上海2023年高考英语模拟试题及答案.pdf

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1、IL Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word;fbr the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.

2、Ifs OK Not to Be OKEvery now and then,you are probably told not to give up when things get difficult.But at whatpoint can we feel that its OK to give up?Sometimes,giving up can be a thoughtful and bravedecision.If you feel like you have the weight of the world on your shoulders and it is holding21 d

3、own,find a way to take a break.22(remember)that you can always give up whenyou hit your limit and start over when you feel ready again.Simone Biles,with a 23(combine)total of 32 Olympic and World Championshipmedals,got a case of the“twisties“at the Olympics in Tokyo last year.This means that when do

4、ingflips(空翻)or twists,the worlds greatest gymnast had a hard time figuring out 24 the groundwas.So,she told the world she wasnt going to compete 25 she knew her limits.If she hadpushed herself at all costs,she might have ended up with a lifelong injury.Instead,she knew when26(tell)people she wasnt O

5、K.As a four-time Grand Slam winner at the age of 23,the Japanese tennis player Naomi Osaka27(drop)out of the 2021 French Open.She announced that she needed a break 28the spotlight to work on her mental health.In a TIME magazine interview before the Olympics,shesaid,“I do hope that people 29 relate a

6、nd understand its OK to not be OK,and its OK totalk about it.There are people 30 experiences are inspiring,and there is usually light atthe end of any tunnel.”【答案】21.you22.Rbined24.where 25.because#as26.to tell27.dropped28.from#off29.can 30.whose【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过举例阐述了偶尔不好也是可以的。2 1 题详解】考查代词。句意：如果你觉得整个世

7、界的重量都压在你的肩上，拖住了你，想办法休息一下。根据句意和前文的主语you可知，此处表示“拖住了你”，人称代词you主格和宾格一样。故填you。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：记住，当你达到极限时，你可以放弃，当你觉得准备好了时，你可以重新开始。分析句子可知，and连接两个祈使句，祈使句动词用原形，that引导宾语从句作remember的宾语，单词置句首首字母大写，故填Remember。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：西蒙拜尔斯(Simone B iles),总共获得了 32枚奥运会和世锦赛奖牌，她在去年的东京奥运会上遭遇了“扭曲”。修饰名词to ta l,用形容词combined,表 示“总

8、和的；总计的”，根据句意,故填combined。【24题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这意味着，这位世界上最伟大的体操运动员在做空翻或扭转时，很难找到地面的位置。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，作 figure out的宾语，根据句意，此处用连接词w here的地方”符合语境，故填where。【25题详解】考查状语从句。句意：所以，她告诉全世界，她将不比赛了，因为她知道自己的极限。根据句意，前后文是因果关系，故用because“因为”或者as“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填 because/aso【26题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，她知道什么时候告诉别人她不可以。分析句子可知，此处用“疑问词+

9、不定式”作动词knew的宾语，根据句意，故填to tell。【27题详解】考查动词时态。句意：日本网球选手大阪直美在23岁时四次获得大满贯，但她退出了2021年的法国网球公开赛。根据句意和下文的ihe2021 French Open”可知，表示过去发生的事情用一般过去时，drop是谓语动词，故填dropped。【28题详解】考查介词。句意：她宣布，她需要暂时离开聚光灯，专注于自己的心理健康。根据句意，break from“突然离开，break off“中断；暂停”都符合语境，故填from/off。【29题详解】考查情态动词。句意：在奥运会前接受 时代杂志采访时，她说：“我真的希望人们能够理解，

10、不可以也没关系，谈论它也没关系。有些人，他们的经历鼓舞人心，在隧道的尽头通常都有光明。”分析句子可知，that引导宾语从句，relate是从句谓语动词，结合句意，此处用情态动词can表 示“可以；能够”，接动词原形构成谓语，故填can。【30题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰people,从句中作定语，用关系代词w hose,故填whose。Section BDirections:Fill in each blank,with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used onlyonce.No

11、te that there is one word more than you need.A.justify B.trend C.theory D.restricted E.diversifyingF.obviously G.termed H.climate I.suddenly J.seeking K.evidentThe Lipstick EffectIn 2020,the world was plunged into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic causedwidespread closures to businesses.

12、Under these circumstances,millions of people 31 foundthemselves facing financial insecurity.During such times of economic hardship,one may naturallyexpect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure,as people everywhere feel 32to making only“essential”purchases.However,a curious phenomen

13、on known as the“lipstick effect”can often be observed.The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goodseven when an economic depression occurs.This phenomenon was 33 the“lipstick effect in2001 by Leonard Lauder,chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estee Lauder.H

14、e had not onlywitnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially 34 in the case oflipstick and other cosmetic products.So,how exactly do consumers who are short of cash 35 making such purchases?Firstand perhaps most 36.consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now an

15、d againto provide distractions from their financial insecurity.Another 37 has to do with labourmarkets.Specifically,during the economic depression,job seeking tends to become morecompetitive.Thus,people 38 employment may perceive a need to spend money on certainproducts to improve their physical app

16、earance.By using products such as lipstick,they may feelmore confident during job interviews.Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect,this phenomenon is no short-lived 39.Duringthe global depression of 2007-2009,sales of cosmetic in the United States increased by around 5%.Based on such data,it se

17、ems that even in the current insecure economic 40、the luxurycosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.【答案】31.1 32.D33.G 34.K35.A 36.F37.C 38.J39.B 40.H【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是口红效应。【31题详解】考查副词。句意：在这种情况下，数百万人突然发现自己面临经济不安全感。由上文“theCOVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses可知，此处表

18、示“数百万人突然发现自己面临经济不安全感”，空格处意为“突 然 ，是 suddenly。故选I。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：在这样的经济困难时期，人们自然会认为消费市场的支出将会下降，因为各地的人们都感到受到限制，只能购买“必要的”物品。由下文makingonly“essential”purchases”可知，各地的人们都感到受到限制，只能购买“必要的”物品，空格处意为“受限制的，用形容词作表语，是 restricted,故选D。【33题详解】考查被动语态。句意：2001年，奢侈化妆品公司Est6e Lauder董事长Leonard Lauder将这种现象称为“口红效应”。由下文“the“

19、lipstickeffect”可知,奢侈化妆品公司EsteeLauder董事长Leonard Lauder将这种现象称为“口红效应”，空格处意为“把称为“，是 term,这种现象是被称为“口红效应”，用被动语态，空格前有w a s,空格处用过去分词。故选G。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：他不仅在工作中目睹了这种现象，而且还意识到这种现象在口红和其他化妆品中尤其明显。由上文“consumers spending on small luxury goods”可知，这种现象在口红和其他化妆品中尤其明显，空格处意为“明显的”，用形容词evident作表语。故选K【35题详解】考查动词时态。句意：那么

20、，缺乏现金的消费者究竟如何证明他们的购买行为是合理的呢？由下文 aconsumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to providedistractions from their financial insecurity v可知，句子表示“缺乏现金的消费者究竟如何证明他们的购买行为是合理的呢”，空格处意为s 证明合 理 ，是justify,句子是特殊疑问句，空前有how exactly d o,因此空格处用原形。故选A。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：首先，也许也是最明显的，消费者可能只是想时不时地犒劳一下自己

21、，让自己从财务上的不安全感中转移注意力。由下文Mconsumers may simply wish to givethemselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity 可知，句子表示“也许也是最明显的，消费者可能只是想时不时地犒劳一下自己，让自己从财务上的不安全感中转移注意力”，空格处意为“明显地”，用副词作状语，修饰后面的句子，是 obviously o 故选 F。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：另一种理论与劳动力市场有关。由下文“Specifically,during t

22、he economicdepression,job seeking tends to become more competitive.Thus,people_8_employmentmay perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance.Byusing products such as lipstick,they may feel more confident during job interviews.“可知，此处指的是“另一种理论与劳动力市场有关”，空格处意为“理

23、论”，是 theory。故选C。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外貌。由下文 uthey may feel more confident during job interview s可知，找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外貌，空格处意为“寻 找 ，是 seek,句中谓语是may perceive,空格处用非谓语动词，people和 seek之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故选J。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：无论口红效应的原因是什么，这种现象都不会昙花一现。由下文“theluxui-y

24、 cosmetics industry is one that w川 be sticking around”可知，这种现象都不会昙花一现，这将成为一种趋势，空格处意为“趋势”，是 trend。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：根据这些数据，即使在目前不稳定的经济气候下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也会继续存在。由第一段 的 the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures tobusinesses”可知，句子表示“即使在目前不稳定的经济气候下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也会继续存在，空格处意为“环境，气候”，是 climate。故选H。IILReading

25、 ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words orphrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase thatbest fits the context.The human memory is phenomenally strong.It also has a habit of getting things badly wrong.According to Jona

26、than Hancock,our memory expert,faulty memories can be 41 revealing.Just last week,42 my wife and I were discussing how wed chosen our youngest sonsname.I had a 43 memory of us writing out a list of possible names,but stopping after just afew because wed spotted one we both loved.My wife 44.In her me

27、mory,wed had a much longer list,and gone back and chosenone from the middle of the list.So we dug out the piece of paper wed used-and found that wed actually done somethingcompletely 45 to choose Nates nameMemory mistakes happen on a larger scale,too.The Mandela Effect“is when lots of peoplehave con

28、fident recollections that turn out to be 46.It was named by researchers who werediscussing their strong memories of Nelson Mandelas death in prison-when he actually lived for23 years after his 47.There are plenty of other examples of this phenomenon.If youre sure that you rememberseeing the Monopoly

29、 Man wearing a spyglass,for instance,or hearing a wicked queen say“Mirror,mirror on the wall/5 youve 48 it yourself(he doesnt,and she says,“Magic mirror on thewall 49).So whafs going on?Well,for starters,memory often works by 50、and similar bits ofinformation can overlap in our brains.Were also good

30、 at filling in the blanks“with details that arelogical but untrue.Whats more,whenever we run through a memory,we make it stronger51 any bits that were wrong.But theres plenty of good news here,too.Everyone misremembers.We shouldnt be too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes.Themental associations

31、 that sometimes lead to 52 can also help us to find information otherwisedifficult to locate.If youre 53 with someones name,try thinking of things you associate with them,andsee if your brain gets the push it needs.Discussing your memories is great mental exercise.It highlights strengths and weaknes

32、ses,andlets you learn tips from others.54 memories often builds a much more accurate picture.That was certainly true for mywife and me.Make sure to remember that remembering is a creative 55:mind-blowingly powerful,and also likely to make mistakes.41.A.subsequentlyB.extremelyC.rarelyD.instantly42 A.

33、on the contraryB.for exampleC.in additionD.by theway43.A.faintB.smartC.painfulD.vivid44.A.inferredB.hesitatedC.confirmedD.disagreed45.A.differentB.subjectiveC.primitiveD.contradictory46.A.wrongB.consistentC.substantialD.right47.A.rejectionB.releaseC.imprisonmentD.movement48.A.experiencedB.witnessedC

34、.anticipatedD.spread49.A.thoughB.finallyC.insteadD.otherwise50.A.conservationB.separationC.facilitationD.association51.A.excludingB.regardingC.includingD.considering52.A.errorsB.trialsC.factsD.data53.A.competingB.strugglingC.correspondingD.exchanging54.A.AttainingB.BoostingC.PerceivingD.Comparing55.

35、A.componentB.phaseC.outcomeD.process【答案】41.B42.B 43.D 44.D45.A 46.A 47.B48.A 49.C50.D 51.C52.A 53.B 54.D55.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了记忆错误发生的普遍性，并分析了这一现象产生的原因及应对措施。4 1 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据我们的记忆专家Jonathan Hancock的说法，错误的记忆是非常有启发性的。A.subsequently 后来；B.extremely 非常；C.rarely 很少；D.instantly 立亥！I o 根据下文The mental

36、associations that sometimes lead to_12_ can also help us tofind information otherwise difficult to lo c a te 可知，错误的记忆是非常有启发性的。故选Bo【42题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，就在上周，我和妻子还在讨论如何给小儿子取名字。A.on the contrary 相反；B.for example 例如；C.in addition 另外；D.by the way 顺便说一卜。根据下文“my wife and I were discussing how wed chosen o

37、ur youngest sons name 可知，此处是作者己自己的经历为例，空格处意为“例如”。故选B。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得，我们列出了一个可能的名字的清单，但只写了几个就停了下来，因为我们发现了一个我们都喜欢的名字。A.faint模糊的；B.smart聪明的；C.painful痛苦的；D.vivid生动的,逼真的。根据下文So we dug out the piece ofpaperwe，dused”可知，作者清楚地记得，曾经列出了一个可能的名字的清单，因此这段记忆是很生动逼真的。故选D。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妻子不同意。A.inferre

38、d推断；B.hesitated犹豫；C.confirmed 确 认;D.disagreed 不同意。根据下文 u wed had a much longer list,and gone backand chosen one from the middle of the list,可知，作者的妻子觉得当时列的清单更长，因此此处表示“妻子不同意”。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是，我们拿出了之前用过的那张纸，发现我们为了给内特取名字所做的事情其实完全不同。A.different不同的；B.subjective主观的；C.primitive原始的；D.contradictory

39、相互矛盾的。根据上文stopping after just a few 和 wed had amuch longer list”可知，作者发现他们为了给内特取名字所做的事情其实完全不同，故选Ao【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“曼德拉效应”指的是很多人自信满满的回忆最终被证明是错误的。A.wrong错误的；B.consistent 一致的；C.substantial大量的；D.right正确的。根据 上 文*Memory mistakes happen on a larger scale”可知，句子表示“曼德拉效应指的是很多人自信满满的回忆最终被证明是错误的。故选A。【47题详解】考查

40、名词词义辨析。句意：这个名字是由研究人员命名的，当时他们正在讨论对纳尔逊 曼德拉在狱中死亡的强烈记忆实际上，曼德拉在获释后还活了 23年 A.rejection拒绝；B.release 释放；C.imprisonment 监禁；D.movement 活动。根据上文he actuallylived for 23 years after”可知，曼德拉在获释后还活了 23年。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你确信你记得看到大富翁男人戴着望远镜，或者听到邪恶的女王说 镜子，墙上的镜子”，那么你自己也经历过（他没有，她反而说的是“墙上的魔镜”）。A.experienced 经历；

41、B.witnessed 目击;C.anticipated 预期；D.spread传播。根据上文youre sure that you remember seeing the Monopoly Man wearing a spyglass,for instance,or hearing a wicked queen say Mirror,mirror on the wall,”可知，此处表示“你自己也经历过这”。故选A。【49题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你确信你记得看到大富翁男人戴着望远镜，或者听到邪恶的女王说“镜子，墙上的镜子”，那么你自己也经历过（他没有，她反而说的是“墙上的魔

42、镜”A.though 虽 然;B.finally 最后；C.instead 反 而;D.otherwise 否则。根据 上 文“Mirror,mirror on the wall 和 Magic mirror on the wall 可知，此处表示她说的不是 Mirror,mirror on the w all,而 是 Magic mirror on the wall”,空 格 处 是 反 而 。故选 C。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，记忆通常是通过联想起作用的，相似的信息可以在我们的大脑中重叠。A.conservation 保存；B.separation 分离；C.facili

43、tation 促进；D.association联想。根据第12空前的The mental associations”可知，此处表示“记忆通常是通过联想起作用的。故选D。5 1 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，每当我们浏览一段记忆时，我们都会让它变得更强大-包括任何错误的部分。A.excluding把.排除在外；B.regarding认为；C.including 包 括;D.considering 考虑。根据上文Were also good at filling in the blanks”with details that are logical but untruen可知，我们会

44、把任何错误的部分包括进记忆中。故选Co【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时导致错误的心理联想也可以帮助我们找到难以定位的信息。A.errors 错 误;B.trials 试验；C.facts 事实；D.data 数据。根据上文“Were also goodat“filling in the blanks with details that are logical but untrue 和“_ 11_any bits that werewrong可知，句子表示“有时导致错误的心理联想也可以帮助我们找到难以定位的信息”。故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你努力地想记起某个人的

45、名字，试着想想与他们有关的事物，看看你的大脑是否得到了所需的推动。A.competing竞争；B.struggling努力；C.corresponding 通信；D.exchanging 交换。根据下文“try thinking of things you associate withthem,and see if your brain gets the push it needs”可知，此处表示“如果你努力地想记起某个人的名字，试着想想与他们有关的事物，看看你的大脑是否得到了所需的推动”。故选Bo【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比较记忆往往能构建出更准确的画面。A.Attaining获

46、得；B.Boosting 促进；C.Perceiving 理解；D.Comparing 比较。根据上文“Discussing yourmemories is great mental exercise.It highlights strengths and weaknesses,and lets you learn tipsfrom others”和下文 That was certainly true for my wife and me”及前文描述的作者和妻子有不同的记忆可知，此处表示“比较记忆往往能构建出更准确的画面”。故选D。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一定要记住，记忆是一个创

47、造性的过程：惊人的强大，也可能犯错误。A.component成分；B.phase阶段；C.outcome结果；D.process过程。根据上文u remembering is a creativ e和下文 umind-blowingly powerful,and also likely to makemistakes可知，此处表示“记忆是一个创造性的过程”。故选D。Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed byseveral questions or unfinished sta

48、tements.For each of them there are fourchoices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to theinformation given in the passage you have just read.(A)A rare 7 65-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England is expectedto sell for up to half a million pounds a

49、t auction.It is believed that the coin was made more than7 50 years ago,during the rule of the English King Henry III.It is one of only eight known to exist.Featuring a picture of King Henry III on one side and a cross and roses on the other,the coinis around 2.5 centimetres across.It was made with

50、gold that came from north Africa.It was foundin September last year by a detectorist(someone who looks for items buried underground using ametal detector)in Hemyock village.The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until heposted a photo of it on social media,where it was spotted by a histor