(胸部疾病的症状)课件.ppt

《(胸部疾病的症状)课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(胸部疾病的症状)课件.ppt（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、SYMPTOMS of CHYEST DISORDERS（胸部疾病的症状）（胸部疾病的症状）Cough(咳嗽咳嗽)uA protective reflex that uncommon in healthy personal ucleanse secretion&foreign material from the airwayuInitiated by miscellaneous stimuli or by voluntary exertion.uThe most common respiratory symptom.Cough reflex（咳嗽反射（咳嗽反射）Afferent inform.

2、from:ENT,trachea,bifurcation of the bronchi.skin of the face&neck;pleuraIrritant type:mechanical,chemical,inflammationAfferent fibers(vague nerve)cough center.Cough reflex（咳嗽反射）（咳嗽反射）Efferent signals larynx:glottis close or open Relating muscles(diaphragm,chest wall,abdomen)A coordinated series of a

3、ction to perform the cough movement.Deep inspiration expiration effort with glottis closed-glottis open abruptly high volocity of airflow brings out screations from airways.Main Causes（原因）（原因）uAirway infection&inflammationuLung parenchyma disordersuAirway stimulation by chemicals&foreign materialuPl

4、eural&chest wall disordersuCardiovascular abnormalitiesuAfferent nerve fiberuOther causes Psychiatric coughClassification(分类）分类）uNon production(dry cough，干咳干咳)uExpecteration(with sputum，咳痰咳痰)Clinical appearance in common diseases（常见疾病中的临床表现）（常见疾病中的临床表现）Acute infection or exasperation of chronic infe

5、ctious illnesssNeoplasms：insidiously initiationPleural diseaseCardiovascular diseasesGeneral disease affecting the respiratory systemComplication（并发症）（并发症）Cough syncope syndromaFatigueFractures due to severe persistent cough Pneumomediastinum,pneumothorax,and subcutaneous emphysema due to high intra

6、thoracic pressure during cough.Chronic cough(3weeks):postualnasal drip syndroma(鼻后滴漏综合鼻后滴漏综合征）征）cough type asthmasmokerPost URW infectionGERDCharacters:mucoid,tenasious,purulent,blood stained,with special odor,rusty,serousVolume:Accompanied manifestationSpecial conditionsHemoptysis(咯血咯血)Blood origin

7、ate below the level of the larynx that being coughed out.Usually bright redDegrees:from blood-tinged sputum to massive gross blood,even leading to airway occlusion(apnea)&shock.The latter is much less seen.Common causes（常见原因）（常见原因）Infectious respiratory disease:bronchitis,bronchiectasis,TBNeoplasm:C

8、ardiovascular disease:MS,PE,PAH,deformity of blood vesselsOther less seen disease leading to hemoptysis：CTDs&hemologic disorders.Differentiating from hematemesishemoptysishematemesisCoughed up with frothyVomited without frothyPreceded by coughPreceded nausea,vomitingBright redDark red or brownalkali

9、neacidHistory of coughingHist.of gastric,liver diseaseBlood-tinged sputumNo blood-tinged sputumMixed with sputum materials Mixed with food particlesAnemia variableBlood loss commonDifferentiating from upper airway bleeding by intenssive investigation and examinationPost nasal bleedingMouth and faryn

10、xil membrane bleedingInvestigationwhether coughed out or vomitted outVolume:how muchTime durationAny accompanied appearancesChest pain（胸痛）uCharacter（性质）性质）uDegree（强度）强度）uLocation（部位）部位）uReflection（牵涉牵涉痛）痛）Common causesCardiovascular&pulmonary vascular(iscamic)PleuralChest wall Emanating pains of neighboring abnormalitiesPleorial（胸膜疾病）PleoritisChest wall(胸壁疾病）胸壁疾病）:uInjuryuInflamationuCostal NeuritisOther diseases causing chest painAcute abdominal syndroms