中考英语--阅读理解专项指导.pdf

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1、中考英语-阅读理解专项指导执教者：丁莹 2010.5.18一.阅读理解题分类预习作业：常见的阅读理解题归类：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _二.阅读理解解题技巧分析(-)细节事实题预习作业：细节题设题方式：1.多数以 设问；2.设问的检测点针对_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _常见的提问方式为：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2、 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _解题指导：“先文后题”：读文一读题一记题一跳读一答题一验证“先题后文”：读题一记题一读文一答题一验证当堂反馈：A lot of people like Jackie Chan.They like to see him in movies.Why?He does things thatAmerican movie stars wont try.He even jumps a motorcycle onto a moving train.He often gets hurt,and sometimes he is almost

3、 killed when making movies.Jackie was born in 1954.He came from a very poor family.His parents wanted to sell him to adoctor,but then they changed their minds and decided to keep him.Jackie practiced singing,dancing,and kung fu almost 12 hours every day.Jackie learned a lot at school,but didnt learn

4、 to read or write.When he grew up,he worked very hard.He can even speak to Americans in English.Most of theChinese people know him,and everyone wants to see what hell do next.Of course,he neverdisappoints them.()1.Why do people love to see Jackies movie?A.Because he often gets hurt in movies.B.Becau

5、se he is cute and handsome.C.Because he does things that American movie stars wont try.D.Because he can sing and dance.()2.How often did Jackie practice singing,dancing and kung fu?A.Almost 12 hours a day.B.Almost 20 hours a day.C.Almost 12 hours a week.D.Almost 20 hours a week.()3.Which of the foll

6、owing is TRUE according to the passage?A.Jackie cannot speak English.B.Jackie didnt learn to read or write at school.C.Jackies father is a doctor.D.Jackie parents wanted him to be a doctor.注意:准确性、对应性、区分性(二)词义猜测题预习作业：常见的提问方式为：.解题技巧：(1)根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。(2)运用语法知识进行语法分析。(3)依靠常识和经验做出判断。当堂反馈：例一：Angela Ch

7、ang(张韶涵)didnt know it would be so hard to turn singing into a career.She went tomany different record companies.But she al ways turned down for looking too young and small.()The phrase turn down in the first paragraph means A.承认 B.拒绝 C.开除 D.雇佣例二：There is a place on our earth where hot water and stea

8、m come up under the ground.It is on alarge island in the Pacific Ocean.The island is North Island in New Zealand.()What does the word“steam mean_.A.自来水 B.大气 C.冰川 D.蒸汽例三：As they go around town,the police help people.Sometimes they find lost children.They take thechildren home.If the police see a figh

9、t,they cu an end to it right away.Sometimes people will ask thepolice how to get to a place in town.The police can always tell the people which way to go.They knowall the streets and roads well.()In the text,44put an end to“me a ns.A.stop B.cut C.kill D.fly(三)推理判断题：就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为

10、已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。预习作业：多数以 等词提问。常见的提问方式为：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _当堂反馈：During the past on hundred years,there have been many inventions that help us live better.Computers are one of them.With them,people can get all kinds of info

11、rmation,play funny games andget or send messages quickly.People even dont need to see a doctor in the future.Many people believecomputers are fantastic and they cant live without computers.But we are won ied that many people will lose their job and people wont meet each other as oftenas before.Stude

12、nts wont study but spend too much time on computer games.In fact,gettinginformation from the computers doesnt mean real learning.People need time to think or tocommunicate with friends.Also,computers cant fully replace people.After all,machines should not be more important thanpeople.()1.What does t

13、he writer think of the computer?A.It doesnt give enough information to people today.B.It takes away peoples chance to think.C.It is the most important invention of the past 100 years.D.It only brings us a lot of good things.()2.What can we conclude from the reading?A.People shouldnt use the computer

14、 anymore.B.People in the world will enjoy more inventions.C.People can become smarter with the help of computers.D.People should be more careful in using the computers.注意判断有据，推论有理，忠于原文，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意；全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论；善于揣摩作者思路，尽可能与作者的思路吻合。(四)主旨大意题：旨在考察考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，也就是考察考生的归纳概括和综合阅读能力。这

15、类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title,headline).短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main id ea)等。I预习作业：常见的提问方式为：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _当堂反馈：例一:A11 living things on the earth need other living things to live.Nothing lives alone.Most animalsmust live in a group,an

16、d even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind.Sometimesone living things kills another,one eats and the other is eaten.Each kind of life eats another kind of lifein order to live,and together they form a food chain.Some food chains become broken up if one ofthe links disappears.例二

17、：If you buy some well-made clothes,you can save money because they can last longer.They lookgood even after they have been washed many times.Sometimes some clothes cost more money,but itdoes not mean that they are always better made,or they always fit better.In other words,some lessexpensive clothes

18、 look and fit better than more expensive clothes.例三：Killer bees started in Brazil 1957.A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey(蜂蜜).So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees.The bees bred(繁殖)and made a newkind of bees.But the new bees were a mistake.They didnt want to

19、make more honey.They wanted toattack.Then,by accident,twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.Scientists could not control the problem.The bees increased fast.They went from Brazil toVenezuela.Then they went to Central America.Now they are in North America.They trave

20、l about 390miles a year.Each group of bees grows four times a year.This means one million new groups everyfive years.Why are people afraid of killer bees?People are afraid for two reasons.First,the bees sting(叮)many more times than usual bees.Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for tw

21、o hours.Second,killer bees attack in groups.Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.Already several hundred people are dead.Now killer bees are in Texas.In a few years they willreach all over the United States.People can do nothing but wait.()The best title of the passage is.A.How to make more hon

22、ey B.killer bees C.A foolish scientist D.How to feed killer bees三.小 结1.浏览问题，通读全文2.抓住中心句(标题，首段，每段的首尾句，总一分一总，总一分)3.克服以下不良习惯：心读，一个词一个词的看，只读不记4.遇到生词要沉着冷静四.实战演练：The World Expo,also known as the Worlds Fair,is the third largest world event after theOlympics and the FIFA World Cup.During the Expo,the parti

23、cipating countries build pavilions(展示馆)to display their technologies and cultures,with numerous exhibitions and performances.The World Expo enables people to experience the worlds most advanced technologies.Manynew inventions across time have made their debuts at the World Expo,including TV,the tele

24、phone andeven the ice cream cone.But the World Expo is not just a trade fair.Its more like a great platform for cultural exchange,bringing people into closer contact with the rest of the world.For example,at the Shanghai Expo,couples may have French-style weddings at the France Pavilion.Thailand wil

25、l let visitors walk into itsemperors palace.Visitors to the Australia Pavilion will have the chance to experience the snow-cappedmountains of the country.Many countries have also decided to bring their national treasures to the event.You will seeDenmarks Little Mermaid,Japans Monk Jianzhen statue an

26、d paintings by Vincent Van Gogh and PaulCezanne from France.But thats not all there is to the World Expo.The value of the Expo lies in itsability to influence and change the opinions of ordinary people.Since the 1933 Expo in Chicago,the World Expo began to focus on one theme.It changed theExpo from

27、something to see into an interactive(互动的)event,where visitors could help solve globalproblems like environmental problems.Countries talk about the problems through face-to-facecommunication and a hands-on experience with advanced technologies.The theme of the Shanghai Expo is Better city,better life

28、 It will call on global wisdom to solvecommon problem that human beings face through urbanization(城市化).It will send a message topeople around the world to care about the places where they live.()1.The pavilions were built by?A.Shanghai B.The World Expo C.all the countries D.the countries joining the

29、 Expo()2.What does the underlined word debuts”mean in Chinese?A.初次亮相 B.贡献 C,债务 D.作品()3.Which of the following is NOT true?A.There are technologies,cultures,exhibition and performances during the Expo.B.The World Expo is able to influence and change the ideas of common people.C.The World Expo focused

30、 on one 由 eme until 1933.D.Couples can have French-style weddings at the France Pavilion.()4.The passage tells people about Expo E XCE P T.A.the theme B.the value C.the activities D.the cost()5.Whats the best title of this article?A.Welcome to the World Expo B.Better city,Better LifeC.the Development of the World Expo D.the History of the World Expo