【高考必备】四川省绵阳南山中学届高三高考热身考试(完整版).doc

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1、【高考必备】四川省绵阳南山中学届高三高考热身考试（完整版）(文档可以直接使用，也可根据实际需要修改使用,可编辑 欢迎下载）绝密启用前 南山中学高2021级高考热身考试理科综合(化学部分) 李晓平(命题人:物理- 黄平 唐家文 化学卿明华 黄礼宝 生物吴文兴 刘旭东 编排合成-黄平) 本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分，两卷共13页。满分300分，考试时间150分钟。第1卷答案涂在答题卡上，第卷答案写在试卷上。可能用到的相对原子质量： C12 N14 O16 Na23 Mg24 Al27 Fe56 Cu64 Ag108第卷(选择题，共126分) 注意事项： 1答卷前，考生务必将自己

2、的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用4B或5B铅笔准确涂写在 答题卡上，同时将第II卷答卷的班级姓名填写清楚。 2第1卷每小题选出答案后，用4B或5B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。一、选择题(本题包括13小题。每小题只有一个选项符合题意。每小题6分)6一些不法分子受利益驱动，销售从下水道和泔水中提取的“地沟油”。一旦被人食用，会破坏白血球和消化道黏膜，引起食物中毒，甚至致癌。下列说法不正确的是：A油脂是高级脂肪酸与甘油形成的酯类化合物B通过油脂的碱性水解来制肥皂C变质的油脂有难闻的特殊气味，是因为油脂发生了水解反应D地沟油经过一系

3、列加工后，可以转化为生物柴油用作发动机燃料，变废为宝7下列关于工业生产的描述中正确的是：A硫酸工业用NaOH溶液处理尾气，硝酸工业用氨水处理尾气B硫酸工业、合成氨工业、氯碱工业、硅酸盐工业均要使用热交换器C在氯碱工业中，电解池中的阴极产生的是H2，阳极附近产生Cl2和NaOH D侯氏制碱法制得的主要产物是Na2CO3，同时获得副产物NH4Cl8下列说法正确的是：ANa2CO3溶液中，c(OH-) = c(H+)c(HCO)c(H2CO3) B通常情况下，气体的水溶性：NH3SO2H2SCl2CNa2CO3 CO2白色沉淀，说明元素的非金属性：ClCSiDC(s，金刚石) =C(s，石墨)；H0

4、，则金刚石比石墨稳定9X、Y、Z和W代表原子序数依次增大的四种短周期元素，X原子核内没有中子，在周期表中，Z与Y、 W均相邻；Y、Z和W三种元素的原子最外层电子数之和为17。则下列有关叙述正确的是 AY、Z和W三种元素不可能位于同一周期 B上述元素形成的氢化物中，W的氢化物相对分子质量最大，熔沸点最高 CY和W所形成的含氧酸均为强酸DX、Y、Z和W不可能形成X5YZ4W的离子化合物10下列各组离子，在指定溶液中能大量共存的是 A无色溶液中：K+、Cl、Na+、HCO、OHB室温下水电离产生的c(H+) = 1012mol/L的溶液中：ClO、CO、NO、NH、SOC加入Mg能放出H2的溶液中：

5、Mg2+、NH、Cl、Na+、SOD使甲基橙变红的溶液中：NO、SO、Na+、Fe2+11可逆反应A(g) + 3B(g) 2C(g)；H 0。有甲、乙两个容积相同且不变的密闭容器，向甲容器中加入1 molA和3 molB，在一定条件到下达平衡时放出热量为Q1 kJ；在相同的条件下，向乙容器中加入2 molC达到平衡后吸收热量为Q2 kJ，已知Q13Q2。下列叙述错误的是A甲中A的转化率为75B甲、乙中C的体积分数相同 ks5u C平衡后向乙中加入0.25 mol A、0.75 mol B、1.5 mol C，平衡向生成C的方向移动D乙中的热化学反应方程式为2C(g)A(g)+3B(g)；H+

6、3Q2 kJmol10V(NaOH) (mL)沉淀质量 (g)白色沉淀ab cd12甲、乙两个电解池均以Pt为电极且互相串联，甲池盛足量AgNO3溶液，乙池盛有一定量的某溶液，通电一段时间后，测得甲池电极质量增加2.16g，乙池电极析出0.24g金属，则乙池中溶质可能是： ANa2SO4 BAl(NO3)3 CCuSO4 DMgSO413向用盐酸酸化的MgCl2、FeCl3混合溶液中逐滴滴入NaOH溶液，生成的沉淀质量与滴入NaOH溶液体积关系如右图，则原混合溶液中MgCl2与FeCl3的物质的量之比为：A B C D 考号 班级 姓名 密 封 线 化学第II卷 26（16分）乙二酸俗称草酸，

7、某化学兴趣小组欲进行草酸性质的探究。通过查阅资料，得知草酸钙是难溶于水的白色固体，草酸及其晶体的主要物理参数如下：名称分子式颜色、状态溶解度（g）熔点（OC）密度（g/cm3）乙二酸H2C2O48.6（20 OC）189.51.900乙二酸晶体H2C2O42H2O无色晶体101.51.650回答下列问题：（1）向酸性高锰酸钾溶液中逐滴加入草酸饱和溶液，振荡观察到的现象是 。说明乙二酸具有 性 。(2) 向A试管中加入3mL乙醇，边振荡边加入2mL浓硫酸和2mL乙二酸，B试管中加入 溶液，按图1连接好装置，加热35min，在B试管中有带香味的油状液体产生，写出反应的化学方程式 。（3）图2是中学

8、化学实验常用装置，用此装置可制备的气体是 （填字母编号） AO2 BH2 CCl2 DNH3 EC2H4 FC2H2（4）已知草酸分解方程式为：H2C2O4H2O+CO+CO2，用图3加热草酸晶体探究其分解产物。该图是中学化学教材中的实验装置图，但有人认为该装置不合理。请你根据草酸晶体的某些物理性质和实验目的，指出图3不合理的原因（至少写两点） 。 该装置不符合绿色化学要求，因为 。27（14分）下图是无机物A N的转化关系（部分产物及反应条件未列出）。已知：E、F、G、J为单质，且E、F为金属；物质M、M（主要成分）和D、I分别由相同元素组成；I为黑色晶体；B是有臭鸡蛋气味的气体，C是有刺激

9、性气味的气体。请填写以下空白：（1）B的电子式是 ；组成G单质的原子结构示意图是 。组成F单质的元素在周期表中的位置 。（2）EI的化学反应方程式 ；（3）C与N溶液反应的离子方程式是：_；（4）实验室如何保存B溶液 ；（5）B溶液如果较长时间暴露在空气中，往往会产生红褐色沉淀，写出该反应的化学反应方程式： 。28(17分)四川某公司生产的乙偶姻是一种重要的医药、农药、化工中间体。人工合成乙偶姻的路线及与乙偶姻有关的反应如下：请回答下列问题：(1) 烷烃A只有2种同分异构体(包括A)，则A的分子式是 。(2) B和J均为一氯代烃，B发生消去反应时，有两种有机产物，一个D分子中有两个甲基，而J发

10、生消去反应时，只有一种有机产物。写出J、C、乙偶姻的结构简式：J_、C_、乙偶姻_。(3) 写出下列反应方程式，并注明反应类型DE ， ；E 乙偶姻 ， ；FG ， ；(4) 乙偶姻的能与NaOH溶液反应的同分异构体有 种。(5) 最新获得发明专利的乙醛催化合成乙偶姻的方法是以乙醛为原料，在催化剂的作用下，实现了乙偶姻的一步合成。写出该反应的化学方程式： 。Mg、Ar反应TiCl4焦炭钛白粉海绵钛Cl2MgCl2电解Mg、Cl2分离反应29（13分）21世纪是钛的世纪。下面是利用钛白粉（TiO2）生产海绵钛（Ti）的一种工艺流程图：（1） 钛白粉是利用TiO2发生水解生成钛酸（H2TiO3）沉

11、淀，再煅烧沉淀制得的。TiO2发生水解的离子方程式为 。（2）反应在800900下进行，生成一种可燃性气体，该反应的化学方程式为 ；（3）该工艺流程中，可以循环使用的物质有 。（4）将CO2转化成有机物可有效实现碳循环。科学家最近成功开发出一种能将CO2转化为液体燃料的转基因蓝藻。这种蓝藻能通过光合作用将CO2和H2O转化为异丁醇(CH3)2CHCH2OH，实验测得异丁醇的燃烧热是2667.6kJ/mol，写出蓝藻通过光合作用生成异丁醇的热化学方程式(有机物用结构简式表示) 。利用合成的异丁醇与KOH溶液、空气和适当的电极可制成燃料电池，该燃料电池负极的电极反应是 。（5）在8001000时电

12、解TiO2也可制得海绵钛，装置如下图所示。图中b是电源的 极，阴极的电极反应式为 。2.8V3.2V石墨TiO2熔融的CaCl2O2ab 高2021级热身考试化学试题答案及评分细则题号678910111213答案CDBACDCD26（共16分）（1）溶液紫红色褪去 还原（各2分）（2）饱和Na2CO3 （各2分） (3) A、D（2分）(4)草酸晶体的熔点低于其分解温度，分解之前已经熔化流出管口，无法完成实验。 无法检验是否有CO,H2O生成 未冷凝草酸蒸气，草酸蒸气与澄清石灰水反应生成白色沉淀，干扰CO2的检验。 （任答两点，每点2分）（5）没有尾气处理装置，产生的CO会污染环境。（2分）2

13、7（共14分，每空2分） （1） 第四周期第VIII族 （2）8Al +3Fe3O4 9Fe+ 4Al2O3 （3）SO2+ 2 H2O +2 Fe 3+SO +2 Fe 2+ +4H+（4）在FeSO4 溶液中加入铁钉（或铁屑）并加入适量稀硫酸（5）12FeSO4+3O2+6H2O4Fe(OH)3+4Fe2(SO4)328（17分）（1）C4H10（2分）（2）CH3CH2CH2CH3ClCH3CHCHCH3CH3CHClCOCH3（各2分，共6分）（4）6种（2分） (5) （2分）29（共13分）800900（1）TiO22H2OH2TiO32H（2分）（2）TiO22Cl22C TiC

14、l42CO（2分）（3）Mg、Cl2（各1分，共2分）（4）4CO2(g)+5H2O(l)(CH3)2CHCH2OH(l)+6O2(g)；H+2667.6kJ/mol（2分） (CH3)2CHCH2OH24e+ 32OH4CO+21H2O（2分）(5) 正（1分） TiO24eTi2O2（2分） ks5u ks5u 2021年广东省高考全真模拟试卷 英语（三）本试卷共12页，四大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上

15、角“条形码粘贴处”。2 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一井交回。I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2130各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项

16、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Merry Christmas, Uncle Scrooge!” cried a cheerful voice. It was a voice of Scrooges nephew, who came upon the old man so quickly that he gave the latter quite a 1 .His nephew had so heated himself with rapid walking in the fog and frost that he was _2_ and gasping for breath. His hands

17、ome face was red and cheerful and his bright, dark eyes sparkled. The young man was obviously in a cheerful 3 . Scrooge was 4 by the cheerful face before him. He turned to his nephew and said, “Bah! Could you stop this nonsense of yours?”“Christmas a nonsense, Uncle!” said Scrooges nephew. “You dont

18、 really mean that, do you?”“Oh, yes, I do,” said Scrooge. “Merry Christmas! What right have you to be merry? Youre so _5 that I cant see any reason for you to be happy. I would be miserable if I were you.”“Come on, Uncle Scrooge, do stop 6 ,” replied the nephew gaily. “What right have you to be unha

19、ppy and sad? What reason have you to be so 7 and angry when one is as rich as you are?”Scrooge could not think of an answer at that moment. He was at a loss for 8 and all he could say was Bah again and follow that with What nonsense!“Dont be 9 , Uncle!” said the nephew.“What else can I be,” return t

20、he uncle, “when I live in such a world of 10 as this? Merry Christmas! Down with Merry Christmas! Whats Christmas time for you but a time for trying to pay 11 without enough money; a time for finding yourself a year 12 , but not an hour richer; a time to look back at the things you did, but only to

21、realize that youve achieved _13 ? If I could have my way,” said Scrooge 14 , “every fool like you who goes about with Merry Christmas on his lips would be 15 or steamed like a Christmas pudding” 1. A. smileB. jokeC. presentD. start2. A. sweatingB. talkingC. jumpingD. crying3. A. attitudeB. faceC. mo

22、odD. emotion4. A. excitedB. annoyedC. disturbedD. concerned5. A. poorB. cheapC. richD. kind6. A. talkingB. complainingC. grumblingD. blaming7. A. ill-judgedB. ill-naturedC. ill-logicalD. ill-tempered8. A. attentionB. messagesC. wordsD. signs9. A. crossB. nervousC. madD. crazy10. A. peopleB. foolsC.

23、thingsD. money11. A. cashB. taxC. priceD. bills12. A. youngerB. olderC. prettierD. cheaper13. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. nobody14. A. happilyB. worriedlyC. unhappilyD. angrily15. A. boiledB. closedC. openD. heated第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的

24、正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。While walking through a park in the industrial city of Kharkov, I spotted an old Russian veteran of World War .They are 16 (easy) identified by the medals and ribbons they still proudly display on their shirts and jackets. This is not an act of egotism. It is their cou

25、ntrys way of honoring those 17 helped save Russia, even though 20 million Russians _18_(kill) by the Nazis. I went up to this old man 19 (sit) with his wife and said, “Druzhba i mir” (friendship and peace). The man looking at me as if in 20 (believe), took the button we 21 (make) for the trip and sa

26、id “Friendship” in being held by loving hands, and said, “Americanski?” I replied, “Da, Americanski. Druzhba i mir.” He clasped both my hands as if we were long 22 (lose) brothers and repeated again, “Americanski!” This time there was recognition and love in his statement.For 23 next few minutes he

27、and his wife spoke 24 Russian as if I understood every word, and I spoke English as if I knew he would understand. You know what? 25 of us understood a word, but we surely understood each other. We hugged, and laughed and cried, all the while saying, “Druzhba i mir, Americanski.” “I love you, I am p

28、roud to be in your country, we do not want war. I love you!” 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AOne hot, summer day, you returned home late from school and were very hungry. You opened the refrigerator, saw some left-over chicken, and ate it quickly

29、. Several hours later, you felt very sick. Your stomach was painful and felt as if it had turned to liquid. You had to make frequent visits to the washroom. You felt unwell for several days and after you recovered, you thought to yourself “It must have been something I ate.” You were probably right.

30、“Food poisoning” is the name given to the unpleasant symptoms you get when you eat food which is contaminated with certain types of harmful bacteria or by the poison produced by some bacteria. Contrary to popular belief, the bacteria which cause food to rot are not the most common cause of food pois

31、oning. In fact, food poisoning from this cause is very rare simply because people do not usually eat food which is noticeably “off”. Usually the contaminated food which does cause food poisoning looks, smells and tastes alright.Food poisoning is not infectious, but outbreaks of the illness often aff

32、ect more than one person. The reason is that the bacteria which cause food poisoning can infect the large quantity of food prepared for many people. However, it does not follow that everybody who eats the contaminated food becomes ill and nobody knows why some people seem to escape doing so.Food poi

33、soning is so common nowadays that almost everyone has suffered from it, especially people who live in urban areas. This is so because city dwellers are used to eating mass-produced food in public areas where hygiene is often neglected. As people become familiar with the symptoms of food poisoning, f

34、ew bother to visit their doctor when they have one of the milder forms of this illness, so it is very difficult to say just how widespread it is.26. The underlined words “this cause” (the second paragraph) probably means “_”.A. poisonB. rotten foodC. popular beliefD. contaminated food27. What are ma

35、inly described in paragraph 1?A. The reasons for food poisoningB. Food poisoningC. The symptoms of food poisoningD. The working of the bacteria 28. Food poisoning is very common in places where people _.A. eat out a lotB. are neglectedC. are dirtyD. love to entertain29. Which of the following is an

36、example of mass-produced food in public areas?A. An apple bought in the supermarketB. A packet of dried beansC. Canned fruit juiceD. Fried noodles at a street stall30. People would not be _ to visit their doctor if they suffer from mild food. A. sick B. able C. want D. botheredBThe Wang family decid

37、ed to go abroad for their Christmas holiday.“Where would you like to go?” Mr. Wang asked his family over dinner.“England,” Tony said eagerly.“Im sorry, England is too expensive and we cant afford to go there,” his father said.“How about Thailand?” Janet asked. “There is a special package tour on pro

38、motion at the moment and the price is quite reasonable. Ive the travel brochure here. Look.”Mr. Wang called on the travel agent, made a booking and paid a deposit for the tour. Several days later, when he paid the balance, the travel agent said to him. “You will get your air tickets at the airport a

39、s yours are the special group fare type. Please arrive at the airport two hours before departure on that day. Remember to wear this badge and show our people your passports in front of the check-in counter,” he continued.On the day of departure, the Wangs took a taxi to the airport. While they were

40、approaching the check-in counter, a middle-aged man came up to them and said, “Are you traveling with Asia Travel Bureau? Im their representative and heres my identification,” pointing to the tag on his lapel. “Can I have your passports before I give you the tickets?”Unsuspectingly, Mr. Wang handed hi