on the playground.10.My mother is _(cook)in the kitchen.11.Now she (shop)at the supermarket.12.In this photo,Amy (clean)the room.13.They (not sw

45、im)now.14.“Mary (wash)clothes?”“Yes,she is.”15.Look at your grandpa.He (water)flowers.16.She (play)now.17.We (sit)on the beach now.18.Dont come in!I (take)a bath.19.The cat （run）in the garden now.20.Look!The bird (fly)in the sky.三、选择 1.Look！Lucy is_ _ a new bike today.A.jumping B.running C.riding D

46、taking 2.The children _ football.11 A.is playing B.are playing C.play the D.play a 3.They _TV in the evening.They do their homework.A.are watching B.cant watching C.dont watch D.dont watching 4.Listen!She_ in the classroom.A.is singing B.sing C.to sing D.is sing 5._are you eating?Im eating _ meat.A.

47、What,some B.Which,any C.Where,not D.What,a 6.Is she _ something?A.eat B.eating C.eatting D.eats 7.Look!The children_ basketball on the playground.A.plays B.played C.is playing D.are playing 8.Jack and Ketty_ in the lake.Lets join them,shall we?A.swim B.have swum C.swam D.are swimming 9.Its six in th

48、e afternoon.The Greens_ lunch together.A.has B.are having C.have had D.had had 10.I on the chair now.A.is sitting B.am sitting C.am siting 11.She ball now.A.is play B.plays C.is playing 12.Tom on the bed.A.are jumping B.is jumping C.is jump 13.My parents in the kitchen.A.is cooking B.are cooking C.c

49、ooks 14.Listen!The baby .A.cry B.cries C.is crying 15.The cat in the garden.A.is running B.is runing C.run 16.Linda now.A.is smile B.is smileing C.is smiling 17.Look!The bird .A.is fly B.flying C.is flying 18.Dont bother me!I .A.work B.is working C.am working 19.Dont come in!She .A.take a bath B.is

50、takeing a bath C.is taking a bath 20.Elva juice now.A.drinks B.is drinking 21.Tom his teeth now.12 A.brush B.brushes C.is brushing D.will brush 22.He now.A.smoke B.smokes C.is smoking D.will smoke 23.Look!That girl .A.dance B.dances C.is dancing D.will dance 24.Listen!The baby .A.cry B.cries C.is cr