人教版英语必修第三册同步练习UNIT 3　Section Ⅳ.docx

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1、UNIT 3 Section IV1 .阅读理解When Barcelonas citizens emerged from a six-week lockdown at the end of April last year, they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness. The parks were shut, so no gardening was carried out, “ says M

2、argarita Pares, who heads the citys biodiversity programme. It was spring and it rained a lot more than usual. The result was an explosion in plant growth. And there were many more butterflies, as they are a species that reacts very quickly to changes in the environment.”Once the gardeners went back

3、 to work, the question was whether to return everything to its neat and tidy state, or let nature take its course? The answer is neither. Pares says the council spent the previous two years working on plans to “naturalise or rewild“ the city-and was about to announce this change of policy when the p

4、andemic struck. By the time the lockdown ended, it was a lot easier to sell rewilding to the public desiring fresh air and open space. When it comes to embracing nature in its cities, Spain falls behind many countries. But it is hoped that Barcelonas new policy will go some way to correcting that.“I

5、n a city like Barcelona, its a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure（基石出 建设）， says Lorena Escuer who has worked in Barcelona on a pilot scheme called Alcorques Vivos, which plants wildflowers at the base of trees in the streets rather than surrounding them with pavement. Its not ha

6、ving a park surrounded by asphalt（沥青）but introducing nature into the city, “ she says. People need re-educating. Their idea of a clean space is where theres no life and the ecosystem is dead. Theres this idea that nature is something outside and that whats natural for the city is for there to be not

7、hing.”“Rewilding has made us look at how we live and how we want to live. Theres no going back from here. The lockdown gave us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us, “ says Margarita Pares.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。春天的“封城”让巴塞罗那的街道和公园变成了一片充 满野趣的田园，并激发了人们对城市与大自然关系的重新构想。1. What happened to Barcelona

8、after a six-week lockdown last year? A以帮助你了解整个文化。 8 may help you understand 9 whole culture是一个非限制性 定语从句，修饰先行词questions,关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定 语从句，用which引导该从句。故填which。9 .考查冠词。句意：同时，最好问一些适当的问题来了解别人的个人经历，这可以帮 助你了解整个文化。whole通常和the连用，构成the whole表示整个。故填the。10 .考查连词。句意：最重要的是，如果/当出现问题，告诉你的老师、父母甚至警察。 表示

9、“如果出现问题“，用if引导条件状语从句；或表示“当出现问题时“，用when引导 时间状语从句。故填if/when。V.应用文写作假定你叫李华，是一名导游，你将带领一个外国旅游团游览广东省的省会广州。请你用 英语写一篇发言稿简单介绍广州。要点如下：注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；概况位于中国南部；广东省的省会；全市面积超过7 434平方千米；人口 1 500多万历史拥有2 000多年历史的文化名城，古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口城市气候珠江从市中心穿过，温暖湿润旅游风光旖旎，旅游资源丰富参考词汇：海上丝绸之路the Maritime Silk Road；珠江the Pe

10、arl River；从中心穿过 wind the way through.参考范文：Ladies and Gentlemen,Welcome to Guangzhou. Tm Li Hua. And Im more than glad to be your guide.Located in the south of China, Guangzhou is one of the central cities of China. Serving as the capital city of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou covers an area of over 7

11、, 434 square kilometers and has a population of more than fifteen million. Besides, it is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2, 000 years, which is known as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road. As for its climate, with the Pearl River winding its way through the city,

12、 Guangzhou enjoys a warm and wet climate. Last but not least, well known for its beautiful scenery, Guangzhou is also rich in tourist sights.In a word, Guangzhou is really a great and attractive city. Wish you have a good time and enjoy yourself.A. The environment became wild.B. Plants stopped growi

13、ng.C. Gardening was abolished.D. Fewer butterflies emerged.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness. （他们发现， 虽然这 座城市一直处于闲置状态，但大自然一直在忙于将街道和公园改造成一片荒野。）可知，在 去年6周的封锁期间巴塞罗那的环境变成了荒野。故选A。2. What does the und

14、erlined phrase new policy in paragraph 2 refer to? CA. Returning Barcelona to neatness and tidiness.B. Filling open space with fitness facilities.C. Naturalising or “rewilding Barcelona.D. Developing economy to shake off backwardness.解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 u Pares says the council spent the previous two y

15、ears working on plans to naturalise or rewild the city-and was about to announce this change of policy when the pandemic struck. （帕里斯说，该委员会在过去的两年里一直在制定计划，将 这座城市“自然化”或“再野化”委员会正准备宣布这一政策变化时，疫情爆发了。） 可知，过去两年巴塞罗那一直在研究让城市“自然化”或“再野化”的政策，因为疫情搁置。 由此可知划线词指的新政策就是上文提到的naturalise or rewild the city。故选C。3. Which o

16、f the following will Lorena Escuer probably support? BA. Surrounding trees with pavement.B - Promoting green infrastructure.C. Building park roads with asphalt.D. Keeping the city empty and clean.解析：细节理解题解艮据第三段中的In a city like Barcelona, its a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure（

17、基础建设），飞ays Lorena Escuer”（“在巴塞罗那这样的城市， 这是一个用绿色基础设施取代现有基础设施的案例”，Lorena Escuer说）可知，Lorena Escuer 支持用绿色基础设施替换现有的基础设施。故选B。4. What is Margarita Paress attitude to rewilding？DA. Doubtful.B. Intolerant.C. Unclear.D. Favorable.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Margarita Pares说的话“Theres no going back from here.The lockdown gav

18、e us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us”（从这里没有 回头路。 封 锁让我们得以一窥这座城市的自然风光，这让我们感到惊讶）推知，Margarita Pares对再野化 的态度是支持的。故选D。II.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。People of all ages and nationalities are opening Twitter, Facebook, and Linkedln accounts to connect with friends, cele

19、brities, and those who share similar interests as them. 1. B Small businesses and corporations are also using it to develop closer relationships with their fans and attract new customers.2. E For starters, it can be an effective way to conduct market research. In the past, companies often spent mill

20、ions on studies to determine what their customers wanted. However, they often had difficulties locating people who were interested in their products or services. Nowadays social media has simplified this process as many customers will follow or like the companies they purchase products from. Further

21、more, online advertising campaigns through social media allow companies to specifically target people who like similar products as the ones they are selling.3. F It allows fans and customers to leave comments about companies, their products, or their services. In turn, these companies can evaluate t

22、his feedback and respond in a way that shows they truly care.However, companies shouldn9t jump into social media without a carefully-planned strategy, as this can cause more harm than good. A common mistake is putting new hires or outside consultants in charge of social media accounts. 4. D Another

23、mistake is using conservative, corporate language in posts and updates. On social media, people are looking for personalities they can connect with, so companies shouldnt shy away from using humor or being colorful. Finally, social media accounts should always provide value and other share-worthy co

24、ntent to fans, for that is the primary reason they became followers. 5. GA. Social media has swept across the globe.B. Social media isnt just for individuals, though.C. One company called Zippos does this extremely well.D. The person controlling these accounts must be knowledgeable.E. There are many

25、 ways that organizations can benefit from social media.F. Social media also gives companies greater control over their brand image.G. Only by following these tips, organizations can take their businesses to the next level.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述小企业和公司如何通过Twitter, Facebook 和Linkedln这些社交媒体与粉丝建立更密切的关系，吸引新

26、客户。解析：1. . 根据后文“Small businesses and corporations are also using it to develop closer relationships with their fans and attract new customers.（小企业和公司也在利用它与粉丝建立 更密切的关系，吸引新客户。）可知，这些社交媒体不仅仅是对个人开放，而且也为小企业 和公司服务。B项“然而，社交媒体并不仅仅针对个人。”符合句意。故选B。2. 此处是段落首句。根据下文 “For starters, it can be an effective way to con

27、duct market research. （首先，这可能是进行市场研究的有效方式。）以及uFurthermore, online advertising campaigns through social media allow companies to specifically target people who like similar products as the ones they are selling. （此外，通过社交媒体开展的在线广告活动允许公司专 门针对那些喜欢与他们销售的产品类似的产品的人。）可知，本段介绍了公司利用社交媒体 所获得的好处。E项”公司可以通过多种方式从社交

28、媒体中受益。”适合做段首句。故选E。3. 根据空后 “It allows fans and customers to leave comments about companies, their products, or their services. （它允许粉丝和客户对公司、产品或服务发表评论。）可知,它会 让顾客对公司，产品或服务进行评价，因而前文中需告诉读者代词it指的是社交媒体以及 社交媒体对企业的影响。F项“社交媒体也让企业对其品牌形象有了更大的控制。”符合语 境。故选F。4. 根据上文“A common mistake is putting new hires or outside

29、 consultants in charge of social media accounts. （一个常见的错误是让新员工或外部顾问负责社交媒体账户。）可知， 让新员工或外部顾问负责社交媒体账户是错误的，所以要说明他们不能很好的处理问题。D 项“控制这些账户的人必须知识渊博。”符合语境，说明学识渊博的人正好弥补了新员工所 带来的不足，符合语境。故选D。5. 根据段首句 uHowever, companies shouldnt jump into social media without a carefully-planned strategy, as this can cause more

30、harm than good. （然而，如果没有精心策划 的策略，公司不应该跳进社交媒体，因为这可能弊大于利。）可知，这段主要围绕怎样精心 策划一些策略，才能让公司在社交媒体上受益。空处为段落总结句，G项中的“these tips”和 前面的“a carefully-planned strategy相呼应，而且总结了只有遵循这些技巧，组织才能将 其业务提升到一个新的水平。故选G。III.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。When the 28-year-old farmer Ureta met 17-year-old Graciela i

31、n his hometown Pampa, they fell in love. Two years later, they 1. B and settled down （定居）on the farm where Ureta hadbeen brought up.Graciela had many big 2. D for the farm in her mind. One day when she was on a 3. B over Pampa, Graciela suddenly 4. A that another farm looked like a milking pail （桶）.

32、 Graciela thought her family could create something even more 5. C on their own farma huge forest 6. D like her favorite musical instrumentthe guitar.But Ureta didnt take his wifes 7. C seriously, saying, WeH talk about it later. 9,Later8. B came. In 1977, Graciela died suddenly of brain cancer at t

33、he 9. A age of 25 while carrying their fifth child. After his wifes death, Mr. Ureta 10, D not satisfying her wish. A few years later, Ureta decided that the best way to honor his wife would be to IL C the big work of art.After the local government 12. D to help with the project, Ureta and his child

34、ren took it on their own. One by one, they 13. A about 7, 000 trees into the “shape of a guitar”. It took a few seasons for the trees to take roots（生根），but Uretas 14. B paid off.Watching the forest grow over the years gave Gracielas children 15. B , It was the closest thing possible to having my mot

35、her alive, “ Maria Julia, Uretas second daughter, said.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了 Ureta在妻子Graciela死后，为了实现妻子 生前的愿望，种植了 7 000棵树并塑造成一个吉他的形状，以此来纪念妻子，森林也给了孩 子们安慰。1. A. got preparedB. got marriedC. became well-knownD. became stressed解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：两年后，他们结婚了，在Ureta长大的农场里定居下 来。A. got prepared 准备好；B. got married 结婚

36、；C. became well-known 变得出名；D. becamestressed变得紧张。结合上文they fell in love可知他们相爱两年后结婚了。故选B。2. A. testsB. tasksC. reasonsD. plans解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Graciela心中有许多关于农场的宏伟计划。A. tests 测试；B. tasks 任务；C. reasons 理由；D. plans 计划。结合下文“for the farm in her mind” 可知Graciela心中有许多关于农场的计划。故选D。3. A. trainB. flightC. cloudD.

37、 bridge解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:一天，当Graciela乘飞机飞越Pampa时，她突然注 意到另一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶。A. train火车；B. flight航班；C.cloud云；D. bridge 桥梁。根据下文“that another farm looked like a milking pail”可推知是在空中看到一个农场看 起来像一个挤奶桶，可推测是在乘飞机的时候。故选B。4. A. noticedB. rememberedC. recognizedD. expected解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当Graciela乘飞机飞越Pampa时，她突然注 意到另

38、一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶。A. noticed注意到；B. remembered记住；C. recognized 辨认；D. expected 期待。根据下文“that another farm looked like a milking pail”可知她注意至U 一个农场的形状看起来像一样挤奶桶。故选A。5. A. expensiveB. funnyC. attractiveD. important解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Graciela认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出 更有吸引力的东西片巨大的森林，形状就像她最喜欢的乐器一一吉他。A. expensive昂贵的；B. funn

39、y有趣的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D.important重要的。结合下文“like her favorite musical instrument-the guitar”可知她认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出 更有吸引力的东西，形状就像一个吉他。故选C。6. A. treatedB. describedC. consideredD. shaped解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Graciela认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更 有吸引力的东西一片巨大的森林，形状就像她最喜欢的乐器吉他。A. treated对待；B. described 描述；C. considered 考虑

40、;D. shaped 成形。结合下文 like her favorite musical instrument-the guitar”可知是形状像喜欢的乐器吉他。故选D。7. A. styleB. personalityC. ideaD. adventure解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事，他说：“我 们以后再谈吧。A. style 风格；B. personality 个性；C. idea 想法；D. adventure 冒险。 结合下文“Well talk about it later.可知Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事。故选C。8. A. har

41、dlyB. neverC. stillD. always解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:后来再也没来。A. hardly几乎不；B. never从不； C. still 仍然；D. always 总是。根据下文“In 1977, Graciela died suddenly of brain cancer, 可知Ureta说的“以后再谈”因为Graciela的去世再也没有来到。故选B。9. A. youngB. oldC. commonD. special解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1977年，25岁的Graciela在怀第五个孩子时突然 死于脑癌。A. young年轻的；B. old老的；

42、C. common共同的；D. special特别的。根据 下文age of 25可知Graciela死时只有25岁，是一个年轻的岁数。故选A。10. A. keptB. suggestedC. enjoyedD. regretted解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：妻子死后，Ureta先生后悔没有满足她的愿望。A. kept 保持；B. suggested 建议；C. enjoyed 享受；D. regretted 后悔。结合后文“not satisfying her wish”可知Ureta先生后悔没有满足妻子的愿望。故选D。11. A. copyB. paintC. createD. cha

43、nge解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，Ureta决定，纪念他妻子的最好方式就是创 作这件伟大的艺术品。A. copy复制；B. paint绘画；C. create创造；D. change改变。结 合后文Ureta为了纪念妻子，于是实现了当初妻子的愿望创造出了 “吉他形状”。故选C。12. A. promisedB. decidedC. volunteeredD. refused解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地政府拒绝支助这个项目后，Ureta和他的孩子 们自己承担了这个项目。A. promised承诺；B. decided决定；C.volunteered志愿；D.refused 拒绝

44、。结合后文“Ureta and his children took it on their own.”可知政府拒绝支助这个项目。故 选D。13. A. plantedB. carriedC. putD. collected解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一个接一个地种下了大约7, 000棵树，做成“吉 他形状“。A. planted种植；B. carried搬运；C. put放置；D. collected收集。结合后文 uabout 7, 000 treesw可知是种植了大约7, 000棵树。故选A。14. A. small dreamB. hard workC. big successD.

45、 private money解析：考查名词短语辨析。句意：这些树花了几个季节才生根，但Ureta的努力得到了 回报。A. small dream 小梦想；B. hard work 努力工作；C. big success 巨大成功；D. private money 私人资金。结合上文 uabout 7, 000 trees into the shape of a guitar It took a few seasons for the trees to take roots, but”可知Ureta为此付出了巨大的努力，他的努力最终也得到了回 报。故选B。15. A. pleasureB. co

46、mfortC. supportD. care解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着森林年复一年地生长，Graciela的孩子们得到了 安慰。A. pleasure 快乐；B. comfort 安慰；C. support 支持；D. care 关心。结合后文 “It was the closest thing possible to having my mother alive, , Maria Julia, Uretas second daughter, said. v可知森林使得Graciela孩子们也得到了安慰。故选B。IV.语法填空阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

47、式。Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practicing their language skills and learning1. about/from different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much 2. easiei (easy) and such relationship is called key pals. However, you should take care when 3. finding (f

48、ind) friends on the Internet.First, look for reviews of your chosen sites 4. to learn (learn) more about other students experiences. Dont join service until you have done your research. Then, youd better use a nickname, rather than your real name to protect 5. yourself (you), and never give personal6. information (inform) to anyone, your home address, phone number and birthday included. Whats more , you should stop contact with others if you feel 7. uncomfortable (comfort) with the topics of conversation. Mean