医学专业英语5.pdf
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1、Chapter 6SkinPart Icutaneoussubcutaneoushyperhidrosisanhidrosiskeratosiskeratinlipomalipocytelipectomymelanomamelanocytemelaninonychomalaciaonychomycosisparonychiapiloerectionosebaceousseborrheasebaceoussebaceous cystsquamoussquamoeellularpertaining tOthe skinpertaining to beneath the skinexcessive
2、sweatingcondition characterized by little or rio sweat productionany homy growth On the skina hardo protein material found in the epidermis,hair and nailsgrowth made up offatty tissuea fat cellsu 唧 cal removal of subcutaneous fattumor ofthe dark pigment cellscellthatfonnsmelanina black pigment forme
3、d by melanocytes in epidermissoftening ofthe fingernailsa disease of nail in which the nails becWwhite,opaque,thickened and brittlepar-II leans rlear orbeside.Thetermisinflammation and swelling ofthesofttissue aroundthenailhair standing On the endsebace/o m tls a gland that secrets sebum;pertaining
4、to the hair glallds and sebaceousglandsexcessive secletioH of sebumpertainingto s bUrila couecdon ofSebulnfrom a sebaceous gland;the cystmay enlarge andmay becomei tedpertaining to scale-like(cells)having squamous cells-237-续 表 Tenninology Meaningsudorific8udationsudariumeellulitiscellularadiposeadi
5、posisalbinismalbinoc a u.agiacausticdiaphoresisdiaphoretice,themaerythematottserythemogenichistioeytehistiocytomaichthyosisichthyotoxicdermatophytosisphytochemistrysteatomasteatosistrichomyeosi trichology1111昏 1丑 1subuj xanthomaxanthodermapyodermasclerodermaanthraeosisanthracotherapychlorophyllchlor
6、osiscyanosiscyanogenetleleucocyteleukocyticcolLlgenpromoting the flow of sweatthe act or process of sweatinga sweat bathinflammation and infection of all layers of skinpertaining to cellsfatty,the fat present in the cells offatty tissueobesity,an ex(3e88ive accumulation offat in the bodya hereditary
7、 lack of pigment in the skin,hair and eyesa person with skin deficient in pigmentintensely unpleasant burning flensation in skin and muscles when there is 也 uTlage to nelwlhaving a bumingtasteperspiration,and especially profuse sweatingstimulatingthe Sec1tion of sweatdiffuse redness ofthe skinpertai
8、ning to erythemacausing el3hemaa large phagocyte present in eo!3neelive tissue of the skin;macropha-,e.atumor containing histiocytea dry,scaly condition ofthe skincaused by the toxic principle offisha ehronic superficial flungus infection of the skin ofthe footthe stuay of chemical processes that ta
9、ke plaee in plantsa cysdc collection offatty material that forms in a sebaceous glandfatty degeneration,disease ofthe sebaceous 毗 fungal infection ofthe hairthe sum of stuay regarding the hairpertaining to the nailsituated beneath a naila tumor of yellow color in the skin,due to deposits oflipoidsa
10、yellow color ofthe skinpyo means pus;any purulent skin diseasesclem rrlem8 Hard:a disease Ofthe skin in which hard and pigmented patches occura kind oflung disease caused by the inhalation of coal dusttrealment with charcoalthe green coloring n3BItelof plants by which photosynthesis is obtained孕 een
11、 sicknessblueness ofthe skinproducing cyanogen acidwhite blood cellspertainingtoleucocytestructural protein found in the skin and connective tissue-238-forming续 表 Part II ExercisesA.1.sweat3.black5.sebum7.white9.scalyB.1.phyt/o3.trich/o,pil/o5.caus/o7.-derma9.chlor/oC.1.an/hidr/osisanhidrosismelanoc
12、vteseborrheaalbinismichthyosisphytochemistrytrichologycausalgiapyodennachlorophyllwithout/sweat/conditioncondition characterized by inadequateOr no sweating3.chem/abrasionchemical/scrapinguBe of chemicals to scrape away a layerof skin cells5.sebo/rrheasebum/dischargeexcessive discharge(secrction)of
13、sebmn7.seb/aceous cystsebum/pertaining to;cystsebum-filled cyst9.trans/derm/althrough;across/skin/pertaining topertaining to across the skinD.1.anhidrosis5.onychomycosis2.keradon6.piloerection2.horn-like4.hair6.fat8.Ie(Iness10.nailkemtosispiloerectionadiposiserythemasubungual2.steat/o,adip/o,lip/o s
14、teatoma4.sud/o,hidr/o sudorific6.xanth/o xanthon-8.anthrac/o anthracosis10.cyan/o cyanosis2.melan/omablack/tumorblack tUlTIOr(arising from melanocytes)4.erythro/dermared/skin-ne88 of the skin6.kerat/osishard:hornlike/conditionany horny growth(on the skin)8.sub/cutane/ousunder;beneath/skin/pertaining
15、 topertaining to beneath the skin10.intra/denn/alwithin;inside/skin/pertaining topertaining to within the skin3.1 ipectomy7.sebaceous cyst4.melanin8.squamocellular-239o 9.sudarium13.diaphoresis17.tfichology10.adipose14.erythema18.xanthomaPass OneA.(omitted)B.1.C 2.E7.K 8.LC.1.heparin5.melanin9.albin
16、oD.Ooze1.1 ittle5.hormone9.against13.outer17.cells3.A9.G2.1 ipocyte6.stratified10.corimn2.essential6.pressure10.surface14.without18.outwards4.B10.H11.albino15.histiocytoma19.scleroderma5.F11.I3.fibroblast7.basal layer11.histiocyte3.Of7.out11.1 ayers15.epidermis19.consists12.causalgia16.dermatophytos
17、is20.chlorophyll6.D12.J4.coHagen8.stratum comeum12.cuticle4.think8.detects12.ITliddle16.shedding20.awayE.The skin and its accessory olgan8 are known as the integumentary system of the body.It is,however,more than a simple body coveting.The skin,a8 a complex system of specialized tissuescontains glan
18、ds that secrete several types of fluids,nerves that can*y impulses,and blood vesselsthat aid in the regulation of the body temperature.The important functions ofthe skin are asfollows.First,as a protective ITlembrane over the entire body,the skin guards the deeper tissues of thebody against excessiv
19、e loss of water,salts,and heat and against invasion of pathogens and theirtox ins.Secretions from the skin are slishfly acid in nature,and this contributes to the skinS ability toprevent bacterial invasion.Second,the skin contains two types of glands that produce important sec 陀 tions.These 甜 andsun
20、der the skin aJe the sebaceous and sweat glands.The sebaceous glands produce all oay secretioncalled sebum,and the sweat glands produce a watery secretion called sweat.Sebum and sweat arecarried to the outer edges of the skin by ducts and excreted from the skin through openings orpores.Sebum helps t
21、o lubricate the surface of the skin,and sweat helps to cool the body as it evaporatesfrom the skin surface.Third,nerve fibers located under the skin act as receptors for sensations such 88 pain,temper oature,pressure,and touch.The adjustment of an individual to her or his environment is thus depende
22、nt on the sensory messages.It is the sensitive nerve endings in the skin that relay themessages一 240to the brain and spinal cord.Passage TwoA.(omitted)B.atune eruptioncyst tretinoinpruritus pollensc 山 fibrosismycosis infiltrationC.1.squamous-cell carcinoma4o-eroder/Ila7.systemic lupus e-3rthematosus
23、9.psoriasisD.1.C 2.D 3.6.H 7.E 8.Passage ThreecomedoerythemagangreneplaquepalliativepapuleeCZelllapaonasmcaluscontagious2.acne 3.tinea5.gangrene 6。L:3zemfl8.malignant melanoma10.basel cell carcinoma4.B9.J5.G10.I1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F10.T译 文:概 述 皮 肤 是 种 保 护 性 器 官,它 是 由 儿 层 组 织 和 一 些 附 属
24、器 官(包 括 指 甲、毛 囊、油 脂 腺 与 汗 腺)组 成。这 些 结 构 在 很 大 的 范 围 内 共 同 起 到 保 护 和 调 整 作 用。皮 肤 和 它 的 附 属 器 官 能 帮 助 人 体 免 于 伤 害、细 菌 入 侵、脱 水 和 有 害 的 紫 外 光。而 且,这 些 结 构 对 体 温 的 调 节 与 一 些 体 内 废 物 的 排 泄 起 着 很 重 要 的 作 用。皮 肤 里 还 存 在 着 许 多 神 经 末 梢,使 之 能 感 受 疼 痛、温 度、压 力 和 接 触。241结 构 和 生 理 皮 肤 是 一 个 极 为 复 杂 的 器 官,它 分 为 三 层:表
25、 皮、真 皮 和 皮 下 组 织。指 甲、毛 发、油 脂 腺 和 汗 腺 这 儿 种 附 属 器 官 嵌 于 这 三 层 组 织 或 者 覆 盖 在 其 表 面。图 6 1指 明 了 这 些 结 构,下 面 的 文 章 也 将 具 体 介 绍 每 种 结 构。表 皮 表 皮 是 在 最 外 面 的,完 全 是 皮 肤 的 细 胞 层。它 由 鳞 状 上 皮 细 胞 组 成。上 皮 细 胞 覆 盖 了 整 个 内 部 和 外 部 的 人 体 表 面。鳞 状 上 皮 细 胞 是 扁 平 的,就 象 鳞 片 一 样。这 些 细 胞 在 皮 肤 的 外 表 排 成 几 层,所 以 被 称 为 复 层
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