2023年医学复习最全面精品资料外科词汇.pdf

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1、 单纯性甲状腺肿 simple goiter 地方性甲状腺肿 endemic goiter 结节性甲状腺肿 nodular goiter 甲状腺功能亢进 hyperthyroidism 毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿 Gravers 病 toxic diffuse goiter 毒性甲状腺腺瘤 toxic thyroid adenoma 毒性多发结节性甲状腺肿 toxic multinodular goiter 高功能腺瘤 hyperfunctioning thyroid adenoma 突眼性甲状腺肿 exophthalmic goiter 长效甲状腺刺激素 long acting thyroid st

2、imulator，LATS 甲状腺刺激素免疫球蛋白 thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin,TSI 甲状旁腺功能减退 hypoparathyroidism 甲状腺危象 thyroid crisis 甲状腺腺瘤 thyroid adenoma 甲状腺癌 thyroid carcinoma 乳头状癌 papillary carcinoma 滤泡状腺癌 follicular carcinoma 未分化癌 anaplastic carcinoma 髓样癌 medullary carcinoma 细针穿刺抽吸活检 fine-needle aspiration biopsy,

3、FNAB 降钙素 calcitonin 原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 primary hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺素 parathyroid hormone,PTH 甲状旁腺腺瘤 parathyroid adenoma 甲状旁腺增生 parathyroid hyperplasia 颈淋巴结结核 tuberculosis of cervical lymph node 甲状腺舌管囊肿 thyrogiossal duct cyst 钼靶 X线摄片 radiography with molybdenum target tube 干板照相 xeroradiography 急性乳腺炎 acu

4、te mastitis 乳房后脓肿 retromammary abscess 乳腺病 mastopathy 纤维腺瘤 fibroadenoma 乳管内乳头状瘤 intraductal papilloma 乳腺癌 breast cancer 乳房肉瘤 breast sarcoma 分叶状肿瘤 phylloides tumor 分叶状纤维腺瘤 phylloides ibroadenoma 叶状囊肉瘤 cystosarcoma phylloides 炎性乳腺癌 inflammatory breast carcinoma 乳头湿疹样乳腺癌 Pagets carcinoma of the breast

5、乳腺癌根治术 radical mastectomy 乳腺癌扩大根治术 extensive radical mastectomy 乳腺癌改良根治术 modified radical mastectomy 全乳房切除术 total mastectomy 保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术 lumpectomy and axillary dissection 男性乳房肥大症 gynecomastia 肺大疱 Pulmonary bulla 支气管扩张 Bronchiectasis 肺结核 Pulmonary tuberculosis 肺棘球蚴病 Pulmonary echinococcus 肺癌 Lung ca

6、ncer 支气管腺瘤 Adenoma of bronchus 直疝 direct hernia 腹股沟直疝 direct inguinal hernia 上腹疝 epigastric hernia 股疝 femoral hernia 疝 hernia 白线疝 hernia of linea alba 嵌顿疝 incarcerated hernia 切口疝 incisional hernia 腹股沟斜疝 indirect inguinal hernia 难复性疝 irreducible hernia 易复性疝 reducible hernia 绞窄性疝 strangulated hernia 无

7、张力疝修补术 tension-free hernioplasty 脐疝 umibilical hernia 腹 腔 peritoneal cavity 腹 膜 peritoneum 肿瘤坏死因子 Tumoc necrosis factoz，TNF 继发性腹膜炎 secondary peritonitis 原发性腹膜炎 primary peritonitis 克隆氏病 Crohns disease 膈下脓肿 subphrenic abscess 盆腔脓肿 pelvic abscess 肠间脓肿 interloop abscess 希氏角 His angle进展期胃癌 advanced gastr

8、ic cancer 胃癌 Borrmann 分型 Borrmann Classification 胃癌 carcinoma of stomach 慢性萎缩性胃炎 chronic atrophic gastritis 先天性肥厚性幽门梗阻 congenital hypertrophic pylorostenosis 十二指肠憩室 duodenal diverticulum 早期胃癌 early gastric cancer 胃良性肿瘤 gastric benign tumor 胃平滑肌肉瘤 gastric leiomyosarcoma 胃恶性淋巴瘤 gastric malignant lymph

9、oma 胃息肉 gastric polyps 胃肉瘤 gastric sarcoma 残胃 gastric stump Krukenberg瘤 Krukenbery tumor 胃癌 Lauren 分型 Lauren Classification 皮革胃 linitis plastica 胃粘膜巨大皱壁症 Mntrier disease 癌前疾病 precancerous disease 癌前病变 precancerous lesions 胃癌分期 staging of gastric cancer 肠系膜上动脉综合症 superior mesenteric artery syndrome V

10、irchow 淋巴结 Virchow lymph node 消化性溃疡 peptic ulcer，PU 十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer，DU 胃溃疡 gastric ulcer，GU 幽门螺杆菌 helicobacter pylori，Hp 胃瘫 gastroparesis 倾倒综合征 dumping syndrome 十二指肠空肠悬韧带处 Treitz ligament 奥厄巴赫神经丛 Auerbach plexus 麦斯纳神经丛 Meissnei plexus 肠脑 gut brain 肠结核 tuberculosis of intestine 伤寒 typhoid Crohn

11、 病 Crohns disease 溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis 局限性肠炎 regional enteritis 中毒性巨结肠 toxic megacolon 肠梗阻 intestinal obstruction 肠扭转 volvulus 肠套叠 intussusception 急性肠系膜血管缺血性疾病 Acute mesenteric ischemia 短肠综合征 Short Bowel Syndrom 谷氨酰胺 glutamine 胰岛素样生长因子 1 insulin-like growth factor 1 息肉 polyps 息肉病 polyposis 色素沉着

12、息肉综合征 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome 家族性腺瘤性息肉病 familial adenomatous polyposis 肠息肉病合并多发性骨瘤和多发性软组织瘤 Gardner syndrome 5羟吲哚乙酸 5 HIAA 结肠癌 colon cancer 肠闭锁 Intestinal atresia 肠狭窄 Intestinal stenosis 先天性肠旋转不良 Congenital intestinal malrotation 亚叶酸钙 Calcium folinate，CF 左旋咪唑 Levamisole，LMS 呋氟尿嘧啶 FT-207 阑尾 Appendix 麦氏

13、点 McBurneys point 阑尾炎 Appendicitis 急性阑尾炎 Acute appendicitis 单纯性阑尾炎 Simple appendicitis 化脓性阑尾炎 Suppurative appendicitis 坏疽性阑尾炎 Gangrenous appendicitis 蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎 Phelgmonous appendicitis 疑似性阑尾炎 Suspected appendicitis 慢性阑尾炎 Chronic appendicitis 复发性阑尾炎 Recurrent appendicitis 阑尾肿瘤 Appendix tumors 粘液囊肿 Muc

14、ocele 类癌 Carcinoid tumors 腺癌 Adenocarcinoma 假粘液瘤 Pseudomyxoma 阑尾切除术 Appendectomy 间隔阑尾切除术 Interval appendectomy 附带阑尾切除术 Incidental appendectomy 预防阑尾切除术 Prophylactic appendectomy 腹腔镜阑尾切除术 Laparoscopic appendectomy 化脓性门静脉炎 Pylephlebitis 肝脏 liver 韧带 ligament 肝圆韧带 ligament teres 细菌性肝脏脓肿 bacterial liver a

15、bscess 化脓性肝脏脓肿 pyogenic liver abscess 阿米巴性肝脏脓肿 amebic liver abscess 肝脏肿瘤 tumor of liver 肝脏良性肿瘤 benign tumor of liver 海绵状血管瘤 cavernous hemangioma 肝脏腺瘤 hepatic adenoma 肝脏局灶性结节增生 focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH 肝脏恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor of liver 原发性肝癌 primary liver cancer，PLC 肝细胞性肝癌 hepatocellular carcinoma

16、,HCC 胆管细胞性肝癌 cholangiocarcinoma 纤维板层癌 fibrolamellar carcinoma 甲胎蛋白-fetoprotein，AFP 肝动脉插管栓塞化疗 trans-arterial chemotherapy and embolization，TACE 射频 radiofrequency ablation，RFA 无水酒精注射治疗 percutaneous ethnol injection，PEI 转移性肝癌 metastatic liver cancer 继发性肝癌 secondary liver cancer 肝棘球病 Hepatic Echinococco

17、sis,HE 肝囊型包病 Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis,HCE 肝泡型包虫病 Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis,HAE 内囊 Endocyst 原头节 Protoscolices 内囊摘除术 Endocystectomy 外囊摘除术 Pericystectomy 门静脉高压症 Portal hypertension 门静脉 Portal vein 脾 Spleen 脾静脉 Splenic vein 肝硬化 Liver cirrhosis 侧支循环 Collateral circulation 食管曲张静脉 Esophageal var

18、ices 腹水 Ascites 呕血 Hematemesis 便血 Hematochezia 肝窦 Hepatic sinusoid 肝静脉 Hepatic vein 布加综合征 Budd-Chiari syndrome 脾肿大 Splenomegaly 血吸虫病 Schistosomiasis 脾技能亢进 Hypersplenism 曲张静脉破裂出血 Variceal bleeding 门静脉高压性胃病 Portal hypertensive gastropathy 肝性脑病 Hepatic encephalopathy）门体分流性脑病 Portosystemic encephalopath

19、y 肝昏迷 Hepatic coma 肝脏移植 Liver transplantation 门体分流手术 Portosystemic shunt surgery 断 流 手 术 Pericardioesophageal devascularization,Portaazygous vascular disconnection 内窥镜治疗 Endoscopic sclerotherapy 气囊压迫止血 Balloon tamponade 经颈门静脉肝内门体分流术 Transjugnlar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt 脾切除术 Splenectomy Calo

20、t 三角（胆囊三角）Calots triangle Charcot 三联征 Charcot s Triad Hartmann 袋 Hart manns haustra Heister瓣 Heisters valve Mirizzi综合征 Mirizzis Syndrome Murphy 征 Murphys sign Oddi 括约肌 Oddis sphincter Oddi 括约肌成形术 Oddis Sphincteroplasty Vater 壶腹 Vaters ampulla 白胆汁 White bile 磁共振胆胰管造影(MRCP)Magneticresonancecholangiopa

21、ncreaticography,MRCP 胆肠吻合术 Cholangio-jejunostomy 胆道镜检查 Choledochoscope examination 胆管的生理功能 Physiological function of the bile duct 胆管结石 Calculus of bile duct 胆囊的生理功能 Cholecystic physiological function 胆囊结石 Cholecystolithiasis 胆石病 Cholelithiasis 胆汁酸代谢 Bile acid metabolism 经皮肝穿刺胆管造影(PTC)Percutaneous t

22、ranshepatic cholangiography,PTC 经皮肝穿刺置管引流术(PTCD)Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage,PTCD 静脉胆道造影 Venous cholangiography 口服法胆囊造影 Oral cholecystography 内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP 十二指肠引流 Duodenal drainage 先天性胆道闭锁(CBA)Congenital biliary atresia,CBA 先天性胆管囊

23、状扩张症 Congenital cystic dilation of the bile duct 胆囊切除术 cholecystectomy 腹腔镜胆囊切除术 laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC 胆囊造口术 cholecystostomy 急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎 acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis,AOSC Charcot 三联征 Charcot Triad Reynolds 五联征 Reynold pentalogy 磁共振胆管胰腺造影术 magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogr

24、aphy,MRCP 内镜逆行性胆管胰管造影术 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP 内镜括约肌切开术 endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST 内镜鼻胆管引流术 endoscopic nasobiliary drainage,ENBD 原发性硬化性胆管炎 primary sclerosing cholangitis,PSC 经皮经肝胆道造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography,PTC 胰腺 Pancreas 胰腺肿瘤 Neoplasm of the pancrea

25、s 胰腺癌 Pancreatic cancer 导管细胞癌 Duct cell adenocarcinoma 梗阻性黄疸 Obstructive jaundice 经皮经肝胆道置管引流 Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage,PTCD 内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography，ERCP 胰十二指肠切除术 Pancreaticoduodenectomy 保留幽门的胰头十二指肠切除术 Pylori-preserved pancreatic duodenal res

26、ection 壶腹 Ampulla 十二指肠 Duodenum 壶腹部癌 Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater 壶腹周围癌 Periampullary adenocarcinoma 胰腺囊性肿瘤 Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas 浆液性囊腺瘤 Serous cystadenoma 粘液性囊腺瘤 Mucinous cystadenoma 胰瘘 Pancreatic fistula 窦道造影 Fistulography 胰腺内分泌肿瘤 Endocrine tumor of pancreas 胰岛素瘤 Insulinoma 胃泌素瘤 Ga

27、strinoma 胰高血糖素瘤 Glucagonoma 多发性内分泌肿瘤型 Multiple endocrine neoplasm Type I,MEN 卓-艾综合征 Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome 急性胰腺炎 Acute Pancreatitis 慢性胰腺炎 Chronic Pancreatitis 逆行性胆胰管造影 ERCP Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography 全身炎症反应综合征 Systemic Inflammatory Reaction Syndrome 代偿性抗炎症反应综合征 Compensatory A

28、nti-inflammatory Reaction Syndrome 弥散性血管内凝血 DIC Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 多器官功能障碍综合征 MODS Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome 心肌抑制因子 MDF，Myocardial Depressant Factor 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 ARDS，Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Grey-Turner 征 左腰部出现青紫色斑 Cullen 征 脐周出现青紫色斑 APACHE II Acute Physiology a

29、nd Chronic Health Evaluation II 肠内营养 EN Enteral Nutrition 完全胃肠外营养 TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition 消化道出血 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 呕血 Hematemesis 便血 Hematochezia 胃溃疡 Gastric ulcer 胃癌 Carcinoma of the stomach 食道胃底静脉曲张 Esophageal and gastric fundus varices 胆道出血 Biliary bleeding 结直肠癌 Carcinoma of the c

30、olon and rectum 结直肠息肉 Polyp of the colon and rectum 节段性肠炎 Crohns disease 结肠憩室 Diverticulum of the colon 先天性胃肠道毛细血管扩张症 Congenital capillarectasia of gastrointestinal tract 小肠海绵状血管瘤 Cavernous hemangioma(angiocavernoma)急腹症 Acute abdomen 腹腔器官及腹膜炎症 Inflammation of abdominal organs and peritonitis 腹部空腔器官穿

31、孔 Perforation of abdominal hollow organs 腹部出血 Abdominal bleeding 肠梗阻 Intestinal Obstruction 肠绞窄 Strangulation of intestinal tract 卵巢绞窄 Ovary strangulation 肠系膜动脉栓塞 Thrombosis of mesenteric arteries 急性附件炎 Acute annexitis 急性盆腔炎 Acute inflammation of pelvic cavity 卵巢黄体破裂 Torsion of ovary tumors 异位妊娠破裂 Rupture of heterotopic pregnancy 急性肠系膜淋巴结炎 Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis 急性肺炎 Acute pneumonia 急性胸膜炎 Acute pleuritis(pleurisy)心肌梗死 Cardiac infarction 肺动脉栓塞 Thrombosis of pulmonary artery