初中英语中考考点词汇精讲(共16个)3.doc
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1、中考英语考点词汇精讲1.finishfinish意为“完成,结束”,作及物动词时,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即:finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如:I finished my homework this morning.我今天上午做完了作业。When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么时候画完那幅画的?【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有:practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。practice doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事mind doing sth.
2、介意做某事keep doing sth.一直做某事2.afraid(1)be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”,be afraid 之后可接不定式,也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如:She was afraid to tell you.她害怕告诉你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night.她很怕深夜独自外出。Im afraid of the dog.我怕狗。(2)但若要表示担心可能会发生某事,则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如:Im afraid of
3、 being late for class.我担心上课迟到。(3)be afraid后可接that从句。例如:He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。3.realize(1)realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解”。例如:He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。I didnt realize how late it was.我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。When he realized what had ha
4、ppened, he was sorry.当他明白发生了什么事时,他感到很难过。(2)realize还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思。例如:The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思,但在具体用法上又有所差别。(1)recognize也可以用作及物动词,表示“认出, 辨认”的意思。例如:I recognized his voice.我辨认出了他的声音。I recognized her as my friends da
5、ughter.我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。(2)recognize还可以表示“清楚知道;认定”的意思。例如:I recognized him to be cleverer than I am.我认识到他比我聪明。4.improveimprove既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,意为“改进,提高,改善”,表示某事或某种情况逐渐好转。例如:Their French has improved a lot. 他们的法语进步很大。We havent discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改进它的办法。Youd better work out a plan to im
6、prove your writing skills.你最好制定一个提高写作能力的计划。We are always seeking to improve productivity.我们一直在设法提高生产率。5.discoverdiscover通常用作及物动词,主要用法有:(1)表示“发现”某一具体的东西,后接名词或代词作宾语。例如:Who discoveredAmerica? 谁发现了美洲?It was discovered among waste paper.这是在废纸中发现的。(2)表示“发现”某一情况,其后可以接名词或代词作宾语,也可接复合宾语或特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语。例如:We soo
7、n discovered the truth.我们很快发现了事实真相。We discovered her to be a good cook.我们发现她很会煮饭。We havent discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改进它的办法。【拓展】辨析:discover,find及invent(1)discover意为“发现,发觉(原先没看见或不知道的事物)”。He discovered electricity.他发现了电。(2)find 意为“找到;得到,求得”。I can find the answer to the question.我找到了问题的答案。(3
8、)invent 意为“发明,创造”。He invented the first electric clock.他发明了第一个电动机械钟。6.look uplook up 意为“(在词典或参考书中)查阅,检查”,其后跟名词作宾语,名词可放在look和up之间,也可放在look up 之后;如果代词作宾语,则只能放在look和up之间。例如:Look up the word in the book, and you will know its meaning.在书中查查这个词,你就知道它的意思了。Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.请仔细
9、在词典中查一下它们。【拓展】look 的相关短语:look up(在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息look for寻找look over(医生)仔细检查look around 环顾四周look after照看look at 看look down on 看不起7.patient(1)patient作形容词,意为“有耐心的, 能忍受的”,后接with/of。Hes a very patient man.他是个很有耐心的人。(2)patient作名词,意为“病人”。The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位医师对病人十分耐心。Would you m
10、ind making some room for the patient?请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗?8.create(1)create作动词,意为“创造,创作,创建”。God creates human beings.上帝创造了人类。An artist should create beautiful things.一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。It is people who create history. 是人民创造了历史。【拓展】creative作形容词,意为“有创造性的,有创意的”。Yoga releases the creative potential in life. 瑜伽释
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