上海市华东师范大学附属东昌中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语Word版含解析.docx

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1、华东师范大学附属东昌中学2021学年度高一第二学期期中考试英语试卷L Listening comprehension （25 分 1-10 每题 1 分,11-20 每题 1.5 分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be

2、 spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. By bus.B. By bicycle.2. A. At a paint store.C. At a science museum.3. A. Sams graduation day.C. Sams

3、excellent performance.4. A. He can handle the work with ease.C. He is fully engaged in his work.C. By car.D. By taxi.B. At an oil market.D. At a gallery.B. Sams assignment.D. Sams study habits.B He has a boss with a mild temper.D. He cant describe his duty at work.5. A. He behaved bravely in an eart

4、hquake.B. He rescued a baby from an earthquake.C. He donated money to the earthquake-hit area.D He saved a whole family on the carriage in an earthquake.6. A. She is upset that she missed the TV series.B. She doesnt like talking about TV series.C. She doesnt think the TV series was funny.D. She is a

5、ngry because she failed to enter the building.7. A. He wants to take the most direct way.8. He is worried about missing his train.9. He may be late for Jay Chows concert.10. He has been caught in a traffic jam for a long time.8. A. The dormitory hours.B. The problem with the rules.C. The door number

6、 of the dormitory.D. The time to open the dormitory.9. A. The chairs didnt need to be painted.B. He doesn*t like the color of the chairs.C. The park could have avoided the problem.D. The woman should have been more careful.10. A. Tiredness is a symptom of lacking exercise.B. The woman should spend m

7、ore time outdoors.C. More sleep can get the woman back onto the right track.D. People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.【答案】21.C22. J23.124.K25. A26. H27. G28. D29. E30. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了好时巧克力的创始人Milton Hershey在创办巧克力工厂时，经 历过多次创业失败，坚持不懈，最后成功建立了自己的巧克力品牌。21题详解】考查名词及短语。句意：Milton

8、S. Hershey的故事始于宾夕法尼亚州东南部，如果不注意到商业失败对它 的影响，你就无法充分地了解。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语do.justice,表示“充分了解， 公正对待”，故选C。【22题详解】考查副词。句意：起初，Milton就很了解他的父亲Henry似乎无止境创业失误。根据句意及句子结构可知， 此处应填副词，作状语，表示“似乎，用seemingly,故选J。【23题详解】考查名词。句意：Henry Hershey的坚持从未为自己带来回报，但却让他的儿子得到了回报。根据句意及句 子结构可知，此处应填名词，作主语，表示“坚持不懈”用persistence,故选I。【24题详

9、解】考查现在分词。句意：但不久之后，他从冰淇淋部门转到了糖果生意上，然后成为一名新兴的糖果制造商。 根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表示“新兴的。故填emerging,作定语，故 选K。25题详解】考查形容词。句意：但Milton发现它越来越难以应对终生的竞争。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用形 容词life-long,作定语，修饰名词competition,表示“终生的，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：一些处于同样情况的人可能已经放弃了，改变了他们的职业，或者只是找到了一份为别 人工作的工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“职业”，故填名词profession,作

10、宾语，故选H。【27题详解】考查动名词。句意：他回到兰开斯特，准备再试一次，成立一家新公司一一兰开斯特焦糖公司。根据句意 及句子结构可知，此处应表示“成立，建立。空前by是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填forming,故选Go【28题详解】考查时态。句意：虽然Milton在1893年在芝加哥举行的哥伦比亚博览会上买下了所有展览品，这些展品 将可可豆变成了糖果棒并赚了钱，但他认为未来在巧克力里。根据句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，that指 代先行词the entire exhibit,在从句中作主语，所有设空处填谓语动词。根据in 1893可知，时态用一般过去 时，动词应变过去式。根据句意，此处表

11、示“转变，改变，用transformed,故选D。【29题详解】考查过去分词。句意：他于1894年，在Derry Church的小镇开设了他的第一家巧克力工厂，后来被重新命 名，从那时起就被称为Hershey。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“重命名”。根据句子结构，The little town of Derry Church与rename是动宾关系，故用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词。空前有was,设空处故 填过去分词renamed,故选E。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：他将少数人的奢侈品，彻底变成了大众的享受。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示少 数人的“奢侈品”，故填名词luxury,故

12、选B。HI. Reading comprehensionSection A （15 分每题 1 分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Placebos （安慰剂）Prove PowerfulMany doctors know the story of Mr. Wright”. In

13、 1957 he was diagnosed with cancer, and given only days to live. He had tumours （月中）曹）the size of oranges. He heard that scientists had discovered a new medication, Krebiozen, that was 31 against cancer, and he begged the doctor to give it to him. His physician, Dr Phillip West, finally agreed. Afte

14、r Mr. Wright had been given an injection on a Friday afternoon, the 32 doctorfound his patient out of his “death bed, joking with the nurses the following Monday. The tumours”, the doctor wrote later, “had 33 like snow balls on a hot stove.”Two months later, Wright read medical reports that the medi

15、cation was fake. His condition immediately got worse again. “Dont 34 what you read in papers,the doctor told Wright. Then he injected him with what he said was “a new super-refined double strength” version of the drug. 35,there was no drug, just a mix ofsalt and water, but again it worked. Wright wa

16、s the picture of health for another two months until he read an official report saying that Krebiozen was 36. He died two days later.This story has been 37 by doctors for a long time, dismissed as one of those strange tales that medicine cannot explain. The idea that a patients 38 can make a fatal d

17、isease go away has been thought ofas too strange. But now scientists are discovering that the placebo effect is more powerful than anyone had ever thought. They are also beginning to discover how such miraculous results are 39. Through new techniquesof brain imagery, it can be shown that a thought,

18、a belief or a desire can cause chemical processes in the brain which can have powerful effects on the 40, Scientists are learning that some body reactions are notcaused by information coming into the brain from the outside world, but by what the brain 41 to happen next.Placebos are “lies that 42said

19、 Dr Anne Harrington, a historian of science at Harvard University.“The word placebo is Latin for I shall please” (or I shall make you happy) and it is typically a treatment that a doctor gives to 43 patients to please them,she said. It looks like medication, but has no healing ingredients whatsoever

20、. Nowadays, doctors have much more powerful medicines to fight disease. But these treatments have not diminished (减弱)the power of the placebo, quite the 44, Maybe when scientistsfully understand how placebos work, the powerful healing effects of the human 45 will be used more systematically!31.A.vag

21、ueB.uniqueC.32.A.astonishedB.disappointedC.33.A.expandedB.meltedC.34.A.take downB.look forC.35.A.ActuallyB.MoreoverC.36.A.beneficialB.popularC.37.A.studiedB.ignoredC.38.A.strugglesB.promisesC.39.A.achievedB.neglectedC.40.A.brainB.doctorC.41.A.advisesB.expectsC.42.A.healB.hurtC.43.A.optimisticB.caref

22、ulC.44.A.pointB.oppositeC.45.A.relationB.strengthC.【3145题答案】【答案】3LC 32. A33. B 34. D35. AB42. A 43. D44. B 45. DeffectiveD. impossibleaccumulatedD.movedmake outD.care aboutMeanwhileD.ConsequentlyworthlessD.availableinventedD.spreadrightsD.beliefsemphasizedD.mixedbodyD.processinstructsD.forbidsexistD

23、.fadepeculiarD.anxioustimeD.adventurebeingD.mind36. C 37. B38. D39. A 40. C 41.exhaustedD. experienced【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。通过Wright先生的故事，说明了安慰剂虽没有治疗成分，但有强大作用。这 主要是和大脑会预期发生什么事有关。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他听说科学家们发现了一种新的药物一一克氏菌素(Krebiozen),可以有效地 治疗癌症，于是他请求医生给他服用。A. vague模糊的；B. unique独特的；C.effective有效的；D. impossi

24、ble 不可能的。根据后文中，他听说此药物无效后病情恶化，可知，此处是听说药物对病情有效，所以才请求 服用的。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生惊讶地发现他的病人已经从“死亡之床”上爬了起来。A. astonished吃 惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. experienced熟练的。Wright先生从“死亡之床” 上爬起来，可知医生应该是非常的惊讶。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:像滚烫的火炉上的雪球一样融化了。A. expanded扩大；B. melted融化；C. accumulated积累；D. move

25、d移动。根据常识可知，雪球在火炉上会融化。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语。句意：不要在意你在报告上读到什么。A. takedown记下；B.look for寻找；C. make out JI 解；D. care about在意。Wright先生在医学报告上看见其实那个药物没有效果，病情恶化，此处医生应该是 说不要在意报告上的话。故选D。35题详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，没有药物，只有盐和水的混合物，但它又起作用了。A. Actually事实上；B. Moreover 而且；C.Meanwhile同时；D. Consequently因此。医生说那是一种新的超精炼的双倍强度的药物，但“实 际

26、上”它并没有药效。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Wright的健康状况又持续了两个月，直到他读到一份官方报告，说Krebiozen 毫无价值。A. beneficial有益的；B. popular流行的；C.worthless无价值的；D. available可获得的。Wright 看到报告后两天就去世了，可知他看到的应该是不好的消息，则Krebiozen是毫无价值的。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事长期以来一直被医生们忽视，被认为是医学无法解释的奇闻异事之一。A. studied研究；B. ignored忽视；C.invented发明；D. sprea

27、d伸展。这个现象无法解释，而且很奇怪；直 到后来科学家发现安慰剂作用真的很强大，也开始去探究它们为什么有那么大的功效。可知，这个无法解 释的问题以前一直被忽视，后来科学家才探究它。故选B。38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：认为病人的信念可以使绝症消失的想法一直被认为太奇怪了。A. struggles斗争； B. promises约定；C. rights权利;D. beliefs信念。安慰剂没有治疗作用,病人们的好转只能是因为他们的 信念，故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们也开始去发现这些神奇的结果是如何被实现的。A. achieved完成，实现;B. neglected 忽视

28、；C.emphasized强调；D. mixed混合。根据后文可知，此处说的是科学家们去探究安 慰剂是如何实现有治疗作用的，即那些结果是怎样被实现的。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过大脑成像的新技术，可以证明，一个想法、一个信念或一个愿望可以引起 大脑中的化学过程，对身体有强大的影响。A. brain头脑；B.doctor医生；C.body身体；D. process过程。 根据上文可知，人的信念、想法对身体状况有很大影响，故此处说的是这些想法引起大脑中的化学过程, 对身体有着很大影响。故选C。41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而是由大脑预期接下来会发生什么引起的。A. ad

29、vises建议；B.expects预料； C.instructs命令；D. forbids禁止。空前说的是一些身体反应不是由外界信息进入大脑引起的，而根据空后 的happen next,故此处是说大脑对接下来会发生什么进行预期。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安慰剂是“可以治愈的谎言”。A.heal治愈；B.hurt使疼痛；Cexist生存；D. fade逐渐消失。安慰剂虽没有治疗作用，但却可以让病人们好转，所以安慰剂是有治愈作用却是谎言一般 的存在。故选A。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它通常是医生为了让焦虑的病人高兴而给他们的一种治疗。A. optimistic乐观

30、 的；B. careful仔细的；C.peculiar罕见的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据前面提到，安慰剂这个词在拉丁语里的 意思是“我会让你高兴”，可知它应该是为了让“焦虑的”病人高兴起来。故选D。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这些治疗并没有削弱安慰剂的作用，恰恰相反。A.point要点；B.opposite对 立面；C.time时间；D. adventure冒险。quite the opposite恰恰相反。治疗没有削弱安慰剂的作用，反而更 有助于病情好转，此处指情况正好相反。故选B。45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类大脑强大的治愈作用将会被更系统地使用!A. relat

31、ion关系；B. strength力 量；C. being存在；D. mind大脑。根据上文可知，安慰剂本身没有治疗作用，身体好转是人类大脑的原因， 故此处说的是人类“大脑”强大的治愈作用。故选D。Section B （20 分每题 2 分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unHnished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.

32、 Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）One August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs. Carey. Lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of her house. Glancing up, he saw a l

33、arge wasp（黄蜂）nest under the roof. Allen had heard that wasps can become more likely to sting in summer. He mentioned this to Mrs. Carey, who had opened the door.“Oh, they dont bother me,“ she said lightly. I go in and out all the time.”Anxiously, Allen looked at the nest again一to see the wasps flyin

34、g straight at him. Hurry!” he shouted to Mrs. Carey. Get in!”She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran for his mini-bus. Too late; they were upon him. Just as he jumped aboard, half a dozen red spots showed on his arm, and he felt more on his back and shoulders.As he was driving down the road, Allen fel

35、t as if something was burning at the back of his neck, and the “fire” was spreading forward toward his face. And immediate anxiety took hold of him. Allen knew that stings could cause some persons to die. But he had been stung the previous summer and the after-effects soon passed. However, what he d

36、idnt know was that the first sting had turned his body into a time bomb waiting for the next to set off an explosion.Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tongue thick and heavy and his heartbeat louder. Most frightening, he felt his breathing more and more difficult. He

37、 reached for the radio 加来e（话筒）,trying to call the mini-bus center, but his words were hardly understandable. Signals were also poor that far out. He knew a rescue team was on 24-hour duty at the Amherst Fire Departments north station. So his best chance was to make a run for it.Rushing down the moun

38、tain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on each sharp turn. He was almost through the last of them when he felt sure he was going into s/zock（休克）.Just then he reached for the radio mike again.“Call fire station/9 he shouted, concentrating to form the words. Emergency. Bee sting. Emergency.

39、 There inten minutes.Five-ten,9, the center replied.Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake.At last, he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their hands grasp him before he hit the ground.“You made it，he thought.46. It is mentioned in the passage that wasps a

40、re more likely to attack whenB. strangers are approachingD. there are huge noisesA. the hottest season comes aroundC. the air is filled with food smell47. Allen failed at his first attempt to send his message to the mini-bus center becauseA.he was in a state of shockB.his radio equipment waspoorC.he

41、 was unable to speak clearlyD.no one was on duty48. Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Allen, A Helpless DriverB.A Race Against DeathC. Wasps, Bloody KillersD. War Against Wasps【4648题答案】【答案】46.A47. C 48. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者被黄蜂蜚后的自救的故事。【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Allen had heard that was

42、ps can become more likely to sting in summer.（艾伦听说 黄蜂在夏天更容易蜚人。）”可知黄蜂在夏天，天气最热的时候更容易蜚人。故选A。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的第二句 He reached for the radio mike（话筒）,trying to call the mini-bus center, but his words were hardly understandable4他伸手去拿无线电麦克风，试图呼叫小巴中心，但他的话几乎听不 懂。）”可知艾伦第一次试图向小巴中心发送信息时失败了，因为他说的话听不懂，说话不清。Co48题

43、详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知本文是以作者被黄蜂蛰伤后求救及与死亡作斗争的过程为主线。结合选 项可知选项B. A Race Against Death（与死亡的赛跑）概括文章内容较为全面。故选B。(B)y TV Voice ProDesigned by Hearing Specialists TV VOICE PRO AIR$299 USDI _ Hearing SpecialistsDevelop New UltraLightweight （超轻 的）TV Listening Earbuds 0塞）:At just Half an Ounce, they Weigh 90% Less

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