2023年定语从句专项讲解.pdf

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1、精品资料 欢迎下载 定语从句专项讲解 提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。举例:This is a beautiful flower.（形容词作定语，置前）This is a flower in the garden.（介词短语作定语，置后）This is the flower which you gave to me.（定语从句作定语，置后）先行词 关系词 定语从句 定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+其他 关系词的用法:1.关系词的分类：1）关系代词：who,whom,which,that,whose 2）关系副词：when,wh

2、ere,why(作状语)2.关系代词在句中充当成分 关系代词 who whom that which whose 充当成分 主、宾（可省）、表 宾语 主、宾（可省）、表 主、宾(可省)、表 定语 导入 知识点梳理 精品资料 欢迎下载 3.关系代词的详细用法 who,whom的用法 1)who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。The girl who is in red is Lily.(作_,不可省）I like the person who you are talking to.(作_,可用 whom/that 替换或者省略)You are who you are.(作_,不可省

3、)2)whom 在句中作宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略 I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作_,可省)I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.（_后面不可省）whose 的用法 whose 的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语，whose=the n.+of which/whom e.g.This is the scientist whose achievements are well

4、 known.(whose 指人)=This is the scientist,_ the achievements are well known.e.g.I d like a room whose window faces the sea.（whose 指物）=I d like a room _ the window faces the sea.that 和 which 的用法 1)限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。that 指人或物，which 指物不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省，主语不能。His father works in a factory that/which makes

5、TV sets.(作_,不可省)先行词 人 人 人或物 物 人或物 温馨提示：关系代词 whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词+whom 引出，此时 whom不能省略。代词的从句叫做定语从句结构先行词关系词其他关系词的用法关系词的下载关系代词的详细用法的用法在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语作宾语宾语时常由介词引出此时不能省略的用法的先行词既可指人也可指物在精品资料 欢迎下载 The coat _ I put on the desk is black.（作_,_）The room in _ I live is very big.=The room _ I live in is very bi

6、g.2）只用 that“人物最不避人物”“人物”that 既可指人，也可指物 Is this the museum that you visited the other day?(指_,可用_)Jack is no longer the person that I met five years ago.（指_,可用_、_）“最”极端修饰：最高级、序数词、the only,the same,the same 等 This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city.(先行词被_修饰)The first thing that we

7、 should do now is to find a local guide.（先行词被_修饰）“不”不定代词(all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,等)All the apples _that_ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.There is not much _ ought to be done right now.(先行词为_)He did everything could help us.(先行词为_)(10 全国 2)I re

8、fuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.A.which B.whose C.who D.that “避”避免重复 Who is the person that is standing at the school gate?（前有_）哪辆自行车是你弄丢的那辆？_ is the bike _ you lost?“人物”先行词有人也有物 Tell us about the people and the places _that are different from ours.Im going to talk a

9、bout the countries and people that I have visited.（先行词是_）注意：(先行词为物，在介词后面用 which）代词的从句叫做定语从句结构先行词关系词其他关系词的用法关系词的下载关系代词的详细用法的用法在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语作宾语宾语时常由介词引出此时不能省略的用法的先行词既可指人也可指物在精品资料 欢迎下载 3)只用 which 在非限制性定语从句中 She lost the game,which depressed her greatly.Tokyo,_ is the capital of Japan,sees great change

10、s every day.在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前。The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.The pen with _ you are writing is Jeffs.如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用 that，后一个宜用 which Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.Step 1:找出先行词，判断指人指物 Step 2:判断定语从句中缺什么成分（主语、

11、宾语、表语、定语）Step 3:选择合适的关系代词。1.This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.This 2.The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.解题思路 即学即练 代词的从句叫做定语从句结构先行词关系词其他关系词的用法关系词的下载关系代词的详细用法的用法在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语作宾语宾语时常由介词引出此

12、时不能省略的用法的先行词既可指人也可指物在精品资料 欢迎下载 A.that B.whose C.which D.as 4.Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?A.the one B.that C.where D.this 5.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A.which B.that C./D.it 6.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to

13、the police.A.which B.in which C.that D.all 7.Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday.A.which B.whom C.whose D.this 8.This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.A.who B.whom C.which D./9.The man _ was here just now is a doctor.A.whom B.who C./D.He 10.The boy _ has two lovely

14、 dogs.A.who live next door B.which lives next door C.whom lives next door D.that lives next door 11.Dont go in,this is the shop _ _ we have just been _.A./,to B.that,/C.where,to D.which,there 12.He is the most careful boy _ I know.A.what B.which C.as D./13.Did you tell your mother all _ you had seen

15、 on the way home?A.what B.why C.that D.which 14.Its one of the most important meetings _ this years.代词的从句叫做定语从句结构先行词关系词其他关系词的用法关系词的下载关系代词的详细用法的用法在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语作宾语宾语时常由介词引出此时不能省略的用法的先行词既可指人也可指物在精品资料 欢迎下载 A.that has been held B.which has been held C.that have been held D.which have held 15.This is the

16、 new type of plane _ parts are made of plastics.A.that B.what C.which D.whose 1.They sent my child to the school every morning,which I considered a great help to me.2.She has two daughters who study in the same school.3.Talking about the USA,New York is the first thing that comes to mind.4.Do you kn

17、ow the girl who is standing on the stage?5.She may be late,in which case we ought to wait for her.6.Who is the person that is standing at the gate?7.The first thing that we need to do now is to clean the room.8.Her grandma passed away last night,which made her quite sad.9.Singing is the only thing t

18、hat interested her most.10.Yellow River is the second longest river in China that is the origin of Chinese nation.11.Tom has made rapid progress,which makes me very happy.12.The song to which you are listening is one of my favorite song.13.which is the pen that you lost?14.A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.课后作业 代词的从句叫做定语从句结构先行词关系词其他关系词的用法关系词的下载关系代词的详细用法的用法在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语作宾语宾语时常由介词引出此时不能省略的用法的先行词既可指人也可指物在