初中英语五种时态.ppt

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1、初中英语八种时态 n n一、一般现在时一、一般现在时(simple present tense)n n1.形式形式 一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。be动词用am、is、are。主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律:一般动词后加-s；以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加-es；以辅音字母加o结尾，一般加-es；辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-es。n n2 2用法用法用法用法 n n a.a.表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时间表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为，常与时间状语状语oftenoften，usuallyusually，alwaysalways，every dayevery da

2、y，sometimessometimes，seldomseldom，nevernever等连用。等连用。n nI never do my homework in the evening.I never do my homework in the evening.n nSometimes we play football on the playground.Sometimes we play football on the playground.n nHe seldom listens to music.He seldom listens to music.b.b.表示现在的事实或状态。表示现在

3、的事实或状态。n nChina is a developing country.China is a developing country.n nI like English very much.I like English very much.c.c.表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。表示格言，科学事实和客观真理。Pride Pride goes goes before a fall.before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。n nAll thingsAll things are are difficult before they are easy.difficult before the

4、y are easy.凡事总是由难而易。凡事总是由难而易。n nShanghai Shanghai lieslies in the east of China.in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。上海位于中国东部。n nThe teacherThe teacher told told us yesterday that December 25 us yesterday that December 25 is is Christmas Christmas Day.Day.n n3.3.句式句式句式句式n n肯定肯定 否定否定 疑问疑问 回答回答n nHe likes eg

5、gs.He doesnt like eggs.Does he like He likes eggs.He doesnt like eggs.Does he like eggs?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.eggs?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.n nI want an apple.I dont want an apple.Do you want I want an apple.I dont want an apple.Do you want an apple?Yes,I do./No,I dont.an apple?Yes,I do./No,I d

6、ont.n n4.4.做题时常见错误如下：做题时常见错误如下：n n一、一、bebe动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中n n例：例：We are plant (plant)the trees in spring.We are plant (plant)the trees in spring.n n二、单三人称形式易出错二、单三人称形式易出错n n例：例：1.1.He plays(play)football very well.2.Danny goes(go)to school at 7:10.He plays(play)football very well.2.Dan

7、ny goes(go)to school at 7:10.n n三、在句式变换时易出错三、在句式变换时易出错n n例：例：1.Does Jenny has(has)a good friend?2.Brian doesnt lives(not live)in 1.Does Jenny has(has)a good friend?2.Brian doesnt lives(not live)in China.China.n n四、对四、对dodo的理解易出错的理解易出错n n例：例：We dont(not do)our homework in the afternoon.We dont(not do

8、)our homework in the afternoon.n n五、对主语的数判断有误五、对主语的数判断有误n n例：例：Li Ming with me are(be)in Beijing.Li Ming with me are(be)in Beijing.n n另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。现在时。n n5.5.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及

9、模拟中考真题及模拟n n（20092009东城区一模）东城区一模）东城区一模）东城区一模）Mary_ the piano well.She is often asked to play at Mary_ the piano well.She is often asked to play at the concert.A.play B.plays C.playing D.playedthe concert.A.play B.plays C.playing D.playedn n(2009(2009海淀区一模）海淀区一模）海淀区一模）海淀区一模）My mother will take me to

10、the movie if she _ free this My mother will take me to the movie if she _ free this weekend.A.is B.will be C.was D.would beweekend.A.is B.will be C.was D.would ben n(2009(2009崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模)The girls will have a trip if it _fine.The girls will have a trip if it _fine.n nA.is B.was C.will be D.

11、has beenA.is B.was C.will be D.has beenn n(2008(2008北京北京北京北京)Hell send us a message as soon as he _ in Sichuan.Hell send us a message as soon as he _ in Sichuan.n nA.is arriving B.will arrive C.arrived D.arrivesA.is arriving B.will arrive C.arrived D.arrivesn n（20072007武汉）武汉）武汉）武汉）What do you do?Wha

12、t do you do?n nIm an engineer.I _ in a company in Wuhan.I like my job very much.Im an engineer.I _ in a company in Wuhan.I like my job very much.n nA.work B.had worked C.will work D.workedA.work B.had worked C.will work D.workedn n(2006(2006武汉武汉武汉武汉)Is your father a doctor?Is your father a doctor?n

13、n Yes,he is.He_ in Town Hospital.Yes,he is.He_ in Town Hospital.n nA.has worked B.had worked C.works D.workedA.has worked B.had worked C.works D.workedn n(2006(2006陕西陕西陕西陕西)Every year many foreigners _to China to learn Chinese.Every year many foreigners _to China to learn Chinese.n nA.have come B.co

14、mes C.came D.comeA.have come B.comes C.came D.comen n二、现在进行时二、现在进行时(present continuous tense)1构成构成 be（am/is/are）+动词的现在分词n n2 2用法用法用法用法 n n a.a.表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。He is eating an ice cream.He is eating an ice cream.他正在吃冰激凌。他正在吃冰激凌。n nLets wait.The children are crossing the street.Lets wait

15、.The children are crossing the street.n nb.b.表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一定正在进行）。定正在进行）。We are working on a farm these days?We are working on a farm these days?这些天我们在一个农场干活。这些天我们在一个农场干活。c.c.表示位置移动或趋向的词，如表示位置移动或趋向的词，如gogo，come,startcome,start，leave,arrive,moveleave,arrive

16、,move等等常用进行时表将来。常用进行时表将来。He He is leavingis leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.for Shanghai tomorrow.Im comingIm coming!What!What s the score now?s the score now?我就来！现在比分是多少？我就来！现在比分是多少？n nWe are moving to a big house next month.We are moving to a big house next month.下个月我们将搬到一所大房子下个月我们将搬到一所大房子里。里。n nd.d

17、.与与always,constantly,forever always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.You are always changing your mind.n n3.3.现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则现在分词的构成规则n n1 1）一般情况，）一般情况，在动词后加在动词后加inging，例词，例词work-workingwork-worki

18、ng，study-studyingstudy-studying，go-goinggo-going2 2）以不发音的）以不发音的e e结尾，去结尾，去e e再加再加-ing-ing，例词，例词have-have-havinghaving，live-livinglive-living，take-takingtake-takingn n3 3）重读闭音节，只有一个辅音字母结尾，双写该）重读闭音节，只有一个辅音字母结尾，双写该辅音字母，再加辅音字母，再加-ing-ing，n n例词例词cut-cutting stop-stoppingcut-cutting stop-stopping，forget-f

19、orgettingforget-forgetting，begin-beginningbegin-beginningn n4 4）以）以ie ie结尾，变结尾，变ie ie为为y y再加再加-ing-ing，例词，例词die-dyingdie-dying，lie-lie-lyinglying，tie-tyingtie-tyingn n4.4.形式形式形式形式肯定句否定句疑问句肯定句否定句疑问句 简要回答简要回答I am studying.I am studying.I am not studying.I am not studying.Am I studying?Am I studying?Ye

20、sYes，I am/NoI am/No，I am not.I am not.n n5.5.一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时和现在进行时的区别(1)(1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，现一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，现在进行时表示正在发生的行为。在进行时表示正在发生的行为。n na.He is cleaning his room now.a.He is cleaning his room now.他在打扫房间。他在打扫房间。n nHe cleans his room every day.He cleans his room

21、 every day.他每天都要打扫房间。他每天都要打扫房间。n nb.They are visiting China.b.They are visiting China.他们正在中国观光。他们正在中国观光。n nThey often come to China for a visit.They often come to China for a visit.他们经常来中国他们经常来中国观光。观光。n n(2)(2)一般现在时表示现在的状态。一般现在时表示现在的状态。n nHe likes He likes jiaozijiaozi.They have a lot of friends.The

22、y have a lot of friendsn n考例：考例：Mr.Smith _ short stories,but he _ a TV play these days.Mr.Smith _ short stories,but he _ a TV play these days.n nA.is writing is writing B.is writing writes A.is writing is writing B.is writing writes n n C.writesis writing D.writes writes C.writesis writing D.writes

23、writesn n6.6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟n n(2009(2009崇文区二模崇文区二模崇文区二模崇文区二模)Dont turn off the radio.I _ to the news.Dont turn off the radio.I _ to the news.n n A.listen B.have listened C.listened D.am listening A.listen B.have listened C.listened D.am listeningn n(2009(2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模)Have y

24、ou seen Mr.Smith?Have you seen Mr.Smith?n nYes.Look,he _ his bike over there.Yes.Look,he _ his bike over there.n nA.cleans B.cleaned C.is cleaning D.has cleanedA.cleans B.cleaned C.is cleaning D.has cleanedn n(2009(2009海淀区一模海淀区一模海淀区一模海淀区一模)Wheres Susan,Mike?Wheres Susan,Mike?n nShe _ in the kitchen.

25、She _ in the kitchen.n nA.cooks B.cooked C.is cooking D.has cookedA.cooks B.cooked C.is cooking D.has cookedn n(2009(2009西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模西城区一模)Have you got a job offer?Have you got a job offer?n nNot yet.I _.Not yet.I _.n nA.waited B.am waiting C.wait D.was waitingA.waited B.am waiting C.wait D.was w

26、aitingn n(2009(2009宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模)Do you think John will help me move the piano?Do you think John will help me move the piano?n nYoud better not ask him.He _ a composition.Youd better not ask him.He _ a composition.n nA.write B.writes C.is writing D.wroteA.write B.writes C.is writing D.wroten

27、n(2009(2009崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模崇文区一模)Wheres the children,Mr Black?Wheres the children,Mr Black?n nOh,they _ their PE lesson on the playground.Oh,they _ their PE lesson on the playground.n nA.have B.had C.are having D.have hadA.have B.had C.are having D.have hadn n（20082008北京）北京）北京）北京）Dont turn on the TV.

28、Grandma _ now.Dont turn on the TV.Grandma _ now.n nA.is sleeping B.will sleep C.slept D.sleepsA.is sleeping B.will sleep C.slept D.sleepsn n(2007(2007北京北京北京北京)What are you doing,Cathy?What are you doing,Cathy?n nIm _my cat.I cant find it.Im _my cat.I cant find it.n nA.looking for B.looking at C.look

29、ing up D.looking afterA.looking for B.looking at C.looking up D.looking aftern n（20062006北京）北京）北京）北京）Whats your brother doing in his room now?Whats your brother doing in his room now?n n He _ a kite.He _ a kite.n nA.makes B.made C.is making D.will makeA.makes B.made C.is making D.will maken n(2005(2

30、005北京北京北京北京)-Where is Frank now?-Where is Frank now?n n-He _ his bike in the yard.-He _ his bike in the yard.n nA.fixes up B.fixing up C.is fixing up D.fixedA.fixes up B.fixing up C.is fixing up D.fixedn n（20082008辽宁）辽宁）辽宁）辽宁）Mary,could you help me?Mary,could you help me?n nWait a moment.I _.Wait a

31、moment.I _.n nA.read a book B.did my homework C.was watching TV D.am cooking dinner A.read a book B.did my homework C.was watching TV D.am cooking dinner n n(2007(2007浙江浙江浙江浙江)ListenListen，who _ in the room?who _ in the room?n nLets go and see.Lets go and see.n nA.is crying B.crying C.cry D.criesA.i

32、s crying B.crying C.cry D.criesn nThey _ about“Supper Voice Girl”.lets join them.They _ about“Supper Voice Girl”.lets join them.n nA.talk B.are talking C.have talked D.talkedA.talk B.are talking C.have talked D.talkedn n(2006(2006山东威海山东威海山东威海山东威海)Are you a baby-sister here?Are you a baby-sister here

33、?n nNo.I _after the baby instead of Ms Green.She is away for shopping.No.I _after the baby instead of Ms Green.She is away for shopping.n nA.look B.am looking C.have looked D.lookedA.look B.am looking C.have looked D.lookedn n三一般过去时一般过去时(simple past tense)1概念概念 一般过去时表示过去某一时刻，某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时用动

34、词的过去式表示。n n2 2构成构成构成构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。bebe的过去式有的过去式有waswas，werewere两种；两种；havehave的过去式是的过去式是hadhad；规则动词的过去式；规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加在动词词尾加-ed-ed，具体构成规则如下：，具体构成规则如下：n n1 1）一般情况，动词后加）一般情况，动词后加eded，例词，例词work-workedwork-worked，clean-clean-cleanedcleaned，play-playedplay-played，wash-washedwash-washedn

35、 n2 2）以不发音的）以不发音的e e结尾，结尾，-d-d，例词，例词live-livedlive-lived，move-movedmove-moved，hope-hopedhope-hoped，arrive-arrivedarrive-arrivedn n3 3）以辅音字母）以辅音字母+y+y结尾，变结尾，变y y为为 i i再加再加-ed-ed，例词，例词study-studiedstudy-studied，carry-carriedcarry-carried，cry-criedcry-cried，identify-identifiedidentify-identifiedn n4 4）

36、以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加母加-ed-ed，例词，例词plan-plannedplan-plannedstop-stoppedstop-stopped，beg-beggedbeg-begged，grab-grabbedgrab-grabbedn n3 3用法用法用法用法 n n(1)(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如：表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如：He went shopping with his friends last week.He went shopping with his friends las

37、t week.n nThey arrived ten minutes ago.They arrived ten minutes ago.n nHe became a hotel manager ten years ago.He became a hotel manager ten years ago.Did you go to the concert last night?Did you go to the concert last night?n n(2)(2)表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如：表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如：He visited his grandparent

38、s once a month last year.He visited his grandparents once a month last year.n nShe usually went to work by car last year.She usually went to work by car last year.n nWhen I was at school,I always went to school by bus.When I was at school,I always went to school by bus.n n 4 4.如何识别如何识别如何识别如何识别 一般过去时

39、常见的标志词有：一般过去时常见的标志词有：1 1）.yesterday,the day before yesterday.yesterday,the day before yesterday.2 2）.last week/year/month/term(.last week/year/month/term(简称简称lastlast系列系列)3 3）.two hours ago,three years ago,a moment.two hours ago,three years ago,a moment ago(ago(简称简称agoago系列系列)4 4）.in/on+.in/on+过去的年过

40、去的年/月月/日，如日，如 in 1999,on in 1999,on April,2005 April,2005 5 5）.just now,once upon a time,one day.just now,once upon a time,one dayn n5 5.易错点例析：易错点例析：（1 1）Your phone number again?I _ quite catch it.Your phone number again?I _ quite catch it.n nIts 4331577Its 4331577A.didnt B.couldnt C.dont D.cantA.di

41、dnt B.couldnt C.dont D.cantn n(2)Mr.Smith isnt coming tonight.(2)Mr.Smith isnt coming tonight.n nBut he _.But he _.A.promises B.promised C.will promise D.had promisedA.promises B.promised C.will promise D.had promised(3)Hey,look where you are going!(3)Hey,look where you are going!n n Oh,Im terribly

42、sorry._.Oh,Im terribly sorry._.A.Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticing C.I havent noticed D.I dont noticeA.Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticing C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice(4)Oh its you!I _ you.(4)Oh its you!I _ you.n nIve had my hair cut.Ive had my hair cut.A.didnt realize B.havent realized C.didn

43、t recognize D.dont recognized A.didnt realize B.havent realized C.didnt recognize D.dont recognized n n(5)Since youve agreed to go,why arent you getting ready?(5)Since youve agreed to go,why arent you getting ready?n nBut I _ that you would have me start at once.But I _ that you would have me start

44、at once.A.dont realize B.didnt realizeC.hadnt realized D.havent realizedA.dont realize B.didnt realizeC.hadnt realized D.havent realized(6)Its twelve oclock,I think I must be off now.(6)Its twelve oclock,I think I must be off now.n nOh,really?I _ it at all.Oh,really?I _ it at all.A.dont realize B.ha

45、vent realized C.didnt realize D.hadnt realizedA.dont realize B.havent realized C.didnt realize D.hadnt realizedKeyKey：ABBCBCABBCBCn n 6.6.中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟中考真题及模拟n n(2009(2009朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模朝阳区一模)He went into his room,_ the light and began to work.He went into his room,_ the light and began to w

46、ork.n nA.has turned on B.will turn on C.turns on D.turned onA.has turned on B.will turn on C.turns on D.turned onn n(2009(2009海淀一模海淀一模海淀一模海淀一模)Whats the best food have you had in Beijing,Alex?Whats the best food have you had in Beijing,Alex?n nRoast duck!I _to a famous restaurant to have it last wee

47、k.Roast duck!I _to a famous restaurant to have it last week.n nA.have gone B.go C.will go D.wentA.have gone B.go C.will go D.wentn n(2009(2009宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模宣武区一模)Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps _at the 2

48、008 Summer Olympic Games?_at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games?n nEight.Eight.n nA.win B.wins C.won D.has wonA.win B.wins C.won D.has wonn n(2008(2008北京北京北京北京)We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there.n n A.will have B.have had C.had D.have A.w

49、ill have B.have had C.had D.haven n(2007(2007北京北京北京北京)What did you do after school yesterday?What did you do after school yesterday?n nI _basketball with my friends.I _basketball with my friends.n nA.play B.played C.will play D.am playingA.play B.played C.will play D.am playingn n（20052005北京）北京）北京）北

50、京）-Hi,Kate.You look tired.Whats the matter?-Hi,Kate.You look tired.Whats the matter?n n -I _well last night.-I _well last night.n n A.didnt sleep B.dont sleep C.havent slept D.wont sleep A.didnt sleep B.dont sleep C.havent slept D.wont sleepn n(2008(2008四川泸州四川泸州四川泸州四川泸州)YesterdayYesterday，Tonys fami