Unit 1 知识讲解--2022-2023学年度八年级英语下册基础知识专项讲练（人教版）.docx

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1、Unit 1 Whaf s the matter ?(知识讲解)一复习目标 A 常考短语、重点句型、核心语法与电微)HcaMi usd 6rvt al)tuMMr. tore. ftoLA0cL eksntdL dug. Gvcr Jie. rest couK X* ray. MTftztrr IdiacW JnEfjcngrt trouhie, iuLhatelC htndftgr fveat. udL knee. dm. bleed, bmtfic. oivichg duibv. mk. accidaii. Btfwhon. Uo. rock, tattfe. blood, nmm. 00

2、1)0(1100. deciaiaiL ccuiroL tptfit. death, mtmh% c a cnid, Iimc s tiwnachadac be down tdec one、icmpcntfm lime a Irv er tdl* (vwkit get ofi4 io * vurpnix. nghi iwwy. 0ct lohx be wied 4 take ndci. mi om |*L cut off, mi述 be m consol ou .1. Wht*,the nuMcr、lurve a touubchiche3. Wh*t thould I do?41 Should

3、 I tdoc my wmpmhKuiitaB c cn a they Ue expenOMX. ,I 9，一门-2 anMibouue9miAg考点精讲 ，频考点典例分析L变式巩固考点01What s the matter?【知识详解】Whafs the matter?表示“怎么了/出什么事了？ ”常用来询问某人患了什么疾病或者遇到 了什么麻烦，其后通常用with引出具体询问的对象。【拓展】Whafs the matter?的同类句型： Whats wrong with .? Whafs up with.? Whafs the trouble with.?(4)=What happened

4、to you?Whats up?What!s the problem ?Is there anything wrong with you?【例句】一Whats the matter? 一Bad luck. I lost my pen.你怎么 了 ？运气不好，我把钢笔丢了。考点02have a cold表示(患)感冒”【知识详解】have a cold表示“(患)感冒”。其中have用作及物动词，意为“患(病)；遭受(病痛)”，“have a/an+疾病名称表示患病或身体某部位不舒服，不能用于进行时态。【拓展】表达疾病的句型have a +疾病例：have a cold 感冒；have a fe

5、ver 发烧；have a cough 咳嗽have a +身体部位-ache例：have a headache 头痛；have a toothache 牙痛have a sore +身体部位例：have a sore throat 咽喉痛；have a sore back 背痛Theres something wrong with sb，s +身体部位:身体某部位有毛病例：Theres something wrong with my right eye.我的右眼有点毛病某人hurt(s)身体部位：某人伤着身体某个部位了仞J ：I hurt my foot when I played foot

6、ball.考点03see sb doing / do sth【知识点详解】see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调看到的动作正在进行；see sb. do sth,“看见某人做了某事”，强调看见动作的全过程或看见动作经常发生。【例句】I can see some children playing games.我能看见一些孩子在玩游戏。I saw him repair his bike.我看见他修了他的自行车。【拓展】v. + sb+doing/do 的常见动词：一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),四看(see, look at, watch, n

7、otice)考点04get off表示“下车”【知识点详解】get off表示“下车”，多指从公交汽车下来，其后可接宾语，其反义短语为get on。【辨析】get off, get on, get into 与 get out of【例句】get off意为“下（汽车、火车、飞机等）”后面常跟较大的交通工具get on意为“登上（汽车，火车等）”get into意为“进入（小汽车，出租车等）”，后面常跟较小的交通工具get out of意为“从（小汽车、出租车等”）下来When I got on the bus, I saw my teacher sitting there.当我上公交车的时候

8、，我看见我的老师正坐在那里。He get out of the car and went into the hall.他从汽车里下来,走进了 大厅。考点05with / without 的用法【知识点详解】With“具有，带有，表示事物所具有的性质、特征，其反义词为without,意为“没有“； without后接名词、代词宾格或v-ing作宾语，without doing sth,“没有做某事”, 动名词作宾语。【例句】China is a country with a long history.中国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家。She left the room without saying

9、a word.她一句话没有说就离开了房间。考点06keep的用法【知识点详解】keepto oneself：保守秘密keep a secret for sb ：为某人保守秘密keep sb或sth+形容词：使某人（某物）处于一种状态，keep sb或sth doing sth：使某人（某物）持续干某事keep on doing sth：坚持干某事keep（sb）from doing sth阻止（某人）做某事=stop（sb）- from doing sth例 1 ： His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climb

10、ing mountains even afterthis experience他对登山如此酷爱，甚至在这次断臂经历之后他还继续登山。 例 2：A did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today A在这次意外之后没有放弃，如今他继续登山。(注意:give up(doing) sth放弃干某事)考点07agree意为“同意”agree意为“同意”，动词，其反义词是disagree“不同意”，其名词形式是agreemen俨同意”。agree with sb.同意某人”,disagree with sb不

11、同意某人agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。【例句】I agree with you.我同意你的观点。I agree to take piano lessons.我同意去上钢琴课。考点08thanks to意为“由于、多亏”【知识点详解】thanks to意为“由于、多亏在句中作状语，常位于句首,有时可与with the help of或because of进行同义转换。【例句】Thanks to Mary, I finished the homework on time.多亏了 玛丽，我及时完成了 作业。【拓展】thanks for意为“因而感谢，for强调为何

12、而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing。考点09be/get used to doing sth.意为习惯于做某事”【知识点详解】be/get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，其后接动名词作宾语。【例句】My grandpa is used to living in country.我爷爷习惯居住在农村。【拓展】used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”;be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”考点10have problems (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”【知识点详解】have problems (in) doing sth.意为“

13、做某事有困难”，动名词作宾语，其同义短语为 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.【例句】We have problems getting to the mountain village before dark.天黑之前我们彳艮难至达山村。考点11run out的用法【知识点详解】sth.runou俨某物被用完，耗尽。其主语通常是被用尽的时间、食物、金钱等。sb. run out of sth. “某人用完，耗尽”，其主语为表示人的名词或代词，宾语为被用尽 的物，相当于use叩。【例句】Her money soon ran out.她的钱很快用完了。I

14、have run out of all my money.我已经用完了所有的钱。【拓展】run out of表示“从中跑出去”。如： A big animal ran out of the zoo last night.考点12lie用法【知识点详解】（l）lie:平躺（动词） 撒谎（动词）位于（动词）记忆方法：规则的撒谎：lielied-lying 不规则的平躺：lie-lay-lyinglay-laid放置产卵（动词）（3） lie in位于（内部）lie to位于（外部，遥遥相望）例1：例1：例2：例3：例4：I think you should lie down and rest.我认

15、为你应该躺下休息会儿There is a dog lying in the street.有只狗躺在街上Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong.青岛位于山东东部Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国东部expect的用法:【知识点详解】expect期待expect that期待expect sth （或sb）：期待某事（期待某人）expect sb to do sth ：期待某人去做某事，1列 1 ：He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait

16、for the next bus.他希望大部分或所有的乘客下车等下一班车，伊J 2：He is a person who never changes his mind so please dont expect him to give up his idea . 他是一个不改变主意的人，所以请不要期盼他改变主意，考点14surprise的用法【知识点详解】surprise sb令某人吃惊in surprise惊奇的to ones surprise令某人吃惊的是be surprised that对感到吃惊be surprised to do sth吃惊地去做某事be surprised at对吃

17、惊give sb a surprise给某人个惊喜例 1 ： Bring A without telling her so that she can be surprised.把A带到聚会上，但是先不要告诉他，这样，她能感到惊喜。例 2：To his surprise,they all agreed to go with him令他惊奇的是，他们都同意和他一起去（注意：agree to do sth同意去做某事agree with sb同意某人的观点）例3：Mr. Huo is surprised at the surprising news.霍老师对这个吃惊的消息感到吃惊例4：Mr Huo was surprised to hear his success 听到他成功的消息霍老师感到吃惊例 5 ：Pm surprised that Mr.Huo came with a piece of surprising news.我惊讶于霍老师带了一条令人吃惊的消息.