新概念英语第二册语法总结.pdf

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1、新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 修 新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：将 来 完 成 时 将 来 完 成 时：1.构 成：shall/will have+过 去 分 词 2.功 能：表 示 将 来 某 时 之 前 已 经 完 成 的 动 作。.They will have been here for 5 years next FridayA.By the end of next term,the students will have finished the book.过 去 将 来 完 成 时：1.构 成：would/should have+过 去 分 词 2.功

2、能：表 示 从 过 去 某 个 时 间 看 将 来 某 时 之 前 已 经 完 成 的 动 作。A.He said that they would have arrived by seven oclock.将 来 完 成 进 行 时：1.构 成：shall/will have been+现 在 分 2.功 能：表 示 某 一 动 作 将 继 续 到 将 来 某 时，且 该 动 作 此 时 尚 未 发 生。.We shall have been staying here for four weeks when Tom arrives.It will have been raining for a

3、 week if it does not stop tomorrow.测 试 精 编（综 合 训 练）1.Simple photographic lenses cant sharp,undistorted images over a wide field.A.to form B.are formed C.forming D.form2.Of all the factors affecting agricultural yields,weather is the one the most.A.it influences farmers B.that influences farmersC.far

4、mers that it influencesD.why farmers influence it3.By tracking the eye of a hurricane,forecasters can determine the speed at w h i c h.A.is a storm moving B.a storm is moving C.is moving a storm D.a moving storm4.During the flood of 1927,the Red Cross out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi,set

5、 up temporary shelters for the homeless.A.operates B.is operating C.has operated D.operating5.Of all the economically important plants,palms have b e e n.A.the least studied B.study the least C.study less and less D.to study the less6.During an eclipse of the sun in the shadow of the Moon.A.the Eart

6、h lies B.the Earth when lying C.that the Earth lies D.the lying Earth7.The photo periodic response of algae actually depends on the duration of darkness,_.A.the light is not on B.and not on light C.but is not on the light D.is not on light8.The wallflower because 计 s weak stems often grow on walls a

7、nd along strong cliffs for support.A.so called is B.so is called C.is so called D.called is so9.Because of its importance in modern living in all parts of the world.A.algebra is studied in schools and colleges B.studying algebra in schools and collegesC.and the study of algebra in schools and colleg

8、es D.in schools and colleges are algebra studieslO.Sociologists have long recognized that social t e n s i o n.A.elements from group living B.elements of a normal group life C.living are a group of elements D.are normal elements of group lifeKEYS1.D 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D新 概 念 英 语 第 二

9、册 语 法 总 结：现 在 完 成 时 现 在 完 成 时：1.构 成：have/has+过 去 分 词 2.功 能：（1）表 示 过 去 所 发 生 的 动 作 对 现 在 的 影 响 或 产 生 的 结 果。常 与 yet,just,before,recently,lately（最 近）,ever,never 等 表 时 间 的 副 词 搭 配 使 用。A.He hasnt seen her lately.I havent finished the book yet.（2）表 示 一 个 从 过 去 某 个 时 间 开 始，延 续 到 现 在 并 可 能 持 续 下 去 的 动 作，常 与

10、 表 示 一 段 时 间 的 时 间 状 语 连 用。如：so far（迄 今 为 止）,up till now（直 到 现 在），since,for a long time（很 长 时 间），up to present（直 到 现 在）jn the past/in the last few years（在 过 去 的 几 年 里）,these days（目 前）.A.He has worked here for 15 years.I have studied English since I came here.The foreigner has been away from China fo

11、r a long time.So far,I havent received a single letter from my brother.（3）某 些 非 延 续 性 动 词（即：动 作 开 始 便 终 止 的 动 词），在 现 在 完 成 时 中 不 能 与 表 示 一 段 时 间 状 语 搭 配。黄 金 要 点:I.常 见 的 非 延 续 动 词：die,arrive（到 达）Join（加 入），leave（离 开）,go,refuse（拒 绝）,fail（失 败）,finish,buy,marry,divorce（离 婚）,awake（醒）,buy,borrow,lend.（背 三

12、遍！）II.这 类 动 词 并 非 不 能 用 现 在 完 成 时，而 是 不 能 接 常 由 fo r引 导 的 时 间 状 语。川.但 若 是 用 在 否 定 句 中，非 延 续 动 词 的 现 在 完 成 时 可 以 与 表 示 一 段 时 间 的 状 语 连 用。.She has gone away for a m onth.（误）k.She has been away for a month（正）.The man has died for two ye a rs.（误）.The man has been dead for two ye a rs.（正）.How long have y

13、oubought the book?（误）.How long have you got the b o o k.（正）（4）注 意 since的 用 法:.They havent had any trouble since they came here.A.It has been ten years since we met last time.He has been here since 1980.A.He has been here since ten years ago.几 组 对 比：A.He has gone to Shanghai.他 至 ij上 海 去 了。A.He has be

14、en to Shanghai.他 去 过 上 海。A.She has gone.她 已 走 了。A.She is gone.她 缺 席 了。（或 者 她 死 了。）A.The door has been closed.门 关 上 了。（动 作）A.The door is dosed.门 是 关 着 的。（状 态）测 试 精 编 1.The prices going up all the time in the past few years.A.keep B.kept C.have kept D.are keeping2.For the whole period of two months,th

15、ere no rain in this area.A.is B.will be C.has been D.have been3.Today is Janes wedding day.She John.A.have just married with B.was just married to C.has just been married to D.just has been married to4.No wonder the flower have withered,they any water for ages.A.hadnt B.havent C.havent had D.hadnt h

16、ad5.Nowadays computer a wide application with the development of production and science.A.found B.has found C.finds D.had foundKEYS1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：一 般 将 来 时 一 般 将 来 时：1.构 成：shall/will+动 词 原 形 2.功 能：（1）表 示 将 要 发 生 的 动 作 或 存 在 的 状 态。.He will graduate from the college next ye

17、ar.A.We shall finish our work as quickly as possible.（2）将 来 时 的 其 它 结 构：I.be going to do something.打 算 做 某 事。（美 国 口 语 中 常 读 作 be gonna）.Im going to buy a new coat this fall.be going to 与 will 的 对 比：下 列 情 况 须 用 willA.Ill be sixteen years old next year.It will be the 20th of August tomorrow.When he co

18、mes,I will give him your message.II.be+to do sth.表 示 计 划 安 排 做 某 事 或 用 来 征 求 意 见。.Am I to take over his work?.We are to meet at the gate.lll.be about to do sth.即 将 做 某 事。A.The talk is about to begin.重 点 补 充：be on the point of doing sth.正 要 做 某 事 set out to do sth.着 手 做 某 事 set about doing sth.开 始 做

19、某 事 测 试 精 编 1.-The meeting is scheduled to begin at 7 oclock.-But a delay.A.it will be B.thered be C.there will be D.there is2.Hell leave for Paris before you next week.A.will come back B.will be back C.come back D.came back3.Our next meeting on 1st December.A.has been held B.will hold C.is to be he

20、ld D.is holding4.Where a willthere is a way.A.there will have B.has been there C.there is D.there has been5.It be Wednesday tomorrow.A.is going to B.will C.is about to D.is toKEYS1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：将 来 进 行 时 将 来 进 行 时：1.构 成：shall/will be+现 在 分 词 2.功 能：表 示 将 来 某 个 时 刻 正 在 进 行

21、的 动 作：.What will you be doing this time tomorrow?R 比 较：U.Tom wont cut the grass because he is afraid of being tire d.（说 明 意 图）.Tom wont be cutting the grass.（无 意 图、仅 陈 述 事 实）用 将 来 进 行 时 询 问 别 人 的 计 划、打 算 比 用 一 般 将 来 时 更 显 礼 貌。A.Will you be having supper with us this evening?将 来 进 行 时 表 示 对 即 将 发 生 的

22、 动 作 的 推 测。.She will be arriving at Shanghai tomorrow morning.A.The car will be going at the speed of 100 miles an hour.过 去 将 来 进 行 时：1.构 成：should/would be+现 在 分 词 2.功 能：表 示 从 过 去 某 时 看 将 来 某 时 正 在 进 行 的 动 作。.He asked me what I should be doing when he came the next day.测 试 精 编 1.T o m o r r o w,!t h

23、 e book all morning.A.am reading B.will be reading C.will read D.have read2.-Can you。甘 end the meeting t o n ig h t?-N o,t h e manager about something urgent.A.I see B.lll have seen C.lll be seeing D.l can see3.Of the millions who saw Haleys comet in 1986,how many people long enough to see it return

24、 in the twenty-first century?A.will they live B.they will be living C.will live D.living4.He told us that he visiting Japan by this time next year.A.will be B.would be C.was D.is5.It when you wake up tomorrow morning.A.is snowing B.will snow C.will be snowing D.snowsKEYS1.B2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C2.1 the boo

25、k the whole day,yet I havent finished it.A.have been reading B.have read C.am reading D.had been reading 3.Please come in.We about your paper.A.talk B.had been talking C.have been talking D.would have talked4.Such natural resources as coal and p e tro le u m.A.g ra d u a lly are exhausted B.are bein

26、g gradually exhausted C.have gradually exhausting D.have been exhausting gradually5.It almost every day so far this month.A.is raining B.rained C.rains D.has been raining用 所 给 动 词 正 确 时 态 填 空：1.You should go to b e d.Y o u(w a t c h)T V for 5 hours.2.1(write)letters since breakfast.3.1(write)3 lette

27、rs since breakfast.4.Sorry,but M r.S m it h(le a v e)f o r Beijing.5.1(look)for him everywhere,where can he be?KEYS1.B2.A3.C 4.B 5.D用 所 给 动 词 正 确 时 态 填 空：1.have been watching 2.have been writing 3.have written 4.has left 5.have been looking新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：现 在 完 成 进 行 时 现 在 完 成 进 行 时：1.构 成：ha

28、ve/has+been+现 在 分 词 2.功 能：(1)表 示 从 过 去 某 时 开 始 发 生，一 直 延 续 到 现 在 且 可 能 延 续 下 去 的 动 作。(此 定 义 读 5 遍).Ive been waiting for an hour but she hasnt come.He has been running after her for 8 years.(2)表 某 种 感 情 色 彩。A.Ive been wanting to see you for so many years.Whos been telling you such nonsense.现 在 完 成 时

29、与 现 在 完 成 进 行 时 的 对 比：现 在 完 成 时 强 调 结 果，而 完 成 进 行 时 强 调“动 作 的 延 续”。A.I have thought of i t.（我 已 想 到 了 这 一点。)A.I have been thinking of i t.(我 一 直 在 想 这 一 点。).Jim has painted the d o o r.(杰 姆 已 将 门 油 漆 过 了。)A.Jim has been painting the d o o r.(杰 姆 一 直 在 油 漆 门。)测 试 精 编 1.They us since five oclock this

30、morning.A.are helping B.have been helping C.have been helped D.have helped2.1 the book the whole day,yet I havent finished it.A.have been reading B.have read C.am reading D.had been reading3.Please come in.We about your paper.A.talk B.had been talkingC.have been talking D.would have talked4.Such nat

31、ural resources as coal and p e t r o l e u m.A.gradually are exhausted B.are being gradually exhausted C.have gradually exhausting D.have been exhausting gradually5.It almost every day so far this month.A.is raining B.rained C.rains D.has been raining用 所 给 动 词 正 确 时 态 填 空：1.You should go to b e d.Y

32、o u(w a t c h)T V for 5 hours.2.1(w r it e)le t t e r s since breakfast.3.1(write)3 Ie甘 ers since breakfast.4.Sorry,but M r.S m it h(le a v e)f o r Beijing.5.1(look)for him everywhere,where can he b e?(后 设 答 案，大 家 不 要 偷 看 哦 八*)嘻 嘻.)KEYS1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D用 所 给 动 词 正 确 时 态 填 空：1.have been watching 2.

33、have been writing 3.have written 4.has left 5.have been looking新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：过 去 完 成 进 行 时 过 去 完 成 进 行 时：1.构 成：had been+现 在 分 词 2.功 能：表 示 过 去 某 个 时 间 之 前 一 直 在 进 行 的 动 作。.She said that she had been typing a paper before I came in.比 较：A.The girl had cleaned up the room,so it was tidy.The gi

34、rl had been clearing up the room,so we had to wait outside.测 试 精 编 1.It for four days when we arrived,so the roads were very muddyA.was raining B.would be raining C.had been raining D.has rained2.He told us that he_ there since 1982.A.has been living B.had been living C.would have lived D.was living

35、3.He had been learning English for 3 years before he came here and now.A.is still learning B.had been learning C.was still learning D.has been learning4.By the end of last week,he in the company for 10 years.A.had worked B.had been working C.will have worked D.would have worked5.Not until then did p

36、eople know that he important military information to the enemy for a Iong time.A.sold B.would sell C.had sold D.had been sellingKEYS1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：过 去 进 行 时 过 去 进 行 时：1.构 成：were/was+现 在 分 词 2.功 能：(1)表 示 过 去 某 一 时 刻 或 阶 段 正 在 发 生 的 动 作。A.1 was playing chess at 8 yesterday

37、evening.When I arrived,they were watching TV.A.They were doing housework this time last week.(2)用 于 条 件 状 语 从 句 中 表 示 过 去 将 来 进 行 的 动 作。.She told me to wake him up if she was sleeping.A.1 asked my friend to warn me about it as long as I was driving too fast.测 试 精 编 1.My brother while he his bicycle

38、and hurt himself.A.fell/was riding B.feel/were riding C.had fallen/rode D.had fallen/was riding2.He his leg as he in a football match.A.broke/played B.was breaking/was playing C.broke/was playing D.was breaking/played3.My father will be here tomorrow.-l thought that he today.A.was corning B.is comin

39、g C.will come D.comes4.Jack was going out of the shop when he collided（v.碰 撞，抵 触）with an old woman who in.A.come B.was coming C.had been coming D.had come5.Michike couldnt come to the telephone when Mr.Smith called her because she in the lab.A.had been working B.has been working C.was working D.work

40、edKEYS 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：过 去 将 来 时 过 去 将 来 时：1.构 成：should/would+动 词 原 形 2.功 能：（1）表 示 从 过 去 某 个 时 刻 看 将 要 发 生 的 动 作 或 状 态。.He said that they would meet me at the station.3.（2）此 用 法 常 用 于 间 接 引 语 中。测 试 精 编 1.On television last night the newscaster announced that the leader on

41、Saturday.A.is arriving B.will arrive C.would be arrived D.would arrive2.He told us that he would begin the dictation when we ready.A.will be B.would be C.were D.are3.My aunt to see us,she would be here soon.A.is corning B.was coming C.came D.had came4.They would be given a new house if more the next

42、 year.A.will be built B.would be built C.are built D.were builtKEYS1.D2.C 3.B 4.D新 概 念 英 语 第 二 册 语 法 总 结：过 去 完 成 时 过 去 完 成 时：1.构 成：had+过 去 分 词2.功 能：（1）表 示 过 去 某 个 动 作 或 某 个 具 体 时 间 之 前 已 经 发 生、完 成 的 动 作。过 去 的 过 去”。.They had got everything ready before I came.A.The play had begun before I got to the

43、theater with my boyfriend.（2）过 去 完 成 时 常 用 于 hardly/scarcely.when,no sooner.than等 固 定 句 型 结 构 中。（此 乃 超 级 重 点 句 型，意 为：“一 就”）.She had hardly/scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.（注 意 no sooner 在 句 首 时 句 型 倒 装。）（3）intend（打 算）,me

44、an（意 味），hope（希 望），want（想 要），plan（计 划）等 动 词 的 过 去 完 成 时 用 来 表 示 本 打 算 做 而 没 有 做 的 事。A.1 had intended to call on you yesterday,but someone came to see me just when I was about to Ie a ve.（.原 想 昨 天 去 看 你）A.They had planed to hold a football match last week,but they had to cancel it because the badweath

45、er.（原 计 划 上 周 举 行 一 场 足 球 赛）测 试 精 编 1.-Lets hurrylThe president is coming.-OhJ was afraid that w e.A.already miss him B.had already missed him C.will miss him already D.have already missed him2.Your letter came just as I my office.A.was leaving B.would leave C.had left D.left3.1 my keys,I cant remember where I last saw them.A.was losing B.lost C.had lost D.have lost4.Nobody knew where the teacherA.has goneB.would have goneC.had goneD.would be gone5.The sportsmen training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.A.have been B.are C.had been D.wereKEYS1.B2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C