2023年精品高考易考知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳超详细知识超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳237.pdf

《2023年精品高考易考知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳超详细知识超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳237.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年精品高考易考知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳超详细知识超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳237.pdf（11页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、顺知识点：英语高考单选1 单项选择题向英语应用的方向发展，体现了英语的交际功能。2 考查重点:从词法上看，动词(动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、词语辨析和情态动词)、代词、形容词和副词、名词和代词是考试重点，动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和情态动词是重中之重；从句法上看，连词和从句是考查的重点。3 动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时，现在完成时、现在完成进行时以及它们之间的混合。被动语态中也涉及到时态问题。关于非谓语动词，考生一定要确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分（分词和动名词、不定式的区别），同时注意：非谓语动词和谓语动词一样，也存在时态和语态的问题。4 从句一

2、定要分清类型，定语从句一定有先行词，区别于名词性从句。但同位语从句同样有先行词，是从对内容进行说明而非修饰，常用 that 引导，that 在从句中不作主语或宾语。状语从句注意主将从现和虚拟。5 注意固定用法和搭配，特别是小动词和介词的搭配。语法知识易错点名词1.常考不可数名词:advice,baggage,equipment,information,luggage,furniture,fun,weather,knowledge,jewelry,progress2 可数不可数均可，意思不同。experience;room;exercise 3 只能修饰可数名词的有：few,a few,many

3、,a great/good many,a large number of4 只能修饰不可数名词的有：:little,a little,much,a large amount of,a great/good deal of5 可数不可数都可修饰的有：a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,large quantities of,6 只有复数形式的名词有:trousers,clothes,socks,shorts,goods,thanks,congratulations,belongings7 复合名词的复数形式:girl friends,bo

4、y students,women teachers,men workers,passers-by,go-betweens,grown-ups8 名词做主语，谓语动词用复数:police,cattle,clothes,goods9 名词所有格:Toms living room,teachers office,teachers room,a friend of mine,John and Mary school,Johns and Marys schools;the city of Beijing,at the age of 20,the experience of the old,the str

5、uggle of the poor冠词1 必须加 the:1)特指某（些）人或某（些）物；I have a pen.The pen is lost.2)谈话双方所共知的共指的物体；Look at the blackboard.3)序数词，形容词最高级前；She is the best student in my class.4)世界上独一无二的物体；The earth moves around the sun.5)表方位的名词前；The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.6)形容词前表一类人；The rich are not always h

6、appy.7)乐器 He is playing the piano now.8)山脉、河流、海洋、群岛；China is on the east of the Pacific Ocean.9)same,only,very 前；Its the very book Im looking for.10)by the+计量单位；by the dozen,by the day,by the pound。The workers are paid by the hour.2 不用冠词:1)表泛指的名词前：Do you like music?2)三餐前：have breakfast,lunch,supper,

7、dinner3)棋类、球类运动前；Almost all the boys in my class love playing football.4)表官衔、职位的名词前；He was made monitor of the class.5)Child as he is中的 child名词前。Student as he is,he never obeys the teacher.代词The population of Shanghai is much larger than that of Tianjin.Trees are planted on all sides of the square.W

8、hen would you like to come over to my house,Saturday or Sunday?Either day is OK with me.Suppose there are 50 students.Some students(20)are playing football on the playground.Others(20)are doing their homework in the classroom.The other students(30)are playing football on the playground.The others(30

9、)are playing football on the playground.-How many students are there in the classroom?-None.-How much money do you have?-None.-Is there anybody in the classroom?-Nobody.-Is there anything in the room?-Nothing.-Would you please lend me some ink?-Sorry,but I have none left myself.I want neither of the

10、 two books.I want none of the three books.-What do you want?-Nothing.-Of the three things,which do you want?-None.I myself thinkDont upset yourself.make oneself heard/understood；between ourselves；In itself;be not quite himself;for oneself;of oneself 动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过

11、去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介This ruler is twice/three times longer than that one.This ruler is twice/three times as long as that one.This ruler is twice/three times the length of that one.形容词只能做定语的形容词有：live,main,chief;只能做表语的形

12、容词有：alone,alike,awake,asleep,lit,content多个形容词修饰名词:a beautiful little round red Chinese wooden public reading room修饰形容词比较级：much,rather,even,still,far,any,no,a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal能修饰形容词最高级的有：by far,verythe smaller of the two This island is the larger of the two.not more beautiful than,no m

13、ore beautiful than 不同类型的比较只能用 more he is more fat than smart.介词（重点动词搭配）agree with,belong to,care for,be known for;angry with,answer to,key to,cause of,think for 时态1 一般现在时1)表时刻表的情况下，一般现在代替将来时态用；2)主将从现符合的原则是：if 条件句，时间状语从句，方式状语从句和让步状语从句。If he comes,Ill let you know.He will be happy when I tell him.Next

14、 time Ill do as you say.Even if it rains tomorrow,the sports meet will take place.3)be to do 表有责任、有义务做某事2 现在进行时1)和 always,constantly,forever,continually连用表示说话人的感情色彩，责备，埋怨等；He is always thinking of others.2)强调情况的暂时性；He is walking to school because his bike is being repaired.3)强调一时的表现；He is being sill

15、y.4)表将来。Im going shopping this afternoon.3 一般将来时1)表倾向，习惯性动作。意为会，不能，没法；The medicine wont help.2)表推测 The man in the middle will be visiting president.3)表容量 The hall will seat 500 people.动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从

16、句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介4 一般过去时1)说没有想到是指过去没有想到。I didnt expect you were here.I didnt think you would come.2)刚刚结束的动作。I am sorry.I didnt listen carefully.5 现在完成时1)过去动作对现在的影响和结果；Ive already finished my homework,so I can leave now.2)过去开始持续到现在；Great changes have taken place in China in the pa

17、st five years.3)曾经经历过的事情；加次数。Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?6 过去完成时1)和一般过去时对应存在的，没有一般过去时，就不存在过去完成时。2)用在 no soonerthan,scarcelywhen,hardlywhen,had intended,had hoped,had planned等短语中。7 that 从句用完成时1)It/This/That is the first/second/last time thatThis is the first time that I have been in Beiji

18、ng.2)It/This/That is the onlythatThat is the only book that I have really enjoyed in my life.3)It/This/That is the+最高级that It is one of the most interesting book that I have ever read.8 一般不用进行时的词没有延续性的词（accept,decide,want），know,think,agree,mean,love,like,cost,exist,hate,dislike,fear,系动词。被动语态1 主动表被动的

19、适用范围。1)表衡量的动词。The room measures 5 by 6.2)sell,write,wash,read,wear,keep,drink 等表状态.The pen writes well.3)在动词不定式中主语发出的动作。I have a lot of work to do.4)动词不定式前面的词为形容词时。The question is easy to answer.5)在 need,want,require,be worth 后面 doing 主动表被动。The bike wants repairing.The bike wants to be repaired.2 没有

20、被动语态。1)系动词；He looks well today.2)不及物动词；The sun rises in the east.动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介3)固定词或短语中。happen,take place,go up,break out,come about,add up to,belong to。The boo

21、k belonging to me is missing.情态动词1can,could1)表示体力、眼力方面的能力，能做某种动作的能力 I can ride a bike.2)在口语中，can 可代替 may表示许可Can I use your dictionary?3)在疑问句中表示怀疑 Can it be true?4)在否定句中，表示判断或推断 You cant be hungry so soon.Youve just had lunch.2 may,might1)允许(正式或比较客气的场合)You may use my car.2)可能：用在陈述句中 It might be right

22、.3)表示判断：不太肯定 He might be sleeping now.4)表祝愿 May you succeed!5)may/might as well 不妨 You may as well tell me the truth.3 must1)必须 You must do it at once.2)不许、禁止（否定）-Must I leave now?-No,you neednt/you dont have to.3)作判断（肯定的判断）The light is on.He must be in the office.4 shall1)用于二、三人称表允许、命令、警告。You shall

23、 leave the door or Ill call the police.2)征求对方意见或向对方请示（用于一、三人称）。Shall I open the window?3)竟然 The dog should understand German.5 should1)应该（责任/义务，任何人称）。You should study English hard.2)预测（对将要发生的进行预测）可能、该。The boss should be here at any moment.6 will1)愿意、意愿、意志、决心（用于各人称）。If you will wait,Ill come back.2)w

24、ill=probably 表一种猜想。You will remember the story I told you last time.3)征求意见，用于第二人称。Will you give me a piece of paper?4)否定表可否。Wont you take off your cap?5)表某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water.7 would 1)意愿 Would you please do me a favor?动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充

25、当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介2)Id/should/would like to=want to Id like to see Mr.Smith.3)表过去习惯动作（表过去习惯的动作，现在如何不知道）。When we were children,we would go swimming every summer.4)一种揣测。That would be his mother.8 need,dare1)作实义动词，要+to（尤其 need）I nee

26、d to go now.2)在否定、疑问、条件句中，可作情态动词用。She doesnt need to go.9 几个情态动词+have done,表虚拟ought to have done;should have done could have done neednt have done10 情态动词表推测(情态动词+do,be doing;情态动词+have done)1)一定用 must；You look pale.You must be ill.2)可能用 may,might,could;He may be ill.Thats why he didnt come.3)一定不能或疑问句

27、中用 can,could.He cant be having dinner now11 情态动词表推测反意疑问句 还原成原来的时态，再反问。It must have rained last night,didnt it?He must have waited for you for a long time,hasnt he?He must be waiting for you outside,isnt he?反意疑问句1 Let us,will you?Lets,shall we?祈使句的反意疑问句用 will you。2 宾语从句反意疑问句原则上反主句，但是如果主语是 I，则反从句。He s

28、aid you were a good student,didnt he?I think you are right,arent you?3 带有否定前后缀的句子还是肯定句；带有否定副词的句子在句中是否定句。如：He dislikes you,doesnt he?He never likes you,does he?分词1 现在分词1）doing 表主动，表进行；The boiling water hurts me badly.2）having done 表主动，表完成；Having washed his feet,he went to bed.2 过去分词1）done 表被动，表完成。The

29、 question discussed yesterday was raised by me.2）being done 表被动，表进行；The question being discussed now was raised by me.3）having been done 表被动，表完成。Having been washed,his feet are clean now.3 分词的独立成分 compared to,compared with,judging from,judging by,considering,generally speaking,according to,动词是重中之重从句

30、法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介4 分词不做主语和宾语，区别与动名词。动词不定式1 to do 表目的，表将来；To study English well,he planed to pursue his study overseas.2 to be doing 表进行 He pretended to be listening attentiv

31、ely.3 to be done 表目的，表被动；The room is to be cleaned tomorrow.4 to have done 表过去，表完成；Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.5 to have been done 表完成，表被动；The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital.6 to have been doing 表示某一动作从过去延续到现在还要延续到将来 She is said to have been working on this problem for

32、many hours.7 动词不定式注意1)teach,know,learn 后接 how+to do.I dont know how to do it.2)有 do 无 to.I can do nothing but sleep.3)why not do,why dont you do4)否定式 not to do5)不定式复合结构 its adj forof sb to do sth6)作独立成份：To tell you the truth,To cut/make a long story short,7)为避免重复，口语中常可省去与前边动词重复的动词原形，但是 to 要留下。-Would

33、 you like to go to the films with me?-Id like to.8)两个或两个以上的不定式并列在一起时，第一个不定式带 to，后面的不定式往往省去to。I wish to finish my task and(to)get away.但表对照，不能省 to.It is better to laugh than to cry.9)It is for you to decide.10)He is said to have been rich.动名词1 主语 Fighting broke out between the south and the north.2 宾

34、语 He gave up teaching two years ago.3 表语 Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.4 定语 Its a good hiding place.5 动名词的复合结构。原则上用 ones doing,sbs doing。His coming in without being asked made me angry.无生命的物体，有生命的物体，如果是泛指，或两个以上，直接+doing。Do you still remember my mother and me coming to s

35、ee you?动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介6 下列动词或词组后直接加 doing。mind,finish,appreciate,admit,advise,avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,excuse,imagine,escape,include,keep,practice,miss,risk,s

36、tand,deny,suggest,give up,put off,cant help,insist on,devote to,fancy。7 to do 和 doing 做主语的区别。doing 表抽象和泛指的动作。to do 表具体的一次性行为。状语从句1 时间状语从句when,whenever,as,while,before,after,as soon as,till,until,ever since,immediately,once,the moment,the second,the instant,directly.I will tell him the news immediate

37、ly he comes.2 地点状语从句where,wherever。Where there is water,there is life.3 原因状语从句because,as,since,now that,for4 目的状语从句so that,in order that,for fear that,in caseHe explained again and again for fear that she should misunderstand him.5 结果状语从句so that,sothat,suchthatI got up early,so that I caught the bus

38、.Therere so many people that I cannot move.6 条件状语从句if,unless,as long as,so long as,in case7 比较状语从句asas,not so/asas,than8 让步状语从句though,although,as,even if,even though,whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however,no matter who(what,which,when,where,how),whether.Young/Child though/as he is,he k

39、nows a lot.Dont believe whatever he says.主语从句1 主语从句做主语，谓语动词单数。Whoever found it should return it to the owner.2 主语从句中的连词that 不可省。3 如果主语从句比较长，用it 做形式主语。It makes her sad that her hair turns gray.同位语从句名词有 fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,thought,question,order,problem,belief,doubt,fear 等。连词有 that,wh

40、ether,并且 that 不可省。定语从句1 只能用 that。动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介有序数词或最高级修饰；先行词为不定代词；先行词由不定代词修饰；先行词有 the only,the very,the last 修饰；先行词既有人又有物。2 只能用 which.1)介词后面；2)，后面。3 N+关系词=what4

41、 定语从句的谓语动词和先行词一致。He is one of the students who have passed the test.He is the only one of the students who has passed the test.5 非限制性定语从句as 放句首，which 放句中。6 重点考察关系副词 when,where,why主谓一致1 A teacher and writer is waiting for you outside.2 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to educatio

42、n.(类似的还有:each boy and each girl,no boy and no girl,many a boy and many a girl)3 as well as,no less than,rather than,more than,but,except,besides,with,along with,together with,like,including,in addition to 看前面的主语。4 成双的名词前有a pair of 来修饰，谓语动词用单数。否则用复数。5%，分数，half,the rest 后面的谓语动词符合就近一致原则。10%of the stude

43、nts are hard-working.6 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语做主语时，单数。7 加、减、乘、除运算做主语，单数。8 集合名词如：family,team,crowd,class,audience,population,class等做主语，指整体，单数；指整体中的每个人,复数。9 one and a half 后接复数名词，但是谓语动词用单数。One and a half oranges is on the table.10 就近一致 there be,eitheror,or,neithernor,whetheror,not onlybut also,notbut11

44、.用单数：a horse and carriage,fish and chips,coffee and milk,a fork and knife,a cup and saucer,a collar and tie;全部倒装1 介词短语表方位提前，in front of,in the distance。In front of the lake lies a house.2 做状语的副词置于句首，如：in,out,down,up,back,over,away,off,here,there,now,then等。但是主语为人称代词时不倒装。Here comes the bus.Here he com

45、es.动词是重中之重从句法上看连词和从句是考查的重点动词时态考查比较多的是一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去确认非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分分词和动名词不定式的区别同时注意非谓语动词和谓语动词一样也存在时态和进行说明而非修饰常用引导在从句中不作语或宾语状语从句注意将从现和虚拟注意固定用法和搭配特别是小动词和介部分倒装1 否定词放在句首。neither,nor,never,hardly,scarcely,not only,seldom,little,rarely,nowhere,by no means,not until。Not until midnight did he come back.

46、2 频率状语放在句首。often,always,once,many a time,now and again,every other day,every two days。Often did he talk about it.3 方式状语放在句首。thus,so.I was late for school and so was he.4 only+状语放在句首。Only in this way can you learn English well.Only you can do it.虚拟1 if 虚拟If I were you,I would go there alone.对现在的虚拟If

47、he had studied hard,he would have passed the exam.对过去的虚拟If I should do/were to do/did it,I would do it in a different way.对将来的虚拟If I had finished my homework,I wouldnt be so busy now.错层2 主语从句的虚拟。1)It is+adj.+that sb.(should)do（necessary,important,strange,natural）Its important that he take my advice.

48、2)It is+n.+that sb.(should)do（a pity,a shame,no wonder,ones wish）Its a pity that he be so silly.3)It is+done+that sb.(should)do（suggested,advised,demanded,requested,required,asked,ordered,proposed,decided,desired,insisted）Its requested that she go home as soon as possible.3 宾语从句的虚拟。1)表命令，表建议，表要求的动词，

49、后接宾语从句虚拟。虚拟的构成为(should)do。（order,command,insist,request,require,demand,ask,advise,suggest,propose）2)wish 后接从句，往过去推一个时态。I wish I were you.4 其他几组词或短语。1)as if,as though。He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.2)otherwise,but,even though。He was ill.Otherwise he would have been there.3)with,with

50、out,but for。Without your help,I would have died two years ago.But for your help,I would have died two years ago.4)would rather。Id rather you told me yourself.5)Its time that。Its time that you went to bed.Its time that you should go to bed.6)for fear that,in case。Take an umbrella in case that it shou