2019年中考英语任务型阅读理解解题技巧.pdf

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1、2019年中考英语任务型阅读理解（绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印练习）初中英语新课标倡导任务型的教学模式，让学生通过体验、实践、参与、合作、交流和探究等方式，学习和使用英语，完成学习任务，促进语言实际运用能力的提高。中考英语任务型阅读就是在遵循课程标准的基础上，根据任务型教学设计而成的种新题型。该题型要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，去完成一项任务或解决一个问题，它主要考查学生根据所提供的语言信息具体解决实际问题的能力，即考查学生运用语言“做事”的能力；同时还注重考查学生的阅读理解、书面表达、归纳概括、分析理解、逻辑推理及社会生活知识的综合运用能力。一、任务型阅读类型任务型阅读主要考查学生收集

2、信息和整理信息的能力，是对语言应用能力的考查，是培养学生阅读兴趣的一种很好的题型。根据对任务设计的要求不同可将其分为二类：i .填写词语。根据短文或表格所提供的语言信息，以填写词语的方式完成文后各题。这种题目中所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性，因此考生必须认真阅读材料，尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的词语或句子。2.回答问题。这种题目要求考生在阅读材料的基础上回答问题、补全信息等。这种题目往往要求学生在文章中查找相关细节。二、任务型阅读解题步骤1一审核标题，推测主题试题中有的文章有标题，有的没有，标题是对文章主题的概括，它能给人以启发和想象。2.浏览全文，掌握全貌快速初读文章，掌握文章

3、大意，特别注意每段起始句和段尾句.3.浏览题目，复读全文，捕捉信息先快速浏览文后题目，带着问题去复读，标记重要信息，注意有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因(即5 个 W:who,what,when,where,why)及一些定义、数据等关系词。注意分析和逻辑推理。4.明确要求，先易后难，初选答案复读全文后，对比重要信息及题目要求，确定明显、有把握的题目，对于稍难的题再查阅短文(不是重读)，找出依据排除干扰项。5.再读全文，核对答案将阅读和答题时所得信息归纳整合，再读短文，要用全文主题思想统帅各考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，看是否前后一致、语言知识是否和原文匹配、符合逻辑等。相信第一感觉，不可

4、轻易改动答案。例 题 1先阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。A blog is a shortened name for a web log.People write blogs about all kinds of things,from news and events to hobbies and reviews.Some people use them just as a simple record ofwhat they have done.“Blogging“has become very popular as mor

5、e and more people use the Internet.Newtechnologies have made keeping a blog an easy thing to do,so millions of people now have theirown blogs.They are usually free to set up and are easy to update.You can upload pictures onto ablog and link to other websites.To many people,these features make blogs

6、much more usefulthan traditional diaries.We are now able to send texts,pictures and videos from our mobile phones directly ontothe Web.New technologies like this are making blogging even easier,People also think thatblogs are better than newspapers for finding out about news,events and opinions.They

7、 like touse blogs because they can get information from everywhere.It looks like blogs are going tobecome one of the most important ways to find and share information in the near future.Title:Basic Knowledge of A BlogWhat is a blog?“Blog”is 1 for“weblog”.Writing blogs is like keeping a 2 Online.Why

8、are blogs so popular?The number of the Internet users is 3.They are easy to use and cost nothing.4_ are blogs developing?Texts,pictures and videos can be sent directly ontothe Web from mobile phones now.Blogging will be one of the most important waysto find and share information 5.L 2.3.4.5.【解析】【文章大

9、意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了博客越来越受人们欢迎的原因。文章同时指出，在不久的将来，博客将成为我们去寻找和分享信息的最重要的途径之一。1.short 根据文章第一句A1 blog1 is a shortened name for a，web log可提取单词 ashortened name;又，本空仅填一个单词，故考虑词组be short for“简称。因此填shorto2.diary 根据文章第一段“Some people use them just as a simple record of what they havedone.”可推知，写博客就像在网上写日记。故填diary。3.i

10、ncreasing 根据文章第二段“Blogging has become very popular as more and morepeople use由 e Internet”推知，本空应填increase；又因为表格中该句横线前面是i s,所以确定用increase的现在分词形式。故填increasing.4.How由表格右边的内容可知，这里谈论的是有关博客正在发展的方式或手段。故本空应填Howo5.soon 根据文章第三段“It looks like blogs are going to become one of the mostimportant ways to find and

11、share information in the near future.”可提取短语 in the near future;又，本空仅填一个单词，故考虑其近义词soon。例题2Many companies today hold meetings to discuss their new plans.As people are payingmore attention to the environment problems,more companies are looking for ways to reducetheir bad influence on the environment.Ma

12、ny of them achieve this by using web meeting.Web meeting is a technology that allows people to communicate better over the Internet.Ifs an easy way of hosting and attending a meeting.Participants（与会者）dont have to leave theoffice.Each of them will receive an invitation with the meeting time and date

13、on it.When themeeting is ready to begin,they must sit before their computers.With web meeting,all participants can attend the meeting at their own desks.They dontneed to drive a car to travel to and from the meeting.As a result,no fuel（燃料）is used and lesstime is taken up in attending a web meeting.M

14、aterials for the meeting are simply e-mailed to all the participants before it begins.Thenparticipants can just read them on the screen.For the company,this not only saves the use ofpaper but also greatly reduces the mailing cost.As a meeting hall is not used,the only power for a web meeting is the

15、power that is used bythe computers.Besides,organized dont have to pay for food or accommodation（住宿）for theparticipants.All this means that less energy is used.In a word,web meeting is a cheaper,greener,and more friendly way of hosting andattending a meeting.Companies that hold web meetings are willi

16、ng to work hard for a betterenvironment.So they can more easily find their working partners who have the same green ideas.In return,they develop good relationship with other companies and improve their business.根据上面短文内容填空。1.Many companies are looking for ways to on the environment,because people are

17、paying more attention to the.2.Web meeting is an easy way to the meeting.Participants just sit before theircomputers instead of the office.3.The use of paper and the is greatly reduced by e-mailing meetingmaterials.4.Power is only used by the computers because there is no need for a.Besides,organize

18、rs neednt on food and accommodation for the participants.5.If they have the same ifs for companies to find their working partners.【解析】本篇阅读介绍网络视讯会议这一新生事物的特点，对应初二下学期最后一课greener world 这一主题。1 .reduce their bad influence/effect;the envirunent problems,细节题，文章第一段可知答案。2.host and attend,leaving 替代题,难度中等。a/th

19、e way of doing=a/the way to doing,做.的方法。由第二段第四排及第五排dont have to leave the office可知答案。3.is saved,mailing cost,替代题，难度中等。由第四段 This not only saves the use of paperbut also greatly reduces the mailing cost 可知答案。4.hall,spendo细节及替代题，难度中等。由倒数第二段第一句及第三排可知第一空答案。Pay sth for.=spend sth onQ5.green ideas,easier,细

20、节及替代题，难度较大。由最后一段 so they can more easily findtheir working partners who have the same green ideas 可知答案。副词十动词=its+形容词+todOo 如：I luckily passed the exam.=It was lucky for me to pass the exam.真题测试测试时间：60分钟 满分：90分Passage XAny time of the day you can devote to exercising is a good time for getting active

21、,but if youwant to make a healthy fitness plan,it may be helpful to keep several points in mind and find outthe best time to exercise.First,try to know what kind of person you are.Especially,are you an early bird who alwayswakes up early in the morning,or a night owl（猫头鹰）who almost never goes to bed

22、 beforemidnight?Once you are generally aware of what your sleep characteristics are,you willunderstand better when your body needs exercise,either early in the morning,sometime duringthe day,or later on in the evening.Second,consider your daily plan.When do you seem to be most busy,and when do youpl

23、an your most important tasks?Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these eventsif possible,so that you can keep exercising and your life won*t be affected（影响）as well.Third,think about when you feel you have the most energy.For most people,that time isusually in the morning after a go

24、od nights rest,or after a long day of work.After a busy or muchstressful day,exercising can reduce your working stress from hard work.Lastly,find out the place you plan to do exercise.Your house provides exercise at any timeif you own fitness equipment（设备），but if there is a gym（健身房）down the street o

25、r along theway home from work,it will make it more suitable for you to exercise.More importantly,you need to make a plan and try sticking to it for one week.If you do so andcan get through the exercise without being pulled in another direction,make it a habit.And onceyou have set up your fitness pla

26、n,don*t make any great changes to it unless your doctor allowsyou to.Introduction1 to take several points about exercise and find out the best time toexercise.Main Points .Know your sleep characteristics and you will have a better_ 2_ of yourbody needs exercise.Make your daily Plan well 50 that you

27、can keep exercising 3 your life.Think about when you are most energetic.Exercising after work canmake 4 stressed.Find out where to do exercise,and it will make it more suitable for you.SuggestionsA.Stick to your time table and never give up for one week.Then a habit mayformed.Dont change your plan u

28、nless you and your doctor reach a（n）51.2.3.4.5.Passage 2Ma Yun became one of the richest men in China when his company Alibaba went on thestock（股票）market last year with a value of around 140 billion-the largest public offering inhistory.Here are some stories about him on the way to success.Ma made h

29、is first trip to the a US in 1995 and used the Internet for the first time.Aftersearching for beer”,he saw that no results came up about China.Then he searched for“China”and still saw no results.He decided to set up a Chinese website-the seed for Alibaba wassown（播种）.Ma said he was refused many times

30、 in his life.He failed the College Entrance Examinationin China three times and few companies offered him jobs,including one at KFC.And he wasrefused by the famous Harvard University 10 times.It was difficult to learn English when Ma was a teenager because of limited resources.However,he found that

31、he could learn English well by giving tourists free guides around hishometown Hangzhou.And he kept it for nine years.Ma said that tourists opened up a new worldfor him because everything they said and did was so different from what he had been taught atschool and by his parents.Mas hero is Forest Gu

32、mp who never gives up.When he made a speech about his success atDavos（达沃斯论坛）in 2015,Ma said,“Life is like a box of chocolates because you never knowwhat you are going to get.”根据上面短文的内容回答问题。1.When did Ma Yun make his first trip to the US.2.How many times was Ma Yun refused by Harvard University?3.How

33、 did Ma Yun learn English well when he was a teenager?4.Did Ma Yun make a speech at Davos in 2015?5.Why does Ma Yun consider Forest Gump as his hero?Passage 3Late last night,or early this morning,something terrible happened in East Town.MrRaymond Johnson has lived in East Town and has worked there a

34、s a manager for many years.He is forty-two years old,unmarried,and he lives in a big wooden house on Moonlight Road.The people of East Town know Mr Johnson as an unusual man.He does not often leave hishouse,but his business has made him very rich.Last night,at about midnight,a man who wasout walking

35、 saw that one of Mr Johnsons rooms was on fire.He immediately called the firestation,and the firemen arrived soon after.It took them half an hour to put out the fire.Thefiremen were surprised that Mr Johnson did not come out of the house,and two of them wentinside to look for him.But Mr Johnson was

36、not in the house.In the bedroom the two men foundan open safe（保险箱）,which was empty.There were papers on the floor.Mr Johnsons bedroomwindows on the ground floor of the house were open.The firemen also found a set of keys in theroom.The police then found out that the keys belonged to Mr Paul White,wh

37、o visited MrJohnson at his home yesterday evening.The police are sure that they know the motive（动机）forthe crime and are looking for Mr White.The police are puzzled because nobody knows whereMr Johnson is.REPORT ON MR RAYMOND JOHNSONS CASEWhenLate last night,or this morning2Mr Raymond Johnsons home o

38、n 3 Road,East TownWhoVictim:Mr Raymond Johnson（a single,42-year-old manager of great 4）Suspect:Mr Paul WhiteWhat At about midnight,one of Mr Johnsons rooms 5 fire.It took the firemen 6 minutes to put out the fire.In the bedroom on the ground floor:an 7 open safe;papers on thefloor;open bedroom windo

39、ws;Mr Paul Whites 8.The police are trying to 9 Mr Paul White.Mr Johnson is 10,which puzzles the police.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Passage 4Stop Smoking Now-We Can HelpIn almost every US city and town,there are local organizations tohelp people to stop smoking.One of the most popular and successful isCalif

40、ornia Smokers Helpline.Here is a page from one of their leaflets.When you really want a cigarette-try the three DS:1.Delay:Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes.If you can wait two minutes,you wont want to smoke.2.Drink something:If you drink water or some other drinks,youll reduce the

41、 need to havesomething in your mouth.3.Deep breathing:Breathe in slowly and deeply.Count to five when your lungs are full.Then breathe out slowly.Repeat several times.And here are some ideas from Florida Anti-smoking Club to help people to give upsmoking:1.Make a plan:Make a list of friends who smok

42、e and places you smoke.Dont see thosepeople and dont go to those places!2.Keep busy:Instead of smoking,make a phone call,take a short walk,talk with a friend.3.Develop new interests:Exercise-walking,biking,jogging,swimming,or taking agymnastic classhelps you to forget about cigarettes.It is now agai

43、nst the law for anyone who smoke anywhere at any time in our schools.Soset a date and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.Title:Stop Smoking Now We Can HelpPassage outlineSupporting detailsOrganizations to help stopsmokingThere are local organizations to help people to stop smoking.Amon

44、g them are California Smokers5 Helpline and FloridasAnti smoking(1)_.Ways to help smoking Delay your action.Delay for more than two minutes,andyou will probably give up the want to smoke.Drink something:Drink water or something else,youcan reduce the need to(2)_.Deep breathing:Take a(3)_breathe slow

45、ly,count to five,and then breathe outIdeas to help give up Keep busy doing something instead of smoking.2.3.4.5.smoking Make a plan to（4）_ meeting the friends whosmoke and dont go to those places where you smoke.Develop new interests to help you to forget about cigarettes.（5）_to smokersFor your own

46、good,youd better set a date and act at once togive up smoking.Passage 5What do you when you begin to read an English newspaper?Youd better know what sections are there.Usually,there is international news,business,science and technology,entertainment or lifestyle,sports and cartoons.You can choose yo

47、urfavorite section to read carefully.Then,you come to the article itself.If you dont have time to read the whole article,theheadline（标题）and photo give you a general idea of the story.Different kinds of articlesA news article includes body text and a photo with a short piece of text under it.It usual

48、lyputs the most important information at the very beginning.If you dont have much time to readthe story,just have a look at the first paragraph.A feature article is an in-depth（深度的）report on an event or person.It usually has aninteresting opening.You get to know the idea of the article as you read.A

49、nother kind of article is an opinion（评论）article.Usually,some famous people give theirown opinions about an important issue in a fun way.Opinion is different from news stories thatare all facts.Be a critical（批判性的）readerThere are advertisements in newspapers.They can provide useful information aboutpr

50、oducts,places,food or jobs.Remember that people make advertisements to sell you things.You dont have to do everything advertisements tell you to do.You should be critical enough tojudge which advertisements are useful and which are not.请将答案写在答题卡上1.How can you catch the general idea of an article in