全国高校英语应用能力考试B级重点.pdf

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1、全 国 高 校 英 语 应 用 能 力 考 试 B 级 重 点 难 点 虚 拟 语 气 H 引 导 的 条 件 从 句 主 句 动 词 的 过 去 式(b e动 词 过 去 式 用 were)Would/should/could/might+tl 词 原 形 Had+过 去 分 词 Would/should/could/might+have+过 去 分 词 Shoukl+动 词 原 形/were to+动 词 原 形 Would/should/c（）uld/might+动 词 原 形 虚 拟 语 气 用 在 状 语 从 句 中。虚 拟 语 气 最 多 地 用 在 表 示 条 件 的 状 语 从

2、 句 和 表 示 结 果 的 从 句 中。在 表 示 与 事 实 相 反 的 虚 拟 语 气 时，动 词 有 三 种 时 态 形 式，即 现 在、过 去 和 将 来。A.与 现 在 事 实 相 反 的：If I(we,you,he,they)+动 词 过 去 式.if I(he,she)were.I(we)should+动 词 原 形。He(you,they)would+动 词 原 形。If I were you,I should buy it.如 果 我 是 你，我 就 买 了 它。If I had time,I would study French.如 果 我 有 时 间，我 会 学 习

3、法 语 的。If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如 果 她 懂 英 语 的 话，她 不 会 找 我 帮 忙 的。B.与 过 去 事 实 相 反 的：If I(we,you,he,they)+had+过 去 分 词，I(we)should+have+过 去 分 词。He(you,they)would+have+过 去 分 词。If you had got up earlier,you could have caught the train.如 果 你 早 一 点 起 床，就 会 赶 上 火 车 的。C.与 将 来 事 实 相 反 的

4、 If it were fine tomorrow,!would go shopping.如 果 明 天 天 气 好，我 就 去 买 东 西。*有 关 虚 拟 语 气 的 几 个 问 题*1)有 时 i f引 导 的 状 语 从 句 可 以 省 略 i f,而 把 从 句 中 的 动 词 were,had或 should 移 到 主 语 前 面。Were she younger,she would do it.如 果 她 年 青 点，她 就 会 干 的。Had he known her address,he would had gone to visit her.如 果 他 知 道 她 的 地

5、 址，他 会 去 看 她 的。2)有 时 表 示 虚 拟 语 气 的 条 件 从 句 或 者 主 句 都 可 以 省 略，而 只 剩 下 一 个 主 句 或 者 一 个 条 件 从 句。I could help you.我 本 来 可 以 帮 助 你。If I had time.我 要 有 时 间 该 多 好 啊！She should have come to the party.她 应 该 来 参 加 聚 会。If he had much more money.如 果 他 有 更 多 的 钱 就 能。3）虚 拟 语 气 中，条 件 从 句 的 动 词 动 作 可 以 和 主 句 的 动 词

6、动 作 时 态 不 一 致。If they had studied hard,they could do it easily now.如 果 他 们 以 前 努 力 学 习 的 话，现 在 干 的 就 会 容 易 些。If he had not taken my advice,he wouldnt do it much better like this.如 果 他 不 听 取 我 的 建 议，他 就 不 会 干 得 这 样 好。对 过 去 事 实 相 反 的 假 设 26.1 didnt see your boss at the meeting.If he(come)_ J would hav

7、e told himthe news.(2000 年 6 月 试 卷)29.1 f hadnt driven the car yesterday,I(avoid)_ the accident.(2001 年 12 试 卷)34.1 f I(not drink)_so much coffee yesterday afternoon,I would have beenable to sleep well last night.(2003 年 12 月 试 卷)If the team members hadnt helped me,I(fail)_ in the lastexperiment.(20

8、05.5)He might not have been killed in the traffic accident yesterday if he(fasten)_the seat belt.(2005.5)A 级 Had I known the result,I(not ask)_ you to tell me.=If I had known the result,.A:l.had came(与 过 去 事 实 相 反 的)2.would have avoided3.had not drunk 4.would have failed5.had fastened 6.would not ha

9、ve askedWish后 面 的 宾 语 从 句 和 Asif(th ou gh)引 导 的 方 式 状 语 从 句 中 要 用 虚 拟 语 气 35.He talked as if he(do)_ all the work himself,but in fact Tom and I did mostof it.(2000 年 12 月 试 鎏)28.Xiao Lan speaks English in a way as if she(be)_ an American.(2001 年 6 月 试 卷）21.1 didnt go with them to the beach yesterday

10、.But I do wish I there.A.have beenB.had beenC.wasD.am(2003.6)虚 拟 语 气 用 与 表 示“要 求，建 议，命 令，坚 持”等 that名 词 从 句 时，谓 语 动 词 用+(should)+动 词 原 形，should常 省 略 Ask,tell,suggest Jnsist,propose,advise,require,order,command,desire,request,demand,recommond+that.(should)+动 词 原 形 28.It is advised that we(sign)_sign a

11、n agreement right after the discussion.(2000年 6 月 试 卷)17.He told me that I be present at the ceremony.A)couldB)wouldC)shouldD)might(2000年 6 月 试 卷)21.The committee members propose that the plan postponed for a few days.A)beingB)beenC)to beD)be(2002年 6 试 卷)28.The boss insisted that Mr.Cooper(give)_ up

12、 his experiment at once.(2002年 12试 卷)The chairman required that every speaker(limit)_ _ himself to 15minutes.(2004.6)I suggested that he(call)_ on the director a week later.(2005.1)Janes parents insisted that she(r e t u r n)h o m e before 9:00.It is(high/about)time(that)+动 词 的 过 去 式 的 主 语 从 句 的 虚 拟

13、 语 气 25.I ts high time w e something to stop road accidents.A)didB)are doingC)will doD)do(2001 年 6 试 卷)(PRETCO)It is high time we(start)_ started_ to pay attention to such mistakes.You look so tired tonight.It is(high/about)time you(go)_went_ to bed.It is important/essential/necessary/natural/strang

14、e/a pity/no wonder+that 结 构 中 的 主 语 从 句 要 用 虚 拟 语 气，谓 语 动 词 用(should)+动 词 原 形 22.I t s necessary that the problem in some way or other.A)is settledB)was settledC）be settledD）has been settled（2001年 12试 卷）24.It is important that the committee _about the project at once.A.be informedB.is informedC.will

15、 be informedD.being informed（2003 年 12 月 试 卷）被 动 被 动 语 态 表 示 主 语 是 谓 语 动 作 的 承 受 者，其 构 成 为 be+过 去 分 词。e.g.They will widen the road.（主 动）The road will be widened.（被 动）The matter will be dealed with as soon as possible.1.被 动 语 态 的 各 种 时 态 形 式 表:一 般 时 态 进 行 时 态 完 成 时 态 现 在 amis askedareamis being asked

16、areHasHave been asked过 去 waswere askedwaswere being askedHad been asked将 来 shallwill be askedshallhave beenaskedwill过 去 将 来 Shouldbe askedWouldShouldhave beenaskedwould2.情 态 动 词 的 被 动 语 态：含 有 情 态 动 词 的 谓 语 变 为 被 动 语 态 时，结 构 为：一 般 式：情 态 动 词(can,could,may,might,must,should,need 等)+be+过 去 分 词 完 成 式：情 态

17、 动 词+have+过 去 分 词 e.g.This can be done by hand.这 可 以 手 工 做。（一 般 式）The project might have been completed earlier.这 项 工 程 本 可 以 早 些 完 工 的。（完 成 式）3.be going t o 等 不 定 式 结 构 的 被 动 形 式：be going to/ought to/be to/be bound to/be sure to/be certain to/be due to/be about to/have（has）to/had to+be+过 去 分 词（to 不

18、 可 省 略）e.g.Not a could was to be seen.看 不 至 丝 云 彩。The enemy is bound to be defeated.敌 人 一 定 会 被 打 败。When will the work（complete）?23.This is one of the longest bridge that on this river.A)is ever builtB)has ever been builtC)was ever builtD)has ever built(2000年 6 月 试 卷)31.If the medicine(take)_ in tim

19、e,it will be quite effective.(2001年 6 月 试 卷)23_.Since the introduction of the new technique,the production costgreatly.A)reducesB)is reducedC)is reducingD)has been reduced(2000年 12月 试 卷)1 8.,he can quickly find out what s wrong with the machine.A)Having been well trainedB)Having well trainedC)To be

20、well trainedD)To have been well trained(2000年 12月 试 卷)27.These pills should(keep)_out of the reach of children.(2001.6)23.The project to clear up the polluted river by the end of nextyear.A)will have been completedB)will have completedC)is being completedD)has been completed(2002年 6 月 试 卷)31.The noi

21、se was so loud that it could(h e a r)f r o m far away.(2002年 6 月 试 卷)32.The house with the furniture(b u y)f o r$50,000 last year.(2002.12)Sixty people(employ)_ in this big factory last year.(2004.12)Nothing can(d o)unless we are given more information about thesituation.(2005.1)Most of the machine

22、in the workshop next month.(2005.5)A.are repaired B.have been repaired C.were repaired D.will berepairedThe train(delay)_ was delayed_ by fog and arrived late.Three hundred cars(sell)have benn sold since the beginning of theyear.倒 装 1.当 否 定 意 义 或 否 定 形 式 的 词 或 词 组 居 于 句 首 时 用 倒 装。这 类 词 或 词 组 常 用 的有：

23、Never,seldom,rarely,little,scarcely(几 乎 不),hardly,not,nowhere,notoften,not a bit(一 点 也 不)，not until,still less(更 少)，on no account(绝 不)，not on any account,hardlywhen，no soonerthan，on noconsideration(决 不),neither-nor,not only-but also,in no way(决 不),by no means,at on time(从 不)，not once or twice(许 多 次)

24、18.Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.A)have I realizedB)I have realizedC)did I realizeD)I realized(2000.6)23.Little that the police are about to arrest him.A)he knowsB)he doesn,t knowC)does he knowD)doesn,t he know(2001 年 6 月 试 卷)1 6.the danger as he climbed up the stairs.A.Little

25、 the baby realizedB.The baby little realizedC.Little the baby did realizedD.Little did the baby realize2.only+状 语 位 于 句 首 表 示 强 调 时 要 用 倒 装：e.g.Only in this way can we learn English well.We can learn english well only in this way.现 在 分 词 过 去 分 词 做 定 语 24.I ve never seen the young man next to the dir

26、ector.A)sitsB)sittingC)satD)to sit(2001年 6 月 试 卷)33.There was a stranger(s t a n d)at the door.(2002 年 6 月 试 卷)29.1 noticed that there was a man(draw)pictures on the ground.(2003年 6 月 试 卷)30.Give the application to the man(s i t)a t that desk,please.(2003年 12月 试 卷)比 较 级 最 高 级 在 B 级 考 试 中 的 应 用 26.Th

27、e chairman emphasized his ideas by speakingmore(l o u d).(2000.12)29.Living in the country is less(expense)than living in thecity.(2000.12)35.Could you go to bed(early)than you usually do?(2000.12)32.Every day the director is the(late)person to leave theoffice.(2001.6)16.As Edison grew,he never lost

28、 his interest in science.A)elderB)olderC)the elderD)the oldest(2002 年 6 试 卷)22.The book is more difficult that the one I recommended to you.A)ratherB)muchC)veryD)so(2002 年 6 试 卷)22.T h e the proposal is considered,the worse it appears.A.carefullyB.much carefullyCe more carefullyD.most carefully(2003

29、 年 12 试 卷)27.I want to rent a new apartment that is(comfortable)than his one.(2003年 12试 卷)John is the(c l e v e r)student I have ever taught.(2004.6)33.The photos of Mars taken by satellites are(clear)than thosetaken from Earth.(02.12)Of all the hotels in the city,this one is the(g o o d).(06.5)Yaom

30、ing is one of(f a m o u s)basketball players in the world.The louder he shouted,the(l i t t l e)h e convinced anyone.The sun is the(big)thing we can wee when we look up at the sky.The problem(d i s c u s s)a t the meeting yesterday has not been solvedyet.(过 去 分 词 作 定 语)动 名 词 在 B 级 考 试 中 的 应 用 Enjoy/

31、avoid/admit/finish/practice+doingStop doing sth停 止 做 某 事 Go on doing sth继 续 做 某 事 Be worth doing sth值 得 做 某 事 Give up doing放 弃 做 某 事 Look forward to sth/doing 期 望，盼 望 某 事 Spend(time,money)(in)doing sth 花 费 时 间，金 钱 做 某 事 Spend(time,money)on sthHave a problem/difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth 做 某 事 有 麻

32、烦/困 难 Be/get used to doing sth 习 惯 与 做 某 事 Prevent sb from doing sth阻 止 某 人 做 某 事 Keep sb doing sth让 某 人 一 直 做 某 事(2000年 12月 试 卷)33.They stopped(sear c h)f o r the missing plane as the weather wasvery rough.30.The children from the US got used to(e a t)C h i n e s e food quitesoon.(2001年 12试 卷)30.He

33、aring the bell ring,the students stopped(j o k e)w i t h each other.34.The girls happily look forward to(see)the movie star at theparty.34.I don t mind(h a v e)a dog in the house so long as it s cleanand it doesn t smell.(2002年 6 试 卷)21.This novel is worth reading,because it gives a detailed descrip

34、tionof the historical in 1949.A)accidentsB)casesC)eventsD)things(2002 年 12 试 卷)25.Mr.Black is looking forward to his Chinese partner soon.A)seeingB)seeC)be seeingD)have seen(2002 年 12 试 卷)26.The main benefit of(w o r k)w i t h the company is the opportunityto travel abroad.(2002 年 12 试 卷)29.She was

35、not happy because he had kept her(w a i t)for half anhour.(2002 年 12 试 卷)34.I wondered why the boy often avoided(t a l k)w i t h his classmates.(2003年 6 试 卷)28.Did you have any difficult(g e t)a visa to Britain?(2003 年 12试 卷)16.One of my foreign friends is looking forward to my country.A)visitB)visi

36、tingC)having visitedD)be visiting(2000.6)34.1 wondered why the boy often avoided(t a l k)with hisclassmates.(03,6)When Jenny came to Britain,she had to get used to(d r i v e)o n theleft.(2004.12)Some American businessmen in China are spending a lot of time in(l e a r n)Chinese.(2005.5)That new film

37、is worth(s e e)for the second time.(06.5)30.Hearing the bell ring,the students stopped(j o k e)with eachother.(01.12)I don t mind the children(p l a y)i n the garden,but I won t havethem walk over my flowers.Have sth done 句 型 30.John went to town yesterday and had his computer(repair)there.(2002年 6

38、试 卷)It is/was that/who 强 调 句 16.It was in C h i n a the agreement was signed.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.that(2003 年 12 试 卷)20.It was in that small v i l l a g e our president was born.A)whichB)whenC)thatD)as填 空 题 中 出 现 的 动 词 变 名 词+ment27.We have been informed that the(e q u i p)w i l l be arriving here i

39、nten days.(00.6)33.V m sorry to learn that you have made no(i m p r o v e)o n the designat all.(00.6)28.The(m a n a g e)o f a company is a very important part of the workingprocess to its development,(02.6)With the(d e v e l o p)o f foreign trade,more and more people are doingimport and export busin

40、ess.(05.5)He owed his success to his wife s(e n c o u r a g e).翻 译：2006.6We are very glad to welcome our Chinese friends to this special BusinessTraining program.Here,you will have a variety of activities and a chance toexchange ideas with each other.We hope that all of you will benefit a lot fromth

41、is program during your stay.Please do not hesitate to speak to us withquestions or concerns.We believe this will be an educational and enjoyableprogram.2006.12Pm writing to confirm our telephone conversation of Thursday,the 7th,about our visit to your company.Next Monday,December 11,will be fine for

42、 usand we hope that it will suit you,too.My secretary,Miss Mary Brown,and SalesManager,Mr Zhang Ming,will be coming in the morning.Its unfortunate that Iwill not be able to go with them.Thanks again for giving us this opportunity to visit with you.谨 写 此 信 确 认 我 们 本 月 7 日（星 期 撕）的 通 话 内 容，即 关 于 拜 访 贵 公 司 的 事 宜。