英语翻译--汉译英3.汉英词义选择汇编课件.ppt

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1、“head”和“头”1.He was badly wounded in the head.(头部)2.You should use your head a bit.（头脑）3.I have no head for music.（天资）4.The dinner cost us five dollars a head.（每人）5.Prick with the head of a needle.（针尖）6.Present at the meeting were the heads of government of the four countries.（首脑）7.He stood at the he

2、ad of the staircase.（顶端）8.Heads or tails?(正面)搪吨芍猛狱潭滁咬备硷禁镀统隆嗣则大洪踢比勇腔咆早重贸佃焰歌惺聪弦英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择1.这娃娃头真大。The baby has got a big head.2.她正在梳头。She was combing her hair.3.他的女儿在山头上玩。His daughter is playing on the top of the hill.4.一辆小车停在桥西头。A car was parked at the west end of the bridge.5.让

3、我从头讲起吧。Let me tell the story from the very beginning.6.事情不能只顾一头。We mustn t pay attention to only one aspect of the matter.7.这是我头一次来梅州。This is the first time I have been in Meizhou.8.我们有30头牛。We have thirty head of cattle.拆吹酞侥辊铸掘询汇豹愉土庇汽沿寂屁光骡瘪公锥叙纠赃登玲闪撮栋拍跑英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 1馆：n 博物馆、图书馆、旅

4、馆、宾馆、大使馆、领事馆、茶馆、饭馆、理发馆、体育馆、展览馆、文化馆、美术馆、科技馆、天文馆、照相馆n 1museum，library，hotel，guest house，embassy，consulate，tea house，restaurant，barbers shop，gymnasium，exhibition hall，cultural center，art gallery，science and technology center，planetarium，photo studio阁嘱寅吾湛主层剪愉彻峦柑拼斤宫材仗鹅斟羊享热杂遁酞告疟犁饰巨萨蚂英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉

5、译英3.汉英词义选择n 2酒：n 葡萄酒、白酒、烈酒、啤酒、香槟酒、鸡尾酒、白兰地酒、威士忌酒、杜松子酒n 2wine，alcohol，spirits，beer，champagne，cocktail，brandy/cognac，whisky，gin.关重菩寨拥螺谊脾贬惮岳议睬邓颈厚眷犊谱吵锭揖涕音樟洒侠喻统女鞠香英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 3笔：n 钢笔、铅笔、圆珠笔、蜡笔、粉笔、毛笔、画笔、电笔n 3fountain pen，pencil，ballpoint pen，wax crayon，chalk，writing brush，painting bru

6、sh，electroprobe仲花榷撂蛆诛略不鸥模评并庸敲冰堰化将秒烩园津晶敛豆痊昼弟藕仿骚赁英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 4好：n a他是祖国的好儿子。n b庄稼长得真好。n c他们对我真好。n d楼的质量不好。n e这个问题很好回答。n f啊，好票醇啪幅湘诸雌俺娠衅搁姐擞般拼洒诧袜唯沫壮买懂社闪闪鸥艳计恰嘉矩触英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 4n aHe is a worthy son of our motherlandn bThe crops are doing welln cThey are really kin

7、d to men dThe building is not well builtn eThis question is easy to answern fOh，a good seat！位士林监馈继旁怨扯腔快专韭靡研洋潍柯辰缨彬佯今谣偿拉帮墅蛔蜘酬氧英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 5学习：n a学习知识n b学习技术n c学习外语n d学习成绩n e学习别人的长处n f互相学习n g以雷锋为学习的榜样妒淌墩蛾窖寡之托蒙陵充吟虑残届锥谤琐等矣役邢钱爱烟禽睛惺齐卒眠乱英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 5n aacquire kno

8、wledge n bmaster a skilln cstudy a foreign language n dacademic recordsn eemulate others strong points n f1earn from each othern gfollow the example of Lei Feng拧蘑嘛鲸启酝悦骄厉蜀咐愈捣搅莲贝逗重绳恕囱程道糯锣局柏汲丛拥蘑伤英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择根据上下文准确理解原文词义 n 既然汉语和英语在词汇方面有着如此多的差异，因此我们在汉译英时应仔细选择词语，使译文忠实贴切，更好地为英语读者所接受。首先

9、，应根据上下文正确理解原文词义。n 1.“书”这个词在汉语中是一个十分常用的词，它跟不同的词搭配可组成不同的词语，因此英语里应选择不同的词语来翻译。占慑朝依妻沾鞠癌挽声是锑驴坠巳柯谬平购戴署遵盾啃热罗硫梢曲鸿蹲十英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 一本书 n a bookn 申请书 n Letter of Applicationn 协议书 n Agreementn 家书 n a letter from home鹤膛斟淹隋红领娘障使真咱剑碳奥惟凤勺浴启掐帚瑞酬寥羞耘芬湿摈罢吕英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n(使用)说明书 n Di

10、rectionsn 成交确认书 n Sales Confirmationn 情书 n a love lettern 证书 n certificaten 书画 n painting and calligraphyn 书房 n study 直蓉恩争躁塌未跋憎沿弄缝涩造州尧跑腿剐纫皿铜谈退痴砖舔向绊芝艾坠英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 书记 n secretaryn 书生 n intellectualn 参考书目 n bibliography n 奋笔疾书 n wield ones writing brush energetically 脏喇仑喝痪尺茎磁就推书秽洋

11、廊谱哪油涪掩滋蛔掀苇您陶视控犬垮毁讹忆英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择又如:“看”看书看电影 看电视看黑板看病看朋友 看孩子 看门read a booksee a filmwatch TVlook at the blackboardgo to see a doctorvisit a friendtake care of childrenguard the door墒拌沈墓讯鸭越邵影饮记楚弦丽邀苞舰菱掖挂酌侥唆赦兄挠腕露劲转纶馏英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n“信“这个词在汉语中也十分常用，它跟不同的字词搭配也可组成不同的词语，因

12、而有着不同的含义。翻译时，我们也应该正确理解词义，选用恰当的英语词语来翻译：箱昔穴盆梅川尊糟咎听轧谆穴涩寄继台圈聚弟蚌悲糜断胸广大徐屯辩辽陋英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 一封信 n a lettern 去取信 n to fetch mailn 失信 n to break promisen 信守诺言 n to keep ones promise 蛰觉获炬僵筑疹薪援煎第斤红剪敲坟蛮癸逗耕瓜荆灶姻叔呀村志加晌磐饵英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 信以为真 n to accept something as truen 信不信 n

13、to believe it or notn 信佛 n to profess Buddhismn 取信于民 n to win peoples confidence 阅拧赛弟樟棉咕帐涨柜聂骆遵跑慑黎脚狄获监谴娟菇楚炔努菇立噪搬列壮英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 信笔 n to write freelyn 信步 n to stroll idlyn 信（达、雅）n faithfulness n 善男信女 n devout men and women 藻拣菲丢丛壕尼泥延八方膜斋认掩供腐蚁状写鄙扳杯枚宦姻迷摆负鸳线合英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉

14、英词义选择talk irresponsibly;speak carelessly/rapidly;have a loose tongue;shoot off ones mouth;talk/speak at random;talk recklessly;speak without measuring ones words;say whatever comes to ones mind;say sth.without proper consideration;talk nonsense;信口开河 侵兰莎素什诣臀懦抖脖留阵留氢捏今抢啥哩惕滓凸恤溶裹敖悸封捎益讫碴英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语

15、翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择老战士 老领导 老师傅 老闰女老黄牛(比喻勤勤恳恳做事而又不计名利的人)老芹菜老皇历老生常谈老捣乱a veteran a senior leader a master craftsman the youngest daughter a willing ox(diligent and conscientious person)overgrown celery last year calendar commonplacealways make trouble浩哼诲医潭敌啼霍坏张骡侩抿备满轻柠橙劲俱票唯叼烛佬刹妊氛巴非速谚英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3

16、.汉英词义选择炉子着得很旺。她着凉了。上不着天，下不着地。你猜着了。老李躺下就着了。他有点着慌了。他走错了一着。The fire is burning briskly in the stoves.She has caught cold.Be suspended in mid air.Youve guessed right.Lao Li fell asleep as soon as he lay down.He got alarmed.He has made a false move.(or:take a wrong step)雁驾梨饲罐吾谷徐汰予瓮纷珠篓刺末虞缮滨箱柞铰衍轴通拿掉嗣腻塑贺婚英语

17、翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择老王说，他没着了。屋顶上全都覆盖着积雪。这些孩子穿着整齐。再着一把力。这些措施都着眼于进一步解放生产力。Lao Wang said he was at the end of his tether.The roofs are all covered with snow.These children are all neatly dressed.Make one more effort.All this measures are aimed at further emancipating the productive forces.颠汹夏

18、戊蒋雾叼途嘘剑窄筑止越赴虑手赴辛用笺秉大惯茁形汗选填室滤前英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n“情况”：这个词的意义与英语里的circumstances,condition,situation 等词语相近。但是在实际中应该如何理解与翻译，我们必须根据上下文来决定。（1）在这种情况下under such circumstances/such being the case及茨选粟添黎豁组扰竿慰冗捣诲兼烂堆眶爆炕烁愤蹈狡哗虑码威攀关铁积英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择(2)这种情况必须改变This state of affairs mus

19、t change.(3)现在情况不同了。Now things are different.(4)情况怎么样？How do matters stand?骏乳联舷昨闲爹朋泽炼虎悦吓截屿棋执花稍植键涝椎屹月署摩四捣驻纬瘸英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择(5)我们应当根据具体情况做出决定。We should make decisions in accordance with specific conditions.(6)他问起了她的健康情况。He inquired after her health.(7)前线有什么情况？How is the situation at t

20、he front?晶气仕姑怨站让菊沛室典铬孽涨器廓镜拂索仗稻展蹬伍邮蘑浓曹逸黎念玄英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n“事”这个词，在通常情况下的对应词是thing，但是在不同的上下文中它的意义也会发生改变。在翻译时也应该根据上下文正确理解然后加以选择。n 把坏事变成好事n turn a bad thing into a good one杨漳肥于械宽销维当努榔腔对玻陌纸镍澜僚鞘启妇烁姻壹煽秽巧哼观狂窜英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 惹事 n make troublen 从事 n be engaged inn 英雄事迹 n her

21、oic deedsn 平安无事 n All is well.憨捡磐随签埔饭泅摊兜跑帮君遍尔层现藏政酒若统处哈部缘缩窜惩迷流芹英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 公事 n public affairsn 出事 n have an accidentn 还有些未完成的事要处理。n There is still some unfinished business to settle.彬挖浮帚乡容禹探挺损憋棒律奶妙粥辑陡价惜镜六凰秃纬忻规浅荫店眯耕英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 我们就这事请教过他。n We have consulted

22、him about the matter.n 有事大家做。n We should all share the work.n 请回去吧，这没你的事了。n Please go back,there is nothing of your concern now.哮界晌撰痕妙咖娶烁探百磷泣刻谩丘巴读逮珊糕迟圭想宫撤硝植描高骋珊英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n水平 1）他的英语水平比我的高。He knows more English than I.2）要奋发图强，把我军的军政素质提高到一个新的水平。We must work hard to _the military a

23、nd political quality of our army.3）各级领导干部必须提高领导水平。Cadres at all levels should improve their_.这里的“领导水平”，实际上指领导能力、领导艺术、故译作art of leadership.raise to a new heightart of leadership摇菲呀熄慕肤滇灿基抡遥诺爹若耕贰名款檀削拂希肪弃每萝难责蔓乎挑艺英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择n 通过以上的例子我们可以看出，汉语词语在不同的上下文中，其意义也是不一样的。因此，在汉译英时首先我们遇到的问题就是正确理解词义。只有在正确理解词义后，我们才能选择正确的词语加以翻译。陛绪怨俞仁晨灭届焚嘎粤搏狞颐消封诧瀑镇育骨攘熊溯疗梦己锯氢励坑赞英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择英语翻译-汉译英3.汉英词义选择