专四写作辅导(完整版)实用资料.doc

《专四写作辅导(完整版)实用资料.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专四写作辅导(完整版)实用资料.doc（124页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专四写作辅导（完整版）实用资料(可以直接使用，可编辑 完整版实用资料，欢迎下载）A thesis submitted toin partial fulfillment 专四写作辅导第一节 写作要求及评分标准（一）测试要求(a) 要求根据所出的题目和列出的写作提纲或图表、数字统计表等(也附有写作提纲)写一篇200词左右的短文。能做到内容切题、完整、条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。考试时间35分钟。(b) 写便条：要求根据提示写大约50-60词的通知、便条、请贴等。要求格式正确，语言得体。考试时间10分钟。（二）题型：本部分为主观试题，分两节：SectionA和SectionB。S

2、ection A：作文(Composition)本节是作文，题目主要属于记叙文、说明文或议论文的范围。Section B：写便条(Note-writing)本节是写便条。 测试目的：按照教学大纲的要求测试学生在基础阶段末期用英语书面表达思想的能力。（三）评分标准(a) 作文评分标准1. 本题满分为15分。 2. 阅卷标准共分五等：15分、14-12分、11-9分、8-6分及5-3分。 15分文章内容切题，表达思想清楚，行文通顺流畅；论证严密，论据充分，基本上无语言错误。 14-12分文章内容切题，表达思想清楚，语言比较通顺连贯，只有极少量语法错误。 11-9分文章内容基本切题。尚能表达中心思想

3、，但说理不够清楚，文字连贯不够好；有少量语言错误。 8-6分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。语言错误多。 5-3分文章条理不清，语言缺乏连贯，句子错误很多，或语言虽通顺流畅但完全偏题。(b) 便条写作评分标准与样卷1 评分标准根据2004年新版考试大纲，便条满分为10分，从格式、内容、语言以及语言得体性四方面进行评分。2007年专业四级便条写作评分标准评分构成分值要求扣分标准 日期 2右上角，April 22nd, 2007/22 April, 2007/Apr. 22, 2007/22/4/2007/4/22/2007/April 22nd/Apr. 22/凡不符合上述正确格式要求均扣1

4、分。结束语和谦称在同一行，人名没写或用xx 表示扣1分，最多扣2分 称呼在日期下一行左侧，Dear Jimmy,/Dear Jimmy:/Jimmy: 结尾右下方，Truly yours,/Yours truly,/Yours sincerely,/Sincerely yours,/Yours,内容 3涵盖invited + declining+ explaining 少1点扣1分，最多3项内容扣3分语言 4语法、词法正确严重语法、词法错误扣1分，一个句子或同类错误扣1分，拼写等小错误2个扣1分，最多扣4分语言得体性 1总分在8分以上考虑加此分总字数50-60字（包括三部分格式）少于40或多于

5、80字扣1分日期、称呼、结尾全左对齐也可：如：April 22,2007Dear Jimmy,I haveSincerely yours,Sally（四） 样卷分析题目要求Section A CompositionNowadays, the Internet has become part of peoples life, and millions of young people have made friends online.Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:I

6、s it Wise to Make Friends Online?You are to write in three parts.In the first part of your article you should clearly present your view.In the second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details.In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summa

7、ry.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.(14 Pts)Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?With the Internet becoming an indispensable part of modern peoples life, making friends on line enjoys its

8、 great popularity, especially among young people. However, is it wise to make friends online, as many parents and teachers are worrying about? As far as I am concerned, I strongly oppose being addicted to making friends online.Firstly, too much attention to online friends distracts your concerns to

9、the true friends and families in the real world. If we look around, we often find a lot of young people staying online and chatting with online friends all day long. By the same time, the communication between them and the friends around them are becoming less and less. Therefore, they feel lonelier

10、 in real life and spend more time on Internet.Besides, online friends are often disguised. A large number of cases have proved that many criminals make use of Internet to cheat of money or love. Even if they are not cheaters, they tend to be totally different persons when you get in actual contact w

11、ith them. Theres always a gap between the real world and the imaginary one.Nevertheless, it is unwise to make friends online. Those who are indulging in Internet should cast your eyesight to the friendship and kinship in the real life. What you should do is to seek solution, but not to escape.(12 pt

12、s)Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?Nowadays, it has been a fashion to make friends online, and more and more teenagers, college students and even many adults will spend a lot of time chatting with people on the Internet. But I dont think it is wise to make friends online.Firstly, most people will n

13、ot reveal their real identity on the Internet, which will not enable you to make true friends. Just imagine, a young lady you are talking with may be an old man, and Im sure we will feel very bad when we are exposed to the truth. Besides, the friends online can bring bad effect to people, especially

14、 for teenagers. The unhealthy stuff will both physically and psychologically influence young people and, in a certain degree, can lead an unproper way to their whole life. At last, making friends online can do bad to the relationship between you and your family and friends in real life. Being addict

15、ed to the Internet makes you ignore the reality. You will be angry about your parents persuading and after a long time, maybe you will find you have lost the ability of how to communicate with others properly.In a word, it is not wise to make friends online. I hope everyone can focus on the reality

16、instead of wasting too much time making friends on the Internet.(9 pts)Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?There is a tendency we cant deny that most of us have access to Internet. Susequently, making friends online has become a common thing. Some may argue that making friends online isnt a good choic

17、e, however, personally, I hold the idea that it is wiser to make friends online.On one hand, its a kind of company. When we live in our apartment, we seldom communicate to the neighbors, esp. that our family members are outside, the sense of feel lonely overcome us. Therefore, in order to get rid of

18、 this, we need to find someone to talk with. Then making friends online is a good way to solve this problem. Meanwhile, we can not only gain friendship, but also exchange our minds. In this way, we obtain a sense of satisfaction from talking with a stranger who will tend to say beautiful words towar

19、ds us.On the other hand, making friends online help us enrich our sight. We make friends, coming from different areas, accordingly, we obtain a lot of information that we cant get from our limited knowledge. Sometimes, friends online encourage us to read helpful books where will be able to learn mor

20、e.All in all, from my point of view, making friends is helpful for enriching our knowledge and helping us encourage with others, hence, it is advisable to makes friends on line as long as we use it properly.(7 pts)Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?People would like to make the best of Internet to br

21、oaden their minds, they can get large information, they can play interesting games, even they can mak friends online. While a question has been arisen: “Is it wise to make friends on line?”The Internet is not reality, you can not trust a person through the Internet. Now I would not like to talk abou

22、t the advantages of the Internet, while the disadvantages you can not deny is existing. Many people make the most of it to do bad things, such as trick you that he is need of money eagerly and wise you would help him as a friend, or character as your friend to inform your family that you are in dang

23、er and need money to save you. All the things can be seen on the newspapers magazines,etc. So it is unwise to trust a so called online friend.I can Jump to the conclude that it is unwise to make friends on line, because it is not reality, also we can not trust others without knowing the person well.

24、 So lets do utmost to make the base use of the advantages of the Internet. Cherish the friends around us!(5pts) Is it Wise to Make Friends Online?I think it is wise to make friends online. First, Now jobs pressure more and more. Everyone cannot better talk face to face. Second, Friends online may sp

25、eak everything of them.Third, Friends online may help something of them and solve some problem.The forth,Friends online may gain more knowledge and information.All in all, make friends online is wise in the society. Make friends online cannt change a 潮流。 Everyone may enjoy Everyone with his friends

26、online.!Section B Note-writingWrite on Answer Sheet Two a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Your classmate, Jimmy, is head of the universitys swimming club. He has invited you to join the club, but you like some other sport. Write him a note, declining his invitation and exp

27、laining why.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.(9 pts)April 22nd, 2007Dear Jimmy,Its very kind of you to invite me to join the universitys swimming club. I am most grateful to be asked. However, Ive already joined a basketball club. You know I like playing b

28、asketball very much. I am afraid I do not have enough time to take part in two sports. I am very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of enjoying swimming with you. Good luck to your club. Yours, Mike(7 pts)22 April, 2007Dear Jimmy,Thank you for your inviting m

29、e to participating in the universitys swimming club. But I regret to tell you that Im not able to join you, since I found myself more interested in the basketball club. I hope you will not be angry to me. Yours, Mike(5 pts)Dear Jimmy,Sorry! I couldnt take part in your university swimming club, becau

30、se I more like football. I have to decline your invitation. What a pity! I am sure you will not be angry at me, because you are always my best friend.Sorry again! Yours, TomApril 22, 2007(3pts)Hello, Jimmy:Im shy to tell you I like other sport. So I dont take part in you club. You may ask : why? Not

31、 because other reasons, I interested more in pingpong and it is more cheaper. I think, except me, more people will support you. Tony第二节 作文写作方法(一) 英文写作守则(Principles of Writing)1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc. 下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。 2.Write clearly. Be concise. Avo

32、id wordiness. 写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences. 使用好的文法，写出完整句子。4.Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style. 尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words. 避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。6.Avoid use of the first person (i.e. I/me/my) unless necessary to specific piece.除非必要，避免使

33、用第一人称：如“我/我的”。7.Writing naturally. Read it aloud. Does it sound natural? Does it flow? 自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？8.Move logically from one idea to the next. Dont skip steps. 上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。 (二) 了解英语写作特点1.英语文章段落结构特点 英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句 (1)主题句：所谓主题句，就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。它是英语文章段落的灵魂，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位

34、。我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山，所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。其他句子都要围绕它而展开。 (2)扩展句：所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子(for example, for instance, such as, a case in point is that-)、列数据(according to the recent study/survey,-)等。 (3)结尾句：所谓结尾句就是总结句。英语写作也类似于汉语写作，最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。 因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构 60%-

35、70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成。 2.主旨句 作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图，我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章，自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。 第三节 专四写作模式审题+确定主题句+三段式作文+修改完善一、审题历年题型分析1. 对比选择型(1) Advantages/ Disadvantages1999 A Major Advantage / Disadvantage of Advertising on Television1995 The Advantages

36、and Disadvantages of Part-time Jobs1994 TV: a Good Thing or a Bad Thing?(2) A/B1996 Main Difference Between My College Life and My Middle School Life2004 Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?2006 Saving Money or Using Tomorrows Money?(3) Yes/No 1997 More Pressure from Academic Studies Does (or Does not)

37、Good to Us2007 Is It Wise to Make Friends Oneline?2. 给定观点型2000 The Importance of Extracurricular Activities2001 Travel Broadens the Mind2003 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood3. 自由发挥型(1) My Idea1992 My View on Reading Extensively1993 My Idea of Becoming a Teacher in the future2005 My Idea of a Un

38、iversity Art Festival(2) The Best Way1998 One way to solve the problem2002 The Best Way to Stay Healthy二、确定主题句Subject + AttitudeA Major Advantage / Disadvantage of Advertising on Television(1) In my opinion, I am in favor of the advertising on TV(2) There are two reasons, I think, for the growing nu

39、mber of ads on TV(3) In conclusion, TV ads play a very important role in our economic behavior三、三段作文提出论题（开头）+进行论证（中间、支持）+给出结论（结尾）1. 开头（1）引用Knowledge is power. Knowledge is the foundation of ones development. So we should try to gain more knowledge. Reading extensively is an effective way in getting

40、knowledge.(2) 提问Nowadays, the desire for good health is universal. However, which do you think is the best way to keep healthy?Why should I chose to attend college? Is the four-year academic life worthwhile?(3) 开门见山Reading is important for us. For English majors, extensive reading is a very importan

41、t way to improve English(4) 间接开头Nowadays we can see ads on TV every day . Some people believe that ads on TV can bring us benefits, but others dont think so. In my opinion, I am in favor of the advertising on TV.(5)概括Recently, people in modern society live under a lot of pressure from education, car

42、eer or family. We often hear cases of going mad or committing suicide by those who cannot handle them well. So, keeping a good mood becomes a hot topic.2. 中间（支持段）例证法，比较-对比法、因果法等（I）说明原因型模块（1）Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities . It is estimated that ( 1 ). Why have there been so m

43、any XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that ( 2 ) .Besides,( 3 ) . The third reason is ( 4 ).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to ( 5 ) .It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing ,( 6 ).On the other hand ,( 7 ). All these measures will certain

44、ly reduce the number of XX .注释：（1）用具体数据说明XX现象（2）原因一（3）原因二（4）原因三（5）指出主要原因（6）解决建议一（7）解决建议二 Generation gap between parents and children Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so- called generation gap . It is estimated that (75 percentage of parents of

45、ten complain their childrens unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned). Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows . The first one is that ( the two generations, having grown up at di

46、fferent times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them) . Besides,(due to having little in common to talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face ) . The third reason is (with thepace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they dont spare enough