操作经营系统（英文版）nec.pptx

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1、To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Chapter 1-操作同样是a Competitive WeaponTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights

2、reserved.The Operations Management SystemTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System Inputs Workers Managers Equipment Facilities Materials Services Land EnergyFigure 1.1 Fig

3、ure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System Inputs Workers Managers Equipment Facilities Materials Services Land EnergyOperations and processes51234Figure 1.1 Figure 1

4、.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System Outputs Goods Services Inputs Workers Managers Equipment Facilities Materials Services Land EnergyOperations and processes51234F

5、igure 1.1 Figure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System Outputs Goods ServicesExternal environmentCustomer or client participationOperations and processes51234 Inputs

6、 Workers Managers Equipment Facilities Materials Services Land EnergyFigure 1.1 Figure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System Outputs Goods ServicesExternal environme

7、ntCustomer or client participationOperations and processesInformation on performance51234 Inputs Workers Managers Equipment Facilities Materials Services Land EnergyFigure 1.1 Figure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longm

8、an.All rights reserved.Operations Management As a FunctionTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Operations Management As a FunctionFigure 1.2 Figure 1.2To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Managem

9、ent:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Operations Management As a Function Skill Areas Quantitative methods Organizational behavior General Management Information systems Economics International business Business ethics and lawFigure 1.2 Figure 1.2To

10、Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.C

11、ontinuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manufacturing organizationMore like a service organizationFigure 1.3 Figure 1.3To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manuf

12、acturing organizationMore like a service organization Physical,durable product Output can be inventoried Low customer contact Long response time Regional,national or International markets Large facilities Capital intensive Quality easily measuredFigure 1.3 Figure 1.3To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Op

13、erations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manufacturing organizationMore like a service organization Physical,durable product Output can be inventoried Low customer contact Long response time Region

14、al,national or International markets Large facilities Capital intensive Quality easily measured Intangible,perishable product Output cannot be inventoried High customer contact Short response time Local markets Small facilities Labor intensive Quality not easily measuredFigure 1.3 Figure 1.3To Accom

15、pany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector

16、JobsPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|1957 1967 1977 1987 1997Figure 1.4 Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|1957 1967

17、 1977 1987 1997Figure 1.4 Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsWholesaleand retail salesGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|1957 1967 1977 1987 1997Figure 1.4

18、Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsOther servicesWholesaleand retail salesGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|1957 1967 1977 1987 1997Figure 1.4 Figure 1.4To

19、 Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|1957 1967 1977 1987 1997Manufacturing,mining,and constructionOther servicesWholesaleand retail salesGovernme

20、ntFigure 1.4 Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights

21、reserved.ProductivityProductivity=OutputInputTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=Policies processedEmployee hoursExample 1.1 Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman O

22、perations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=600 policies(3 employees)(40 hours/employee)Example 1.1 Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Add

23、ison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourExample 1.1 Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourMultifac

24、tor productivity=Quantity at standard costLabor cost+Materials cost+Overhead costExample 1.1 Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourMultifactor p

25、roductivity=(400 units)($10/unit)$4000$400+$1000+$300$1700=2.35Example 1.1 Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strat

26、egy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s(to date)Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Editi

27、on 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s(to date)2.8 2.8Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesle

28、y Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s(to date)2.8 2.81.9Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All righ

29、ts reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s(to date)2.8 2.81.91.0 1.0Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved

30、.Productivity GrowthPercent100 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainValue added per hour workedFigure 1.5(b)Figure 1.5(b)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent10

31、0 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainValue added per hour workedWhole economyFigure 1.5(b)Figure 1.5(b)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent100 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainWhole economyManufacturingValue added per hour workedFigure 1.5(b)Figure 1.5(b)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.演讲完毕，谢谢观看！