2023全国版英语中考复习题--专题一　名词.pdf

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1、2023全国版英语中考第一部分基础知识运用专题一名词五年中考考点1名词词义辨析I.单项选择1.（2022 安徽,24）I do morning exercises every day.It works my whole body.It*s a good habit.It helps you keep in good.A.time B.touchC.heal th D.silence答 案 C根据“do morning exercises every day”可知每天锻炼身体有助于保持身体健康。故选Co2.（2022 福建,25）Betty,youd better follow the doct

2、ors and do more exercise.一I will.Thank you.A.advice B.agreementConformation答 案 A advice建议,agreement同意,information信息。由语境可知，此处指采纳医生的建议,故选A。3.（2022 湖北武汉,33）Why do you practice Tai Chi every day?一Because this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner（内心的）.A.voice B.qualityC.beauty D.peac

3、e答 案 D此处表示练太极拳能帮助人们放松，并找到内心的平静。voice声音;quality质量;beauty美丽;peace平静。故选D。4.（2022 江西,21）Which ice cream do you want,Mary?You cant have all of them.You have to makea.A.wish B.surveyC.choice D.call答案 C 由“You cant have all of them.可知，你必须做出选择。make a choice为固定短语，意为“做出选择二故选C。5.（2022 云南,25）Miss Li has lots of

4、teaching She has her own ways to make classes livelyand interesting.A.exercise B.excitementC.experience D.environment答 案 c根据后一句“她有自己的方法使课堂生动有趣。”可推断,此处表示李老师有丰富的教学经验。exercise 锻炼;excitement 兴奋;experience 经验;environment 环境。故选 Co6.（2022 新疆,28）I find there are more and more overweight children in our scho

5、ol.一Exactly,so we should have good eating.A.tasks B.choices C.grades D.habits答 案 D前文说超重的（overweight）孩子越来越多了,故可推断此处说我们要有好的饮食习惯,故 选 D。7.（2021 江苏南京 2）Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist.Because of his achievements,rice has been increased greatly.A.population B.contributionC.production D.introduc

6、tion答案 C population 人口;contribution 贡献;production 生产,产量;introduction 引进，弓 I言。根据常识可知，袁隆平是水稻专家，水稻产量因他的研究成果而大幅增加。故选C。8.（2021 云南,29）或 Mom is a moving film.It has been on for several months in the.A.museumB.bankC.library D.cinema答 案 D本句中的主语It指代第一句中的电影，既然是电影，自然是在电影院里放映，故选D。9.（2021 江西,21）Your leg looks rea

7、lly bad!I think you should send for a about that.A.pilot B.doctorC.singer D.postman答 案 B根据上文可知，腿看起来很糟，需要派人去请医生，故选B。10.（2021 天津,25）His beautiful music has brought to people all over the world.A.difficulty B.pleasureC.weather D.danger答 案 B句意:他优美的音乐给全世界的人带来了快乐。根据句意可知选B。11.（2021 湖北武汉,37）The idiom（成语）“Me

8、ngzis mother makes three moves tells of a mother whodid all she could to provide the best for her child.A.experience B.instructionC.environment D.information答 案 c句意:成语“孟母三迁”讲述了一位母亲竭尽所能为她的孩子提供最好的环境。故选co12.（2020 湖北黄冈,26）Why do Chinese people like red?Because the color red is the of good luck in China.

9、A.reason B.hope C.dream D.symbol答 案 D a/the symbol of是固定词组,表示“.的象征”。故答案为Do reason原因;hope希望；dream 梦想;symbol 象征。II.单句填空1.（2022 安徽,80）May the whole world be full of p（和平）Jove,and happiness.答 案 p eace根据汉语提示可知填peaceo2.（2022 浙江杭州,61）Jim will be on summer vacation in June and J.答 案 J u ly 考查名词。and连接了两个月份,6

10、月和7 月，故填July。3.（2022 广西北部湾经济区,76）Can you point out your country on this w o r l d（地图）？答 案 m即 由 this可知用单数形式。4.（2021 广西贺州,85）The big house was sold at a high.（价格）last year.答案 price at a high price 以高价。考点2名词的数和所有格I.单项选择1.（2022 重庆 A 卷,23）This year,the family went camping on Day,June 1st.A.Child B.Childs

11、C.Children D.Childrens答 案 D考查名词所有格。儿童节是所有儿童的节日,应用复数形式children.空后为名词Day,前面要用名词所有格形式，故选D。2.（2021 湖南岳阳,23）We see some rising into the air at the opening of our new library.A.balloons B.balloon C.balloones答 案 A由空前的some可知应用复数,balloon的复数为balloons,故选Ao3.（2020 湖北恩施,22）Wuhan,one of the most important in Chin

12、a,is famous for the YellowCrane Tower.A.cities B.citys C.city答 案 A“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数结构意为“最的之一”。由此可知，此处应用名词的复数形式cities。注意词尾y 的变化。故选A。II.单句填空1.（2022 福建,82）People had rebuilt the bridge many（time）.答 案 times考查名词复数。根 据 many可知用可数名词的复数形式，表 达 次，回 用名词 time。故填 times。2.（2022 江苏扬州，50）Working as a team mean

13、s c e l e b r a t i n g （victory）and facinglosses together.答 案 victories根据空后的facing losses可知，此处应填victory的复数形式”指 一起庆祝成功和面对失败二以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词变成复数时，要去y,再加ies0故填victories.3.（2022 山东临沂,41）My（grandmother）garden is very nice.答 案 grandmothers考查名词所有格。此处表示“我奶奶的花园很漂亮”，故填grandmotherso4.（2021 江苏南京,50）Over the year

14、s,Gong Bao Chicken has become one of the most popular（dish）in Chinese restaurants throughout the world.答 案 d ish es此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构.表示，最的之一”,所以这里填dish的复数形式dishes05.（2021 江苏扬州,47）The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my（son）room.答 案 so n s设空处与后面名词是所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故答案为son、6.（2

15、021 山东临沂,51）In 1920,the（world）first three-color traffic light was put to use.答 案 w orlds本题考查名词所有格。此处表示“世界上的第一个”，故填所有格worlds。考点3名词的构词法1 .（2022 山东临沂,44）When Dave goes back home from school,his dog always greets him at thedoor with _ _（excite）.答 案 excitement介词with后应用名词构成介词短语with excitement（激动地）。2.（2022

16、 山东烟台,39）Although he majored in chemistry,Huang opened a cube store in Changshaafter his（graduate）.答 案 graduation由前面的形容词性物主代词his可知，设空处应用名词，故填graduation.,3.（2021 云南,67）As a TV（report）,it*s my duty to tell the truth to the public.答 案 reporter此处表示，电视台记者”，应填reporter。4.（2021 内蒙古包头,70）Chinese New Year is

17、a（celebrate）marking the end of winter andthe beginning of spring.答 案 celebration celebrate是动词，空后的现在分词短语作后置定语，由空前的冠词a 可知，本空应用名词的单数形式，故答案为celebration。5.（2020 甘肃兰州,98）With the（develop）of science and technology,life is becomingmuch easier.答案 development with the development of 随着.的发展。三年模拟A组 基 础 练I.单项选择1

18、.（2022 天津）Most parents think it is a good to take a school bus because its quite safe.A.risk B.choiceC.game D.pity答 案 B乘坐校车很安全，因此是一个不错的选择，故选B。2.（2022；可：|匕）Theres less water for people in nearby like China,India,and Pakistan.A.cities B.countriesC.towns D.villages答 案 B由“like China,India,and Pakistan”可

19、知,这里指附近的国家。故答案为B。3.（2022 广西北部湾经济区）一Mary,how about going to the?-Good idea.We can read lots of books there.A.cinema B.library C.hospital答 案 B根据答语中lots of books可知，此处说话人在邀请Mary去图书馆。故选B。4.（2022 黑龙江哈尔滨）一China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.We take in our great country.A.advice B.price C.

20、pride答案 C 由“China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.”可知,此处表示为伟大的祖国感到自豪。take pride in为.感到自豪。故答案为C。5.（2022 湖 匕荆州模拟）I hear you have to get up early eveiy morning.一Right.Its one of the of my family.A.hobbies B.rulesC.games D.choices答 案 B 根据题干情境可知，这里表示“每天早起是一条家规故选B。6.（2022 天津红桥区一模）Studying

21、in another country is a different.You can have a try.A.tradition B.differenceC.experience D.report答 案 C 在另外一个国家学习是一种不同的体验。tradition传统;difference不同;experience体验;report报告。故选C。7.（2022 重庆渝中区二模）Helen isnt in.Can I take a for her?A.newspaper B.magazineC.message D.language答案 C 由Helen isn*t in.可知，此处表示，带口信”，

22、故选Co take a message带口信。8.（2022 天津南开中学模拟）The story reminds us that we should never make a if we cantkeep it.A.wish B.choiceC.decisionD.promise答 案 D 根据“if we can*t keep it”可推出若不能信守承诺就不要许诺。故选Do make a promise许诺;keep a promise信守承诺。9.（2022 河北石家庄一模）One of the book is missing,so I can*t learn the whole sto

23、ry.A.copy B.pageC.writer D.reader答 案 B根据so I can!t learn the whole story可知,这本书有一页不见了，因此“我”无法了解整个故事。故选B。10.（2022 江苏南京二模）一Sam always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.一Thats a good.Reading makes a full man.A.habit B.dreamC.sleep D.wish答案 A 根据“Sam always reads for half an hour before bedt

24、ime every day.”可知,Sam 每天睡觉前总要读半个小时的书。这是一个好习惯。故选A。II.单句填空1.（2022 广西北部湾经济区）People like to fly kites in（三月）.答案 M arch注意月份是专有名词，首字母要大写。2.（2022 浙江杭州 is the color of the sky on a sunny day.答案 B lu e 考查名词。根据the color of the sky on a sunny day可知，表示蓝色，故填Blue03.（2022 湖北荆州一模）Watching（mouse）was fun and helped m

25、e forget about mytroubles.答 案 mice mouse是可数名词，根据mouse前没有冠词可知此处用复数形式,mouse的复数形式是miceo故填mice。4.（2022 云南昆明联考）My parents called the（policeman）,but they couldn*t findanything strange.答 案 policemen 根据空后的“they”可知,policeman应使用复数形式。故填policemeno5.（2020 甘肃）Its about one（hour）bus ride from my home to the airpor

26、t.答 案 hours one hour*s bus ride乘坐公共汽车一个小时的车程。这里hour作定语，应用所有格。故填 hourso6.（2021 辽宁大连模）After the（invent）of paper,people started to write on paper tomake books.答 案 invention 定冠词the与介词of之间需填名词。故填inventiono7.（2022 湖南长沙联考）The dogs could sense the objects from a distance,but humans couldnt feelthe（warm）of t

27、he object until they touched it.答 案 w arm th此处指“人类触摸物体时才能感知它的温度:the waiTnth of the object，物体的温度工故填warmth。B组 提 升 练I.单项选择1.（2022 江苏南通启东一模）Her smile always makes me feel warm and lively.It seems tohave.A.answer B.secretC.magic D.agreement答 案 C 根据makes me feel warm and lively可知彳微笑有神奇的魔力。故选C。answer回答;sec

28、ret秘密;magic魔法,魔力;agreement协议,一致。2.（2022 四川成都二模）一How did you fix up the broken bicycle,Jack?Its easy.I just followed t he.A.instructions B.interviewsC.instruments答案 A 由How did you fix up及Ifs easy.I just followed可知，是按说明书上做的，故 选Aoinstruction 用法说明，常用复数;interview 访谈；instrument 仪器。follow the instructions

29、按照操作说明。3.（2022 广西贵港二模）一What is the of the basketball match between Class 3 and Class4?It was 56-42.Class 3 won the game.A.result B.placeC.advice D.coach答案 A 根据“It was 56-42.Class 3 won the game.”可知，此处指比赛结果。故 选A。4.（2022 江苏苏州模拟）The on Jacks face showed that he was surprised at the news.A.secret B.form

30、C.express ion D.sense答案 C 根 据on Jacks face和showed that he was surprised可知,杰克脸上的表情表明他很惊讶。故 选Co secret秘密;form形式;expression表情;sense感觉。5.（2022 广西 匕 海 模）As we all know,a thousand-mile journey begins with the first.一Yes,lets get started now!A.try B.day C.step答 案c此处是谚语“千里之行，始于足下”，故 选c。6.（2022 浙江温州二模）The li

31、ttle girl has such a good that she can keep the names of all herclassmates in mind on the first day at school.A.experience B.suggestionC.collection D.memory答案 D 根据she can keep the names of all her classmates in mind on the first day at schoo 可知，这个小女孩的记忆力很好，故 选Do experience经历;suggestion建议;collection收

32、藏品;memory记忆力。7.（2022 云南昆明一模）一China has won a complete victory in its fight against poverty（脱贫攻坚）.一Exactly.Great have taken place in my hometown.A.ways B.habitsC.results D.changes答案 D 根据 China has won a complete victory in its fight against poverty.可知，中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了全面胜利。由此可知家乡发生了巨大变化。故选D。8.（2022 河北重点中学

33、联考）The Great Wall is the of China.Many foreigners come to visit itevery year.A.pride B.praiseC.courage D.effort答案 A根据“Many foreigners come to visit it every year.”可知,长城是中国的骄傲。故选Aopride骄傲;praise赞美,表扬;courage勇气;effort努力。9.（2022 福建）And with the of a bodybuilding trainer,she trained hard and soon found

34、herselfon stage（舞台）performing一as a bodybuilder.A.help B.need C.promise答 案 A此处指在教练的帮助下。故选A。with the help o f在的帮助下。10.（2022 江苏扬州）We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us asense of.A.achievement B.departmentC.treatment D.entertainment答案 A achievement 成就;department 部

35、门;treatment 治疗,对待;entertainment 娱乐。根据题干中的success可知,应是给我们成就感。故选AoII.单句填空1.（2022 江苏扬州一模）Would you please write down all the（顾客）names andnumbers so that we can contact them?答 案 customers*根据中文提示“顾客”可知，是填名词customer的适当形式。这里修饰名词复数 names and numbers用复数 customers 的所有格，故填 customers。2.（2022 河北石家庄一模）So she aske

36、d students who had（difficult）in English to goto her office.She helped us little by little.答案 difficulty have difficulty in sth.在某方面有困难。故填 difficulty03.（2022 湖南长沙联考）After a few（year）,the forest manor（庄园）that everyonethought had disappeared came to life again.答 案 years year为可数名词，该空前有a few,故应填复数形式years

37、o4.（2022 江苏苏州）Suzhou is very attractive with different kinds of ancient（桥）.答 案 bridges“桥”用 bridge来表示，由前面的“different kinds o 可知、名词应用复数形式。故答案为bridgeso5.（2022 江苏南京二模）The two sides are unable to reach an（agree）.They needfurther discussion.答 案 agreement agree作动词，意为“同意”;分析句子成分可知这里应填名词，用agree的名词形式 agreemen

38、t,空前有“an”,因 止 匕 agreement用单数。故填agreement,6.（2022 江苏无锡一模）Daniel finally made his dream of becoming an（invent）come true.答 案 inventor根据空格前的不定冠词a n 可知，此空应填名词。invent的名词有两种形式:invention指“发明，创意”;inventor指“发明家，发明者”。此空填inventor,指他想成为一名发明家的梦想终于实现了。7.（2021 上海普陀区二模）Zak is a friendly neighbour and he treats otherswi t h（kind）.答 案 kindness此处在with后作宾语,应用名词形式，故填kindness。treat others with kindness善待他人。