2019年全国卷Ⅰ英语高考试题（解析版）.pdf

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1、2019年全国卷I英语高考试题（解析版）【试题评价】今年试题的主要特点可以用 稳中有变、难度提升 八个字来概括.难度较近几年有一定提升，强调基础性、综合性和应用性.具体来看，今年英语学科的高考命题有以下特点：一、选材上，诸多篇幅围绕“环保健康”主 题；二、难度 上，和去年相比有一定的提升。三、知识考查上，强调基础性、综合性和应用性。今年的完形难度较往年有较大的提升，围绕乞力马扎罗山的垃圾污染问题展开。难度主要体现在 四 点：一是行文有记叙、说明以及议论三种体裁的混合，加大内容理解的难度；二是词汇出现了以往在阅读中出现的长词，如 skeptical,atmosphere,permanent,si

2、gnificant;三是熟词僻义以及短语的考查,significant在文章中是“相当大的 意思，give way to是 让步”的意思；四是行文前后文线索不多，一半左右的题都要通过代入法，然后反复阅读从而理解前后文表达的大意，才可以解题.所以，今年完形在难度上是有质的提升的，考生在平时的训练中要加大对行文逻辑意思的把握与理解.解析简介：每题都分为四部分：1 .【原题呈现】2.【答案】3.【文章大意与解析】4.【参考翻译】听力第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5

3、分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C o1 .Where does this conversation take place?A.In a classroom.B.In a hospital.C.In a museum.2.What does Jack want to do?A.Take fitness classes.B.Buy a pair of gym s

4、hoes.C.Change his work schedule.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.What to drink.B.Where to meet.C.When to leave.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A She might want a ticket.B.She is looking for the ma

5、n.C.She has an extra ticket.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】6 How long did James run his business?A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.7.How does the woman feel about James

6、situation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.What has Kates mother decided to do?A.Return to school.B.Change her job.C.Retire from work.9.What did Kates mother study at college?A.Oil painting.B.Art history.C.Business administration.10.What is Kates attitude toward her mother

7、s decision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.What is the man doing?A.Chairing a meeting.B.Hosting a radio program.C.Conducting a job interview.12.What benefits Mary most in her job?A.Her wide reading.B.Her leaders guidance.C.Her friends help13.Who will Mary talk about ne

8、xt?A.Her teacher.B.Her fatherC.Her mother.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?A.He lacks motivation.B.He has a heart problem.C.He works all the time.15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A.Hes an athlete.B.Hes a researcher.C.Hes a journalist.16.Why does the woman speak of a s

9、tudy?A.To encourage the man.B.To recommend an exercise.C.To support her findings.17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A.300 minutes.B.150 minute.C.75 minutes.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.What did the scientists do to the road?A.They repaired it.B.They painted it.C.They blocked it19.Wh

10、y are young birds drawn to the road surface?A.Its warm.B.Its brown.C.Its smooth.20.What is the purpose of the scientists experiment?A.To keep the birds there for a whole year.B.To help students study the birds well.C.To prevent the birds from being killed.答 案：1-5:BABCA 6.-10:CBACC11-15.:BACAB 16-20:

11、ACBAC(听力原题呈现)录音稿(Text 1)W:Excuse me,sir.Visiting hours are over now.Your wife must get some rest.M:Oh.rm sorry.doctor.I didnt hear the bell or I would have left earlier.(Text 2)M:Hello,my name is Jack.I need to get in shape.How do I register for the classes?W:Well need you to join the gym,and then y

12、ou can find out which classes fit your schedulethe best.(Text 3)W:Til see you at the theater.M:Better still.Lets meet in the Red Lion Bar to have a nice little talk.W:Good idea.And Id love to have a drink there.(Text4)M:Hello.my name is John Arber and Im calling to ask about the position advertised

13、in Fridaysdaily mail.W:Yes,the position is still open.You could come over and have a talk with us.(Text 5)M:I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight.Would you like to join me?W:Thanks,but I already have one.You can ask Emily.She might be interested.(Text 6)W:Did you know James went out of busin

14、ess?M:Really?When was that?W:Last month.M:Thats too bad.He had owned that business for fifteen years.What happened?M:I dont know.But life must be pretty tough for his family now.His sons are still soyoung.Onc is thirteen.and the other is ten.M:Well,maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.W:I

15、hope so.(Text7)M:Guess what:My mothers decided to go back to school.M:Why?W:Well,she always loved art but learned business administration at college because herparents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job.M:So she wants to study art now?W:Yeah.oil painting.Its been her dream for a lo

16、ng time.M:Its nice to return to learn what she loves.But,KateJ still think old age should be aboutpeace and relaxation.Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sounds a bit toomuch for her.W:You know,she retired last year.And Im leaving for the university soon.She needs to findsomething

17、 interesting to do.M:Well,maybe,if its what she wants.(Text 8)M:Dear listeners,for todays show I have with me my colleague.Mary Lanes.She has been aradio reporter for mans vears.Mary.welcome to our show.W:Its a pleasure to be here.M:Would you please tell our listeners who most influenced your decisi

18、on to become areporter?W:Both my parents had a great influence upon my choice of work.Instead of trying to pick outa job for me,they helped me learn those things that led me to it.M:How did they do that?W:My father always told me that an education was one of the greatest advantages I couldhave-one t

19、hat would alwavs stay with me.He used to tell me that readers were leaders andencouraged me to read all I could.As a result.Ive always kept up wirh the newspapers,faithfully read news magazines and learned to realls enjoy books,all of which have been aninvaluable help to me in radio and television r

20、eporting.M:What about your mother?W:Well.my mother helped me in a much different way.(Text 9)M:We all know that exercise is good for us.but sometimes it seems too hard to leave the sofa.W:I can see that.You seldom do exercise.M:Plus,having the doctor tell us to ger owo and a hair hours or evercise a

21、 week doesnt reallvhelp our motivation much.W:Dont be discouraged.Now,a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesnthave to be that demanding.Jacob Sattelmair,from Harvard University has done a study into howmuch exercise is needed to lower the risk of heart attacks.M:Mm.interesting.W:Th

22、e study showed that people who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20%lowerrisk of death due to heart disease.Still.the people who exercised 150 minutes a week did prett welltoo.lowering their death risk by 14%.M:And what about the people who exercise half as much as that like what I probabl

23、y do.Doesthat help?W:Of course.Even 15 minutes would help.（Text 10）M:Here is a piece of news for bird lovers.Scientists have painted a long roadjed,sellowand white.They hope to discourage the seabirds from wandering onto the highway.The area ishome to large crowds of birds that come to stay for the

24、season.Young birds are ofien attracted tothe warn road surfice and get killed by tbe traffic.Biologist student Hannah tells thebroadcaster,The youngstersfeathers are brown in color.The dark-colored road surface makesthe youngsters hard to be noticed.As the number of tourists has grown,so has the amo

25、untof traffic on the roads.Biologist Christan says the plan is to see how the birds respond to themulticolored road this summer,and if it works,the idea could spread to other parts of the country.（阅读A原题呈现）Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help s

26、tudents find summerjobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student?Go to the government website to learn about programs and online toolsavailable to help people under 30 build skills,find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager l

27、iving in certain parts of the province,you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible:Youth 15-18 years old in select communities（社 区）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awa

28、rds of up to$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible:Students aged 15-29,returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resourcemanagement projects for eight weeks this summer.Who i

29、s eligible:Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire,but not turning 18 before December 31this year.Summer Employment Opportunities（机 会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program,students are hired each year in avariety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service,its related agenc

30、ies andcommunity groups.Who is eligible:Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 orup to 29 for persons with a disability.21.What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows on

31、e to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.22.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23.Which program favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.Summer Empl

32、oyment Opportunities.【答案】21.B 22.D 23.D【文章大意与解析】文章体裁：本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。21题详解】细节理解题。根据 Summer Company 部分中的Summer Company provides studentswith.awards of up to$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses可知SummerCompany为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务;start and run their o

33、wnsummer businesses即 为开办新的业务，这对应B项中的rimn new businesses,二者是词义之间的转述关系。故 选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中的第二段Who is eligible:Studentsaged 16 or 17 at time of hire,but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.可知 符合条件的学生：16岁 或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”.由 此 得 出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。

34、分析选项可知D项符合题意，故 选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根 据Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句Who iseligible:.Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability,可 知Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。（阅读A参考翻译）今年夏天需要工作吗？省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。截止日期和您需要申

35、请的内容取决于该项目.不是学生？访问政府网站，了解可以帮助30岁以下的人提高技能、找到工作或全年创业的项目和在线工具。青年工作如果你是居住在该省某些地区的青少年，你有资格（符合条件）参加该计划。提供八周带薪工作和培训I。任职资格：15-18岁的青年在选定社区（社 区）工作.暑期公司暑期公司为学生提供实践性的商业培训和高达3000美元的奖励，以启动和经营他们自己的暑期业务。任职资格：15-29岁的学生，秋季返回学校。青少年管理员项目今年夏天，你可以申请成为一名管理员，为当地的自然资源管理项目工作8周。任职资格:入职时年满16或17岁，但在今年12月31日前未满18岁的学生。夏季就业机会通过暑期就

36、业机会计划，学生每年都会在各省公共服务部门及其相关机构和社区团体的各种暑期职位上就业.任职资格：1 5岁或以上的学生。有些职位要求年龄为1 5至24或最多至29岁身体有残疾的人士。21.暑期公司有什么特别之处？A.就业前不需要培训。B.为经营新业务提供奖励。C.允许在自然环境中工作。D.提供更多的暑期工作机会。22.青少年管理员年龄范围是多少？A.15-18 岁。B.15-24 岁。C.15-29 岁。D16-17 岁。23.哪个项目对残疾人有利？A.青年就业。B.暑期公司。C.青少年管理员方案。D.夏季就业机会。（阅 读 B 原题呈现）For Canaan 日ementarys second

37、 grade in Patchogue,N.Y.,today is speech day,and rightnow its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8-year-old is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes,heseems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes,nervous.Im here to tell you today why you should.should.MChris trips onthe-ld,a.pronun

38、ciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.His teacher,ThomasWhaley Js next to him,whispering support/*.Vote for.me.Except for some stumbles,Chris isdoing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaley invites therest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants,

39、Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year,when called upon to read,Chris would excuse himselfto go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a greatteacher who lets you make

40、 mistakes.It takes a lot for any student,Whaley explainsespeciallyfor a student who is learning English as their new language,to feel confident enough to say/I dont know,but I want to know.Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked thechildren one day to rai

41、se their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answerbroke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak inpublic.He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸 耀）about themselves.Boasting about yourself,and your best qualities/*Whaley says,“is ver

42、y difficult for a childwho came into the classroom not feeling confident.24.What made Chris nervous?A.Telling a story.B.Making a speech.C.Taking a test.D.Answering a question.25.What does the underlined word“stumbles in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Improper pauses.B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Silly

43、 jokes.26.We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to.A.help students see their own strengthsB.assess students*public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students/love for politics27.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambiti

44、ous.C.Caring.D.Demanding.【答案】24.B 25.A 26.A 27.C【文章大意与解析】本文属于记叙文，讲述托马斯威利为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 today is speech day 和本段最后一句 with shining dark eyes,he seems likethe kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking.以及第二段第一句 But he*s nervous.可 知，克里斯眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知克里斯是因

45、为做演讲紧张,故 选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段Im here to tell you today why you should.should./1 Chris trips on the-Id”,a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.以及后文 except for somestumbles,Chris is doing amazingly w ell可知，克 里 斯 发Id比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说克里斯做得出奇的好.根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴

46、，停顿得不准，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to readand speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最后一段boastingabout yourself,and your best qualities,Whaley says,“is very difficult for a child who came intothe classroom not fe

47、eling confident.可 知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，威利老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故 选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaignproject when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never bea pres

48、ident.和最后一段 He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves 可 知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous幽 默 的，ambitious有雄心壮志的；caring关 心 的;demanding要求高的。故 选C.（阅 读B参考翻译）对于纽约州帕奇格的卡纳小学二年级来说，今天是演讲日，现在轮到克里斯帕莱兹了。这 个8岁的孩子是班上的开心果。他有着闪亮的黑眼睛，看起来像那种喜欢在公众场合讲话的孩子.但是他很紧张。

49、我今天来告诉你为什么你应该 应该 克里斯发Id比较困难许多非英语母语人士发这个音都感到困难.他的老师托马斯威利（Thomas Whaley）就站在他旁边，低声表示支持。.投票给 我”除了一些失误，克里斯做得出奇的好。当他的演讲圆满结束时，威利邀请全班同学称赞他。作为一个移民的儿子，克里斯三年前开始学习英语.威利回忆（回想起）在今年年初，当要求阅读时,克里斯会借口去洗手间。把英语作为第二语言学习是一段痛苦的经历.你需要的是一个让你犯错的好老师.这对任何学生来说都需要付出很多，威利解释说，尤其是对于一个学习英语作为新语言的学生来说，要有足够的信心说 我不知道，但 我 想 知 道 一 天，当威利问孩

50、子们，如果他们认为自己永远都不可能成为总统的话，请举手示意，于是他萌生了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。答案伤透了他的心。威利说这个项目不仅仅是在公共场合学习阅读和演讲。他希望这些孩子学会自吹自擂。吹嘘自己和你最好的品质，威利说，”对于一个来到教室里没有自信的孩子来说是很困难的。24.是什么让克里斯紧张呢？A.讲故事。B.演讲。C.考试。D.回答问题。25.第2段中带下划线的stumbles指的是什么？A.不恰当的停顿；B.不礼貌；C.拼写错误；D.愚蠢的笑话。26.我们可以推断威利项目的目的是A.帮助学生了解自己的优势B.评估学生的公共演讲技能C.为学生将来的工作做准备D.激发学生对政治的热爱27