2023年完整外研社一起小学四年级上语法全面汇总归纳及练习题.pdf

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1、外研社四年级上语法总结 一般过去时 一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year去年，等 时间状语：1.yesterday，morning(afternoon,evening)等 2.由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night,last year (winter,month,week)等 3.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago,a short time ago,an

2、 hour ago 等 4.其它：just now 等 Was，were 的一般过去时 Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：1 am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。（was not=wasnt）2 are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（were not=werent）3 带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 am,is,are 一样，即否定句在 was 或 were后加 not，一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首 构成：肯定句式：主语+be(was ,were)+其它.否定句式：主语+be(was ,were)+not+其它.一般疑问句：Be(was ,we

3、re)+主语+其它？肯定回答:Yes,主语+be(was ,were)否定回答：No,主语+be(was ,were)+not.含有实义动词（行为动词）的一般过去时的主结构：构成：肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其它。did not 缩写为 didnt 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?动词过去式的变化 小学常用不规则动词的过去式 选择()1 My father ill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent ()2 your parents at

4、 home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were 现在式 过去式 中文意思 现在式 过去式 中文意思 am,is was 是 may might 可能 are were 是 mean meant 意思是 become became 变成 meet met 遇见，见面 begin began 开始 must must 必须，应该 build built 建筑 put put 放 buy bought 买 read read 阅读 can could 可以 ride rode 琦 catch caught 抓住 run ran 跑 come came 来 say sa

5、id 说 cut cut 切 see saw 看见 dig dug 挖 sell sold 卖 do,does did 做 send sent 发送 draw drew 画画 set set 放置 drink drank 喝 shake shook 摇晃 drive drove 驾驶 shall should 应该 eat ate 吃 shine shone 照耀 fall fell 落下 show showed 表现，表演 feed fed 喂养 sing sang 唱 feel felt 感觉 sit sat 坐 fight fought 大家 sleep slept 睡觉 find fo

6、und 寻找到 smell smelt 闻 fly flew 飞 speak spoke 说 get got 得到 spell spelt 拼 give gave 给 stand stood 站 go went 去 swim swam 游泳 has,have had 有，吃 swing swung 荡秋千 hear heard 听见 take took 拿，花费 hold held 握住 teach taught 教 hurt hurt 受伤 tell told 告诉 keep kept 保持 think thought 思考 know knew 知道 throw threw 扔 learn

7、learnt learned 学习 wake woke waked 醒来 leave left 离开 wear wore 穿 let let 让 will would 将 light lit lighted 点燃 win won 赢 lose lost 丢失 write wrote 写 make made 制作 ()3 The twins in Dalian last year They here now A are;were B were;are C was;are D were;was ()4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天）A Was;be

8、fore B Is;before C Was;after D Is;after ()5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes,I was D No,I wasnt 用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1A：_ you at home yesterday?B：Yes，I_ 2A：_ it sunny in London now?B：Yes，it_ 3A：_ you at the park now?B：Yes，we_ 4A：_ your mother out yesterday?B：Yes，she_ 5A：_ they at school ye

9、sterday?B：Yes，they_ 6A：_ he strong then?B：Yes，he_ 7A：Where_ he now?B：He_ at school.8A：Shenzhen wasnt big_ B：It is a big city_ 请选择正确的词，把下列句子补充完整。1.I _ （ask /asked /is asking）him a question yesterday.2.Tom _ （read /is reading /reads）English now.3.Did you _（water /watered /waters）flowers last week?4.Le

10、ts _ （get /got /getting）on the No.1 bus.5.We often _ （watch /watches /watched）TV at home.6.Judy didnt _ （went /go /going）to school yesterday.7.His dad _（works /worked /is working）hard every day.8.There _ （were /are /was）some trees near houses two years ago.9.My cousin _ （studies /studied /study）in a

11、 middle school in Guangzhou.10.Mr.White _ （came /comes /is coming）China last year.11.She is going to _ （have /had /has）a big party this Sunday.12.Where did you _ （meet /met /meeting）Miss White.13.They wanted to _ （go /went /going）to Beijing last week.14.Look,Tom _ （watches /watched /is watching）TV i

12、n the living-room。15.What _ （did/does /is）the girl do this morning?祈使句 表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思.祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”.句末用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读.肯定结构都以动词原形开头.例如：Catch the ball!接球!（句子的意思是让“你”接球）祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即 1)Do 型（以行为动词原形开头）,例如：Sit down 坐下!Stand up 起立!2)Be 型（以 be 开头）,例如：Be quiet！安静!3)L

13、et 型（以 let 开头）,例如：Let me help you.祈使句的否定结构是以“Dont动词原形”开头.例如：Dont go there,please 请别去那儿.Dont be late 不要迟到 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(not,be)late.2._(dust)the dressing table.3._(not,speak)with your mouth full of food.4._(not,talk)and _(read)a book.5._(not,drop)the nice vase,Sam.6._(look)out!A car is coming.7

14、._(give)us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8._(not,let)the baby cry.9.Open the window and _(shut)the door.10.Lets _(sweep)the floor.根据要求改写句子 1.Will you please read it again more slowly?（改为祈使句）_ _ again more slowly,please.2.Please sit next to Nancy.（改为否定句）_ _ next to Nancy.3.Come to my house tomorrow.（改为否定句）_ come to my house tomorrow.4.Wear the glasses!（改为否定句）_ wear the glasses!5.Dont wash your hands!(改成肯定句)_ your hands!