轮复习-3-形容词副词.ppt

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1、形容词、副词形容词、副词河南师大附中高三英语组河南师大附中高三英语组高三英语第二轮复习系列之高三英语第二轮复习系列之链接高考链接高考一、形容词的常见考点：1.表语形容词：只作表语后置定语或补语，不用于名词前。2.如：afraid，alone,alive，asleep，awake，able，sure，ill，aware,well；2.形容词的位置 3.形容词的语序：4.以-ly 结尾的形容词5.形容词的级（原级、比较级和最高级）6.倍数表达法7.a+形容词的比较级+中心词结构8.复合形容词的构成（kind-hearted well-known English-speaking等）9.重点形容词(

2、worth convenient available等)10.形容词作状语n1.(2010上海秋季,26)Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas_journey.A.threehourB.athree-hoursC.athree-hourD.threehours【答案】C【解析】此题考查复合形容词数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”1.副词词干+分词hard-working勤劳的bravely-fighting勇敢战斗的well-known2.名词词干+过去分词man-madesnow-

3、covered3.名词+现在分词time-consuming耗时的energy-savinggrass-eatingpeace-loving爱好和平的4.名词+形容词world-famoussnow-whitelife-long5.数词+名词 five-star ten-year two-man两人的6.数词+名词-ed three-legged four-storeyed ten-speed十速的7.数词+名词+形容词 five-year-old 500-meter-long8.形容词+过去分词ready-madeclean-washed9.形容词+名词-edkind-heartedcold

4、-bloodedwarm-bloodedmiddle-agedshort-sightedabsent-minded10.形容词+现在分词ordinary-lookingfunny-looking11.形容词+形容词red-hot炽热的dark-blue深蓝的n(2000全国)_totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.StudentsbraveenoughC.EnoughbravestudentsD.Studentsenoughbrave解析：enough应放在所修饰

5、的形容词brave之后，排除选项C和D；brave enough与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词 students之后，排除A。答案是B。1.一般情况下，形容词做定语放在所修饰词前。但在下列情况下，形容词要放在被修饰词的后面。（1）形容词做定语修饰somebody,anybody,everything,anything等不定代词时，需后置。Thereisnobodyabsenttoday.Isthereanythingwrongwithyourcar?(2)以-able或-ble结尾的形容词可置于前有最高级形容词或only等词修饰的名词后面Thatisthebestboo

6、kavailable.Thatistheonlysolutionpossible.(3)成对的形容词可以后置。Therewasahugeroom,simpleandbeautiful.(4)“形容词+介词/不定式”构成的短语做定语时，需后置。Theteacheraskedmeaquestiontoodifficulttoanswer.Amansodifficulttopleasemustbehardtoworkwith.三、多个形容词作定语的多个形容词作定语的顺序顺序(2004辽宁)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa_car.1.C.largeGerma

7、nwhite2.B.largewhiteGermanC.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite【答案】B【解析】此题考查多个形容词作定语时顺序问题。其基：本顺序为：限定词限定词-数词数词-描绘词描绘词-(-(大小，长短，形状，新大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色旧，颜色)-)-出处出处-材料性质，类别材料性质，类别-名词名词高考链接美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。present（现在的/在场的）responsible（可依赖的/应负责的）concerned（忧心忡忡的/有关的）proper（适当的/正经的，正式的）involved（复杂难懂的/相关的）a

8、bsent（心不在焉的/缺席的）theresponsibleman可依赖的人themanresponsible应负责的人theabsentstudents心不在焉的学生thestudentsabsent缺席的学生theconcernedteachers忧心忡忡的老师们theteachersconcerned(与事情)有关的老师们 五、五、表语形容词表语形容词(2002北京)Allthepeople_atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important【答案】A【解析】此题考查形容词作后置定语。四选项中只有A

9、项作“出席，在场”讲时是表语形容语，须在句中做后置定语。其它选项作为单个形容词作定语应放在所修饰名词前面高考链接高考链接常见表语形容词afraid,alone,awake,asleep,alive,alike,ashamed,availablesure,sorry，unable，worth基本用法：在句中表语、补语与后置定语（一般不做前置定语）n(08北京卷26)Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtiredC.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandt

10、ired【答案】B【解析】此题考查形容词在句中作状语，表伴随而不是方式。形容词做状语表示伴随或结果，并不表示动作的方式。Helayinbed,wideawake.Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.Thegoatrolledover,dead.Heisstandingthere,fulloffear.Itisprobablethatitwillraintoday.Itisprobabletoraintoday.Itislikelytoraintoday.Itisnotconvenienttoworkatweekends.Pleasecomehereifyouareconve

11、nient.Youcangothereifitisnecessary.Youcangothereifyouarenecessary.possible,impossible,probable,necessary,convenient,inconvenient二、副词的常见考点:1.副词的种类1)时间副词：now，then，today，later，recently等;2)地点副词：here，there，everywhere，away，off等;3)方式副词：well，hard,happily,nervously,carefully等;4)程度副词：almost，much，(a)little，nea

12、rly，rather，too等;5)频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes,hardly，seldom，never等;6)疑问副词：when，where，why，how等，引导特殊疑问句;7)连接副词：where，when，why，how，引导主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句;8)关系副词：when，where，why，引导定语从句;9)其他副词：seriously，instead，besides等。n_Iwenttotherailwaystationtoseemyfriendoff.(1991全国)A.AftereatingquicklymydinnerB.Aft

13、ermyquicklyeatingdinnerC.AftereatingmydinnerquicklyD.Aftereatingmyquicklydinner解析：quickly是表方式的副词，通常位于“动词(+宾语)”之后，故选C。1、频度副词always,usually,often,never等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之后。2、表示方式的副词常放在“动词(+宾语)”之后；3、同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。n(上海卷)_,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulan

14、dcareless.A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange【答案】A【解析】此题考查副词在句中作评注性状语，修饰整个句子。enough 修饰形容词、副词要放在所修饰词之后Fortunately,hewasnotdrownedandwassavedbythePLA.Happilyforher,herstepmotherwaskindtoher.Luckily,hewasnothurtintheaccident.Obviously,youranswerisabsolutelywrong.Naturally,y

15、ouwillwanttodiscussthisproblemwithyourparents.(1998全国)IfIhad_,IdvisitEuropean,stoppingatthesmallinterestingplaces.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough解析：形容词long要放所修饰的名词holiday前；副词enough要放在所修饰的long之后，故选A。知识链接：enough做副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面。如：1、Studentsbrav

16、eenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.2、AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherwayeasilyenoughtotheHomeCircleBuilding.(2006湖南)(05江西34)MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?Ofcourse.Youcanneverbecarefulwiththat.A.enoughB.tooC.soD.very【答案】B【解析】cant与too或enough搭配表示肯定意思，意为越越好-M

17、ary,look,whatdidIfind?-Oh,mylostkey?Icantthankyoutoomuch.（太感谢你了）-IwasridingalongthestreetandallofAsudden,acarcutinandknockedmedown.-Youcanneverbetoocarefulinthestreet.Hesdead/blinddrunk.(=verydrunk)Heswideawake.Itsraining/snowingheavily.Hessound/fastasleep.Hesmoving/breathing/drinking/smokingheavily

18、.Thetraffic/hismoustacheisheavy.如：though,(ever)since,incase等。Heisold.Heworkshard,though.Hecametothisschoolin1988.Hehasbeenworkinghereeversince.=Hehasbeenworkingheresincehecameherein1988.Idontthinkitwillrain,butIwilltakemyumbrella,justincase.=Iwilltakemyumbrellajustincaseitshouldrain.n(32)Itisgeneral

19、lybelievedthatteachingis_itisascience.(2001全国)A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas解析：由固定搭配“as+形容词+(a/an+)名词+as”可排除选项A，B和C。答案是D。n(1994全国)Johnplaysfootball_,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas解析：句意是：“John踢足球不比David更好，也会和他一样好。”从结构上看，去掉插入语ifnotbetterthan，就更清楚地知

20、道用aswellas，肯定句中不用soas。答案是B。1.表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时,用As+adj/adv原级+as2.表示双方不相等时,用notso/as+adj/adv原级+as结构3.表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用倍数词+as+adj/adv原级+as结构n另外还注意以下结构(1)as+形容词+a/an+单数名词+as(2)asmuch+不可数名词+as(3)asmany+复数名词+asn(2005安徽)Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfi

21、vefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteight解析：as tall as five foot eight=as tall as five feet eight inches高达五英尺八英寸。答案是B。1.Thebuildingisas tall as 100 meters.=Thebuildingis100meterstall.2.Thewellisas deep as 130meters.=Thewellis130metersdeep.3.Atyphoonsweptacrosstiffsareawithheavyrainsand

22、windsas strong as 113milesperhour.(2006上海)Ofthetwoshirts,Idliketochoose_one.(94上海)A.thelessexpensiveB.themostexpensiveC.lessexpensiveD.mostexpensive【答案】【答案】A【解析】表示两者之中较便宜的，属于比较【解析】表示两者之中较便宜的，属于比较级概念。此处比较级作定语，表特指，应加级概念。此处比较级作定语，表特指，应加定冠词。定冠词。Thisshirtistoolooseforme.Couldyoubringme_(95上海)A.asmalloneB

23、.thesmalleroneC.asmalleroneD.thesmallone.【答案】【答案】C【解析】比此件衣服大，属于比较级概念。【解析】比此件衣服大，属于比较级概念。此处表泛指，应加不定冠词。此处表泛指，应加不定冠词。比较级常见句型表示A比B更用adj/adv比较级比较级+than结构表示A不如B用less+adj/adv原级原级+than结构表示越,越用the+比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级表示表示两者表示两者“都不都不”时时,用用no+比较级比较级+than.表示两者中表示两者中“较较/更更的那一个的那一个”时时,the+比较比较级级+of the two结构结构表示事物本

24、身变得越表示事物本身变得越 来越来越,用较级用较级+and+比较级比较级错误总结错误总结1.1.1.1.比较双方必须对等比较双方必须对等比较双方必须对等比较双方必须对等Correct the mistakes:1.Marys hair is longer than my sister.2.The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.3.China is larger than any country in the world.4.Which is larger city,Tangshan or Shijiazhuang?my sister

25、sthat in that in Shanghai.Shanghai.anyany other other country in the world.country in the world.2.2.2.2.避免将主语含在比较对象中避免将主语含在比较对象中避免将主语含在比较对象中避免将主语含在比较对象中3.3.3.3.要注意冠词的使用，冠词是冠名词的。要注意冠词的使用，冠词是冠名词的。要注意冠词的使用，冠词是冠名词的。要注意冠词的使用，冠词是冠名词的。Which is the larger city,Tangshan or Shijiazhuang?Which is larger,Tangsh

26、an or Shijiazhuang?十六、形容十六、形容词、副、副词比比较级需要注需要注意的意的问题一、比较的对象不能相互包容，常见句型是：比较的对象不能相互包容，常见句型是：1）比较级+than+anyother+单数名词2）比较级+than+all(the)other+复数名词3）比较级+than+anyoneelse4）比较级+than+anyoftheother+复数名词5）比较级+than+therestof+pln./Un.1.The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai.2.The radios made in our fac

27、tory are better than those(made)in your factory.3.The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.4.China has a larger population than any other country in the world.十六、形容十六、形容词副副词比比较级应注意的注意的问题在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。-Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?-Ihaveneverseenabetterone.(tha

28、nthisfilm.)Tomscomposition,ifnotbetter(thanJacks),isatleastasgoodasJacks.这种省略现象给考生正确判断造成一定的障碍，在高考中出现的频率较高，应引起足够的重视。1.最高级常见的修饰语有：序数词，byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,notquite,nothinglike（丝毫不像；绝对不）.ThebridgebeingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRiver.Idliketobuythesecondmostexpensivecame

29、ra.2.否定+比较级=最高级Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforhisfriends.-ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?-Thankyou.Itcouldntbebetter.-你住的离这儿那么远，你搭我的车吧。-谢谢，那再好不过了。一、表示倍数的几个句型1timesas+形容词/副词原级+as2times+the+性质名词+of3times+形容词比较级+than4.the+名词+be+times+what从句5.the+名词+be+times+that/thoseof=Th

30、istableis3timesthesizeofthatone.=Thistableistwicebiggerthanthatone.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍大。Theoutputofthisyearis3timesthatOf2005.Hediditone-thirdthetimeittookme.做那件事他只花了我用的三分之一的时间。9.（2009天津，天津，12）It was a nice house,but _ too small for a family of five.A.rarely B.fairly C.rather D.pretty【解析】【答案】【解析】【答案】C 考查副词

31、辨析。考查副词辨析。rarely rarely很少；很少；fairlyfairly相当；相当；ratherrather相当；相当；prettypretty很；相当。很；相当。ratherrather可可以与比较级、以与比较级、tootoo及动词连用，而及动词连用，而fairlyfairly与与prettypretty则不则不能。能。E,g.Imquiteabletopayforthedress.Yourequitemistaken.2.fairly与rather1)不定冠词a可放在rather前或后，但只能放在fairly前。afairlygoodstoryarathercoldday/rat

32、heracoldday2)rather通常含有“不适当”之意，而fairly通常含有“适当”之意。Itsfairlywarminspring.Itsrathercoldtoday.Mybrotherisratherbettertoday.Thisbookisrathertoodifficultforthejuniorsbutrathertooeasyfortheseniors.3.very/much1)very修饰形容词或副词的原级，much修饰形容词或副词的比较级。修饰动词时要用much或verymuch。veryinterestingveryexcitingveryamusingveryi

33、nspiring3)very修饰某些已被习惯上已被用作形容词的过去分词。如：frightened,satisfied,disappointed,excited,interested,upset,delighted,pleased,surprised,troubled,worried等4)much修饰动词意义较强的过去分词时，例如：Thebikewasmuchdamagedbyacollision.自行车在相撞中严重地损坏了。5)修饰只能用作表语的形容词时，例如：Sheismuchafraidthatplanwontwork.她深怕那方案行不通。6)修饰动词时，例如：Ishouldmuchlik

34、etohaveyouropinion.我很想得到你的意见。7)修饰介词短语时，例如：Theyweremuchofasort.他们差不多是同类的。Heismuchathisease.他感到很自在。already表示某事已经发生;yet表示期待某事发生；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句。Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Hehasntfinishedhishomeworkyet.Heisstilldoinghishomeworknow.英语中有的副词兼有两种形式：一种是与形容词同形；另一种是在该形容词后面加副词词缀-ly构成。这两种形式的副词在词义上和用法上

35、有一定的差异，有的甚至完全不同。firm稳固地firmly坚固地direct径直地directly恰好，直接，坦率地free自由地、免费地freely自由自在地flat平淡地flatly直截了当地even甚至evenly平均地clean完全地、径直地cleanly清洁地clear隔开、不接触clearly清晰地，明显地close近closely紧密地、接近地easy安适地easily容易地dead突然地，完全地deadly死一般地、非常fair公平地，正直地fairly相当地hard努力地hardly几乎没有、几乎不most最mostly重要地right直接地，径直地、立即rightly公正地

36、、合理地、正确地just正好justly公正地late迟、晚lately最近near近nearly几乎pretty相当地prettily优美地sharp突然地、急剧地sharply严厉地Icleanforgottoaskher.Jackcaughttheballcleanly.Helivesclosebythevillage.Wemustlookcloselyattheproblems.Afteradayshardwork,hewasdeadtired.Thebookisdeadlydull.Heisahighlyskilledworker.Hehasbeenworkinglate.Ihave

37、ntseenhimlately.Thefilmdirectorisprettyknown.非常Weareprettilydressed.穿得很漂亮Theroadturnssharp/sharplytotheright.突然Heturnsaroundsharp/sharply.突然(1)almost可以与any,no,nobody,never,nothing搭配，但nearly却不能跟这些词搭配。在表达中也经常用hardlyany,hardlynobody来代替almostno,almostnobody.Almostnoonecametotheparty.Hardlyanybodycametot

38、heparty.Youcanfindthemeaningofalmostanywordhere.也不，相差甚远”，但没有notalmost的结构。Sheisnotnearlyasprettyashersister.（她一点儿也没有她妹妹漂亮。）（3）almost和nearly都可用于表示极端之意的形容词前，但却不能用于修饰不具有极端之意的形容词。Thatisanalmost/anearlyperfectplan.那几乎是完美之计。n1.(08全国卷I28)Youredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_?nA.moreslowlyabitnB.slowlyabitmorenC.

39、abitmoreslowly nD.slowlymorebitCn2.(08北京卷26)Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_.nA.hungryandtiredlynB.hungryandtired nC.hungrilyandtiredlynD.hungrilyandtiredBn3.(08上海春卷28)Thosewhohave_moneythansensemaysometimesactfoolishlynA.muchB.moreC.mostD.manyBn4.(08上海春卷42)Foodsafetyis_important,sot

40、hegovernmentsparesnoeffortstopreventfoodpollution.nA.highlyB.reasonablyC.stronglyD.naturallyAn5.(08上海春卷44)SomepeoplemaintainthatwatchingviolenceonTVisoneofthemajorcausesof_behaviourandcrimeinsocietynA.childishB.artificialC.aggressive D.heroicCn6.(08上海卷27)Inmyview,LondonsnotasexpensiveinpriceasTokyob

41、utTokyo_intraffic.nA.themostorganizednB.moreorganizednC.soorganizedasnD.asorganizedasBn9.(08天津卷02)Mybrotherisreally_.Heoftenworksinhisofficefarintothenight.nA.open-mindednB.hard-working nC.self-confidentnD.warm-heartedBn10.(08辽宁卷30)Itlooksliketheweatherischangingfor_.Shallwesticktoourplan?nA.thewors

42、eB.worsenC.theworstD.worstAn11.(08山东卷33)Woulditbe_foryoutopickmeupatfouroclockandtakemetotheairport?nA.freeB.vacantnC.handyD.convenientD12.(08江苏卷30)Itis_tospendmoneyonpreventingillnessesbypromotinghealthylivingratherthanspendingittryingtomakepeople_aftertheyareill.A.good;goodB.well;betterC.better;be

43、tter D.better;goodCn14.(08江西卷33)Jackislateagain.Itis_ofhimtokeepotherswaiting.nA.normalB.ordinaryC.commonD.typicalDn15.(08安徽卷27)-Hi,Mark.Howwasthemusicalevening?n-Excellent!AlesandAndyperformed_andtheywonthefirsprize.nA.skillfully B.commonlyC.willinglyD.nervouslyAn17.(08浙江卷03)Ilikethisjacketbetterth

44、anthatone,butitcostsalmostthreetimes_.nA.asmuch B.asmanyC.somuchD.somanyAn19.(08浙江卷12)Thereareplentyofjobs_inthewesternpartofthecountry.nA.presentB.availableC.preciousD.convenientBn20.(08浙江卷18)Runningacompanyisnot_amatterofhiringpeopletheyalsoneedtobetrained.nA.simplyB.partlynC.seriouslyD.equallyAn(

45、08湖南卷25)LastnightMr.Crookdidntcomebackattheusualtime._,hemetsomefriendsandStayedoutuntilmidnight.nA.MeanwhileB.HowevernC.InsteadD.YetCn(08湖北卷28)Inthosedays,our_concernwastoprovidepeoplewhowerestoppedbythesnowstormwithfoodandhealthcare.nA.normalB.constantnC.permanentD.primaryDn(08湖北卷29)Asheworksinare

46、motearea,hevisitshisparentsonly_.nA.occasionallyB.anxiously C.practicallyD.urgentlyAn(08陕西卷12)Hedoesnthave_furnitureinhisroomn-justanolddesk.nA.anyB.manynC.someD.muchDn(08陕西卷16)Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewas_thatoftheirs.nA.astwicelargeasnB.twiceaslargeasnC.twiceasmuchasnD.astwicemuchasBn(0

47、8四川卷03)Althoughbadlyhurtintheaccident,thedriverwas_abletomakeaphonecall.nA.still B.evennC.alsoD.everA(08福建卷26)Inspiteofrepeatedwrongsdonetohim,helooks_topeoplegreetinghim.A.friendlyB.livelyC.worriedD.coldA1.Howmuch_shelookedwithoutherglasses!(全国I,23)A.wellB.goodC.bestD.better2.Imsurethatyourletterwi

48、llget_attention.Theyknowyourewaitingforthereply.(全国II,11)A.continuedB.immediateC.carefulD.generalDBA.rarelyB.fairlyC.ratherD.pretty4.Asthereislessandlesscoalandoil,scientistsareexploringnewwaysofmakinguseof_energy,suchassunlight,windandwaterforpowerandfuel.(湖北，27)A.primaryB.alternativeC.instantD.uni

49、queCBA.seldomB.everC.neverD.always6.-Doyouthinkitsagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?-_,Ido.Ithinkitsagreatidea.(09安徽，24)A.ReallyB.ObviouslyC.ActuallyD.GenerallyCc8.Itseemsthatlivinggreenis_easyAndaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.(09福建，30)A.exactlyB.fortunatelyC.surprisinglyD.hardlyC(10.

50、PtersjacketlookedjustthesameasJacks,butitcost_his.(辽宁，33)A.asmuchtwiceasB.twiceasmuchasC.muchastwiceasD.astwicemuchasB12.Myuncleshouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours,butitistwice_expensive.(09四川，19)A.asB.soC.tooD.veryA14.TheGreatWallis_touristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.A.so