2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）英语试题（含答案）.docx

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1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟试卷（一）本试卷共8页，47小题。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号 和座位号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的 答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能 答在试卷上。3 .非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指 定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案; 不准使用铅笔和涂改液；不按以上要求作答的答

2、案无效。4 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分375分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASubscription: How It Works MagazineHow It Works is a science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about our universe and everything in it. Covering a wide range of t

3、opics such as space, nature, science, animals and technology, the magazine is jam-packed with incredible and breathtaking facts ready to excite your wildest curiosity.What is inside? Global Eye 一 the latest news, developments and events from the world of science and technology Amazing Images 一each i

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6、at Yourself or Family & FriendsA subscription makes a thoughtful gift for both family and friends straight to their door. This science and technology magazine helps explore the fascinating world around us. Never Miss an IssueYour subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date o

7、f purchase. All members can manage their subscriptions via our self-service website pocketmags. com.Choose your preferred subscription package:additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went o

8、n, the harder the choices became. （大学 学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课 程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必 需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难）”可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。9. D 主旨大意题。根据第二段Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift,

9、 where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do ndeep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work （我很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就 要清理各种大小的飞机。在整个夜班期间，

10、我必须做“深度清洁。这意味着清洁所有东西， 甚至我必须检查每个安全舱，并更换任何丢失的物品。这可是令人厌恶的工作。）可知这份 工作是“劳神费力的”，答案选择D项。10. D 推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the aiiport and going to school did not it easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didnt have time t

11、o complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warming for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financi

12、ally supporting myself.（另个让我彳艮难过 的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另 一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤 率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学, 取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己）“可推知，作者进退两难是因为学校 日程和工作时间不能兼顾，故答案选择D项。11. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education,

13、and now I would have neither job nor education. Id finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever. （我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终 于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的）”可推 知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认，持久起作用，故答案选择B项。D答案及解析：12. C 13.

14、 B 14. D 15. B语篇解读这是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍了新科技给人们带来的社会问题及悲观情绪. 集中在智能手机和社交媒体上；为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导 致无法获得其长期利益，称之为“技术陷阱”。作者乐观、客观地分析新技术也可以造福未来。12. C 细节理解题。根据第段的“Social media were supposed to bring people together, but they are better known for leaking privacy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy （零工经

15、 济）may be convenient, but they are charge with underpaying workers, worsening inequality and blocking the streets with vehicles.（社交媒体本应把人们聚在一起，但它们更出名的是泄露隐 私。电子商务、打车服务和零工经济可能很方便，但他们被指控付给工人低工资，加剧不平 等，及车辆堵塞街道。）”可知答案选择C项。13. B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Todays pessimistic mood is centered on smart phones and social

16、media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism against cars, which had earlier been seen as an answer to the problems caused by horsedrawn vehicles which filled the streets with nois

17、e and animal waste and caused accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands.（今天的悲观情绪集 中在智能手机和社交媒体上，这两个领域在十年前就开始流行。然而，人们担心某些技术可 能弊大于利。20世纪20年代出现了对

18、汽车的批评，这在早期被视为是对马拉车造成的问题 的一种解决办法，马拉车充斥着噪音和动物粪便，并引发了事故，工业化在19世纪受到了 浪漫主义者的批评，他们担心技术工人的更替，农村的掠夺和工厂工人的痛苦）”可知答案 选择B项，14. D推理判断题。根据第三段的“A further danger is that Luddite （反对技术进步者） efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits - so

19、mething Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a technology trap”. Fears that robots win steal peoples jobs may discourage their use.（另个危险是勒德派 （反对技术进步者）为避免与新技术相关的短期成本所做的努力最终将导致无法获得其长期 利益，牛津大学学者卡尔贝内迪克特弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）称之为“技术陷阱”。人 们担心机器人会抢走人们的工作，因此不愿使用它们）”可推断得出“技术陷阱”是目前的新 技术成本阻止其未来的利益，故答案选

20、择D项。15. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. .So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-obsessed 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.（任何强大

21、的技术都可以用来做好事或坏事。正是人们对它的选 择塑造了世界。因此，随着十年的交替，暂时把悲观情绪放在一边。活在痴迷科技的21 世纪20年代，是有史以来最幸运的人之一）”可知作者对待新科技的态度是客观的，故答 案选择B项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2 5分，满分125分）答案与解析：16. F 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. A语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述过度饮酒给世界各国人民带来的各种伤害 非常严重，并提出一些关于保护人们免于酗酒的方法。16. F 段中题。根据 16 题前句Some people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic

22、 drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday.（全世界的许多人在晚餐时喜欢喝酒精饮料，如葡萄酒或啤酒。有些人举起一杯 酒来庆祝婚礼或生日。）是具体喝酒场景；16题后句All these situations are considered “social drinking because they happen at social events. （所有这些情况都被认为是社交饮酒”，因为 它们发生在社交场合

23、。）可知36题应该是描写具体的饮酒场景，故答案选择F项。17. G 段首题。根据 17 题后句That is six percent of all deaths around the world.（这 是全世界死亡总数的6%。”中的死亡率呼应alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year” （酗酒每年导致330万人死亡）可知答案选择G项。18. E 段中题。根据 18 题前句WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is

24、 concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19.”（世卫组织精神健康和药物滥用主任谢卡萨克森表示，该组织对15至19岁年 轻人的饮酒问题感到担忧。）及后句“The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the

25、 most harm in terns of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.（报告总结说，全世界15岁以上的饮酒者中有16%的人狂饮，这比其他类型的饮酒危害更 大，在事故、自残和对他人的伤害方面造成的伤害最大。）由此可知18题“更关注的是“狂 饮，种长期的酗酒“，承上启下，符合语境。故答案选择E项。19. C 段尾题。根据 39 题前句The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. The report also finds Euro

26、pe is the area with the highest alcohol use. Central and Eastern Europe are especially high/9（报告发现，与酒精有关的死亡率最高的是欧洲。该 报告还发现欧洲是酒精使用量最高的地区。中欧和东欧特别高）可知答案选择C项。20. A 段首题。根据 20 题后句，“These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol bev

27、erage. （这些措施包括提高酒精 销售税，提高饮酒年龄限制，以及控制酒精饮料的销售。）可知是一些保护人们免于酗酒的 措施，故答案选择A项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。答案及解析：21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学家希金斯与卖花女伊莱莎在街头偶遇， 希金斯对伊莱莎说的伦敦土话

28、（考克尼）很感兴趣，记述了考克尼的由来及生活实例。22. A 考查动词词义辨析。根据 21 题句意“One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works/（其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他对 语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知,希金斯教授研究语言的秘密，故答案选择A项。23. C 考查名词词义辨析，根据 22 题句意The other one is a young woman called Eliza who is selling flowers for a l

29、iving （另一个是一个叫伊莱莎的年轻女人，她靠卖花为生。）；A. a report 报告；B. an investigation 调查；C. a living 生计；D. a research 研究；故答案选择 C 项。24. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据 23 题前文“One of them is Henry Higgins, a rich professor, who is very interested in how language works?9（其中之一是希金斯，一位富有的教授，他 对语言的运作原理非常感兴趣。）可知希金斯对于伊莱莎讲话的方式很感兴趣；A. confused 困惑

30、的；B. fascinated极感兴趣的；C. overtaken超过；D. responded回应；故答案选择B 项。25. B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据 24 题句意 “They start talking, and Henry is fascinated by the very different way in which they speak the same language.（他们开始交谈，他们说同一种 语言但是亨利对于她讲话的不同方式非常感兴趣。）；A. similar相似的；B. different不同 的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D.skillful有技巧的；4题后文

31、描述了伦敦土话的由来及不同的表 达实例，故答案选择B项。26. C考查连词词义辨析，根据25题后文句意“In the 19th century, a cockney was a person who lived in East London.（19世纪，考克尼人是居住在东伦敦的人。）可知：这是因为伊莱 莎是一个考克尼人；故答案选择C项。27. A 考查动词词义辨析。根据 26 题句意“The word cockney9 was first used in English in 1362 to mean a small egg with a strange shape. （cockney”一词最

32、早于 1362 年出现在英语中， 意思是形状奇怪的小鸡蛋。）可知答案选择A项。28. C 考查副词词义辨析。根据 27 题句意“Later, the word changed meaning and was used to describe city men （后来,这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市人。）；A. Lately 最近；B. Critically批判地；C. Later后来；D.Dramatically显著地；可知这个词义的变化 是后来逐渐的过程，故答案选择C项。29. D 考查动词词义辨析。根据 28 题句意“Later, the word changed meaning

33、and was used to describe city men-th is is because the people living in villages considered them weak and similar to women.（后来，这个词的意思发生了变化，被用来形容城市男人这是因为生活在 乡村的人们认为他们软弱,与女性相似。）可知答案选择D项。30. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据 29 题句意 “Some of them were involved in crimes like pickpocketing （stealing peoples wallets）”（他们中的一些

34、人参与了扒窃等犯罪活动。）; A. charged 起诉；B. suspected 怀疑；C. involved 参与；D. recorded 记录；故答案选择 C 项。31. A 考查连词词义辨析。根据 30 题前句Some of them were involved in crimes like a pickpocketing （ stealing peoples wallets）” （他们中的一些人参与了扒窃等犯罪活,动。）；可知 “他们经常与警察发生冲突是参与犯罪的结果，故答案选择A项。32. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据 31 题句意“This is why they invented

35、 a special language which worked like a code（这就是为什么他们发明工一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）； A. learned 学习；B. practised 练习；C. invented 发明；D. discovered 发现；可知答案选 择C项。33. B 考查介词词义辨析。根据 32 题前句“This is why they invented a special language which worked like a code（这就是为什么他们发明了一种像代码一样工作的特殊语言）可知 这是一种暗语，“不让警察理解他们在说什么、故答案选择B项。34

36、. D 考查名词词义辨析。根据 33 题前文中“Elizas father wanted to steal someones wallet”（伊莱莎的父亲想偷别人的钱包）可知bees and honey”的意思是金钱，故答案选择D 项。35. C考查动词词义辨析。根据34题前句的考克尼语的生活实例可知AdanT and Eve? 表示 “believe 相信“；A. proved 证实是；B. guessed 猜测；C. meant 意思是；D. claimed 声称；故答案选择C项。36. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据 35 题句意“So how about using some cockne

37、y English next time you are on the dog and bone?”（所以下次打电话的时候，使用一些伦敦土话英语怎么 样？）； A. expressing 表达；B. using 使用：C. making 制造；D. explaining 解释；故答案 选择B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案及解析：37. newly 37. Has caught 38. Recognized 39. a 40. What 41. weighing 42. It 43. as 44. attac

38、hed 45. seriousness语篇解读这是一篇说明文。自从中国考古学家周六公布了三星堆遗址出土的一些文物 后，一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分关注。文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址以及黄金面 具的一些情况。38. newly 考查副词。根据 36 题句意Since Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）made public some of the 36 （ new） unearthed artifacts from the Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday, a gold mask 37 （catch） most of the atte

39、ntion from experts and the public alike. （自从中国考古学 家周六公布了三星堆遗址新近出土的一些文物后,一个黄金面具吸引了专家和公众的大部分 关注。）可知the newly（ new） unearthed artifacts”中需要副词newly做状语，故答案为newly。39. has caught考查动词时态。根据37题句意同36题可知since引导时间状语从句， 所以主句谓语动词为现在完成时态，故答案为has caughto40. Recognized 考查非谓语动词。根据 58 题句意“38（recognize） as one of the mo

40、st important ancient remains found in the 20th century, the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui in southwest Chinas Sichuan province is 39 treasure house buried with a collection of pottery, jade, bronze and gold wares.”（三星堆被认为是20世纪发现的最重要的古代遗迹之一，有3000 年历史的三星堆位于中国西南部的四川省，是一个埋藏着陶器、玉器、青铜器和金器的宝库。） 可知句首recognize需要用

41、非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the 3000-year-old Sanxingdui为被动 关系，故答案为Recognizedo41. a考查冠词。根据39题句意同38题可知，39treasure house可数名词文中第 一次单数形式前使用不定冠词，故答案为a。42. What 考查主语从句。根据 40 题句意 “ 40astonished the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size, 23 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high. （最让考古学家吃 惊的是它的巨大尺寸，

42、23厘米宽28厘米高。）可知，40题空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少 主语，指物，故应用what,句首单词首字母要大写，故答案为What。43. weighing 考查非谓语动词。根据 41 题句意Although only about half of the gold mask was unearthed, its so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization, 41 （Weigh）280 grams. （尽管只有大约一半的黄金面具被发掘出来，它是 迄今为止在中国文明初级

43、阶段发现的同类中最大的，重280克。）可知41题空处的weigh 需用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the largest of its kind同类中最大的面具是主动关系，故答 案为 weighing o44. It 考查固定句型。根据 42 题句意“ 42is estimated that the whole mask could weigh more than 500 grams.”（据估计，整个面具重量超过500克。）可知，表示“据估计”可知句型为it is estimated that. . It为形式主语，故答案为Ito45. as 考查介词。根据 43 题句意Its basicall

44、y the same size 43 the head sculptures from the same pit?9（基本上和同一个坑里的头雕一样大。）可知，the sameas搭配表示同 样的，故答案为as。46. attached 考查被动语态。根据 44 题句意 “Thus, archaeologists believe it was originally44 （attach） to the face of a head sculpture.（因此，考古学家认为它最初是被贴在一个 头部雕塑的脸上。）可知，was attached to被贴在，故答案为attached。47. seriou

45、sness 考查名词。根据 45 题句意 “The masks* eyes and eyebrows are delicately hollowed out, creating a sense of 45 （serious） and dignity.（面具的眼睛和眉毛被巧妙地 挖空，营造出一种严肃和尊严的感觉。）可知，介词of后需要名词形式作宾语，故答案为 seriousness o第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）48. 假定你是校英语网课学生主持人李华，请给同学们介绍上网课注意事项。内容包括：1 .网课的安排和内容；2 .网课的要求。One possible vers

46、ion:Hello everyone:This is Li Hua and welcome to our English online course. This course is designed to help students of senior 3 get well prepared for the entrance exam of English, including six lectures by experienced teacheis from the teaching staff in ouschool. The lectures are scheduled at 9:00

47、eachSaturday morning from now and each lasts 3 hours. In this lesson, Mr Zhang will give a talk about how to improve your listening skills. You will have hands-on practices to experience the magic ways. It would be helpful to register the course to have full access to the online exercises before joi

48、ning. Youd bette】 join the lecture with a computer or a laptop. You may watch the video for further study.Thank you! Wish you good luck!第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。答案： The entire province trembled with horror. The order must be obeyed, yet who in all Shining could make a rope dashes? One night, in great distress, the son whispered the news to his hidden mother. Wait!1 she said. “I will think. I will think” On the second day she told him what to do. Make rope of twisted straw, she said. Then stretch it upon a row of flat stones and burn it on a windless might. He called