高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练学案：为什么有的人总是手脚冰凉？.docx

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1、高考阅读理解素材为什么有的人总是手脚冰凉？Do you, or someone you know, often complain of having constantly cold hands and feet? In most cases, this is not a problem, and simply due to the body maintaining its temperature.For our bodies, blood is a fantastic store of heat. By diverting blood to the skin, heat is transfer

2、red to the outside air, helping to cool us down. This is why we might look a bit flushed on a hot day.On the other hand, when we are feeling cold, the blood vessels in our skin narrow so less blood is diverted there. Less blood means less warmth, and this becomes particularly noticeable in the hands

3、 and feet.Its a normal process, and shows that our body is doing its job of maintaining a normal internal temperature and protecting our organs.Normally, the feeling is only temporary. But if someone always has cold hands and feet, even when their body is quite warm, it could be a sign that somethin

4、g else is contributing. Anything that induces a narrowing of blood vessels can impact how warm your extremities feel.This could be from causes such as Raynauds phenomenon, in which some blood vessels going to the extremities temporarily narrow. People with Raynauds typically present with very pale a

5、nd cold fingers or toes.In some cases, it is not clear why people exhibit symptoms of Raynauds. In other instances, it may be a result of more serious underlying causes, such as an immune deficiency or associated with high blood pressure.But other factors could also be behind unusually cold hands. A

6、nything that blocks blood getting through the vessels can result in colder extremities. For example, people with uncontrolled diabetes have a higher chance of fatty deposits forming inside blood vessels, making them narrow and hard, and inhibiting blood flow.Trauma or tissue damage could also result

7、 in inhibited blood flow to the area. If someone has undergone hand or arm surgery, or had a past injury, it may impact how warm their extremities feel.Another possible cause is anaemia, which can impair the transport of oxygen-rich blood around the body and result in cold hands and feet. Smoking ca

8、n also be behind a case of icy fingers and toes; nicotine causes the blood vessels to narrow and reduces blood flow.Under normal circumstances, cold hands and feet are not a worry. But just keep in mind that its due to a reduced blood supply reaching the extremities. Over time, this can result in br

9、ittle nails, dry or cracked skin, discoloured skin, and a feeling of tingling or numbness in the areas.These regions may also be less sensitive when cold; and it can even become quite painful to use your fingers or feet when they are ice cold. A reduced blood supply might make the hands and feet slo

10、wer to heal if injured, potentially allowing infections to persist and grow.Over time, inhibited blood flow can also damage the nerves as well. The impact on the nerves, alongside increased risks of infection, can sometimes result in the requirement for amputations. So if consistently cold hands and

11、 feet are a worry, its always worth mentioning this to your family doctor.阅读理解1. What is the main cause of cold hands and feet?A. Having poor blood circulation.B. The body maintaining its temperature.C. Smoking too much nicotine.D. Suffering from Raynauds phenomenon.答案：B。解析：文章第一段明确指出，大多数情况下，手脚冰冷并不是问

12、题，只是由于身体维持温度。2. Why do our bodies divert blood to the skin?A. To cool us down.B. To maintain a normal temperature.C. To protect our organs.D. To transfer heat to the outside air.答案：D。解析：文章第二段明确说明，通过将血液引流到皮肤，体温得以通过体外空气传输而散发，有助于我们降温。3. What does it mean if someone always has cold hands and feet?A. Tha

13、t they have a low body temperature.B. That they are suffering from Raynauds phenomenon.C. That there is something else contributing to their condition.D. That they need a doctors attention immediately.答案：C。解析：文章第四段指出，如果有人总是手脚冰冷，即使身体相当温暖，可能是其他因素导致，任何缩窄血管的原因都会影响周围的体温感觉。4. What is Raynauds phenomenon?A

14、. A disease that causes high blood pressure.B. A disorder that results in very pale and cold fingers or toes.C. An immune deficiency.D. A condition that impairs transport of oxygen-rich blood.答案：B。解析：文章第五段提到了Raynaud现象，是一种导致部分血管暂时变窄的疾病，指人们通常出现十分苍白和冷的手指或脚趾。5. What is the impact of smoking on the blood

15、 vessels?A. It causes them to narrow and reduce blood flow.B. It produces more fatty deposits inside blood vessels.C. It results in tissue damage and inhibited blood flow.D. It impairs the transport of oxygen-rich blood around the body.答案：A。解析：文章倒数第三段提到，吸烟也会导致手指和脚趾冰冷，尼古丁会导致血管收缩并减少血流。6. What are the

16、potential consequences of inhibited blood flow to the extremities over time?A. Discoloured skin and tingling feelings.B. Slower healing of injuries and increased infection risks.C. Damaged nerves and increased infection risks.D. Brittle nails and dry or cracked skin.答案：B。解析：文章倒数第二段说明了可能的结果，受阻的血液流动还会

17、使手脚更慢地恢复，从而容易感染和滋生细菌。7. What is the purpose of discussing the potential consequences of consistently cold hands and feet?A. To explain why some people may need to have amputations.B. To suggest that reduced blood flow can sometimes be a serious condition.C. To indicate that cold hands and feet are n

18、ot a worry under normal circumstances.D. To provide suggestions for people who suffer from cold hands and feet.答案：B。解析：文章最后一段提到，受阻血流和感染风险增加可能导致神经损伤，甚至需要截肢，提示冰冷的手脚有时可能是严重的状况。8. What is the authors purpose in writing this article?A. To provide medical advice for people with cold hands and feet.B. To d

19、escribe the normal process of body temperature regulation.C. To introduce different potential causes of cold hands and feet.D. To give suggestions on how to treat cold hands and feet.答案：C。解析：文章描述了手脚冰冷的不同潜在原因，为大家更好地了解这种症状提供了帮助。9. What is the tone of this article?A. Informative.B. Humorous.C. Critical

20、.D. Sarcastic.答案：A。解析：文章讲述的是与身体不同因素导致手脚冰冷的状况，用教育性口吻展现了事件的详细信息及可能的后果。10. What is the conclusion that can be drawn from this article?A. Everyone who suffers from cold hands and feet has a serious medical condition.B. Cold hands and feet are never a cause for concern.C. It is important to seek medical

21、attention if consistently experiencing cold hands and feet.D. Home remedies are effective in treating cold hands and feet.答案：C。解析：文章最后一段提醒读者，如果经常出现手脚冰冷的状况，应向家庭医生咨询，暗示如果经常出现，需要及时就医。重点词汇1. complain - 抱怨2. constantly - 经常地3. body - 身体4. temperature - 温度5. blood - 血液6. divert - 转移7. skin - 皮肤8. transfer

22、 - 转移9. outside - 外面的10. air - 空气11. cool - 冷却12. flushed - 脸红的13. feeling - 感觉14. vessels - 血管15. narrow - 收缩16. warmth - 温暖17. noticeable - 明显的18. normal - 正常的19. internal - 内部的20. protecting - 保护21. organs - 器官22. always - 总是23. contributing - 有贡献的24. inducing - 诱导25. impact - 影响26. extremities -

23、 末梢27. causes - 原因28. Raynauds phenomenon - 瑞诺氏病29. immune deficiency - 免疫缺陷30. high blood pressure - 高血压31. blocks - 阻塞32. diabetes - 糖尿病33. fatty deposits - 脂肪沉淀34. inhibiting - 抑制35. Trauma - 创伤36. tissue damage - 组织损伤37. undergone - 经历38. surgery - 手术39. anaemia - 贫血40. transport - 运输41. oxygen-

24、rich - 富含氧气的42. smoking - 抽烟43. nicotine - 尼古丁44. sensitive - 敏感的45. painful - 疼痛的46. infections - 感染47. nerves - 神经48. amputations - 截肢49. consistent - 持续的50. mentioning - 提到全文翻译Do you, or someone you know, often complain of having constantly cold hands and feet? In most cases, this is not a proble

25、m, and simply due to the body maintaining its temperature.你或你认识的人是否经常抱怨手脚冰冷？在大多数情况下，这没什么问题，手脚冰凉是人体为了应对温度变化自我保护的一种表现。For our bodies, blood is a fantastic store of heat. By diverting blood to the skin, heat is transferred to the outside air, helping to cool us down. This is why we might look a bit flu

26、shed on a hot day.对于我们的身体来说，血液是一个温度调节器。当血液流向皮肤时，热量就会转移到外界空气中，让我们凉快下来。这也就是为什么我们时常会在夏天热得脸红。On the other hand, when we are feeling cold, the blood vessels in our skin narrow so less blood is diverted there. Less blood means less warmth, and this becomes particularly noticeable in the hands and feet.同样地

27、，当我们感到寒冷时，皮肤内的血管收紧，通过的血液也因此减少。血液少就意味着热量少，这一点在手脚的温度上体现得尤为显著。Its a normal process, and shows that our body is doing its job of maintaining a normal internal temperature and protecting our organs.这是一种非常正常的现象，表明我们的身体正保持体内正常温度，保护我们的各个器官。Normally, the feeling is only temporary. But if someone always has c

28、old hands and feet, even when their body is quite warm, it could be a sign that something else is contributing. Anything that induces a narrowing of blood vessels can impact how warm your extremities feel.通常情况下，手脚冰凉只是暂时的。但如果一个人总是手脚冰凉，即使他们的身体很温暖，这可能是其他因素造成的。任何导致血管收缩的因素都会影响你四肢的温暖程度。This could be from

29、causes such as Raynauds phenomenon, in which some blood vessels going to the extremities temporarily narrow. People with Raynauds typically present with very pale and cold fingers or toes.这可能是由雷诺现象引起的，雷诺现象是指一些通往四肢的血管会暂时狭窄。患有雷诺氏症的人通常手指或脚趾非常苍白和冰冷。In some cases, it is not clear why people exhibit sympt

30、oms of Raynauds. In other instances, it may be a result of more serious underlying causes, such as an immune deficiency or associated with high blood pressure.在某些情况下，尚不清楚为什么人们会出现雷诺氏综合症的症状。在其他情况下，它可能是由更严重的潜在因素所导致的，如免疫缺陷或与高血压。But other factors could also be behind unusually cold hands. Anything that b

31、locks blood getting through the vessels can result in colder extremities. For example, people with uncontrolled diabetes have a higher chance of fatty deposits forming inside blood vessels, making them narrow and hard, and inhibiting blood flow.但在手脚异常冰冷的背后也可能有其他因素。任何阻碍血液通过血管的东西都会导致四肢变冷。例如，糖尿病未能有效控制的

32、人有更高的几率在血管内形成脂肪沉积，使血管狭窄而坚硬，并抑制血液流动。Trauma or tissue damage could also result in inhibited blood flow to the area. If someone has undergone hand or arm surgery, or had a past injury, it may impact how warm their extremities feel.创伤或组织损伤也可能导致该区域的血液流动受到抑制。如果有人做过手部或手臂手术，或者曾经受过伤，这可能会影响他们四肢的温暖程度。Another p

33、ossible cause is anaemia, which can impair the transport of oxygen-rich blood around the body and result in cold hands and feet. Smoking can also be behind a case of icy fingers and toes; nicotine causes the blood vessels to narrow and reduces blood flow.另一个可能的原因是贫血，它会损害富氧血液在全身的运输，从而导致手脚冰凉。吸烟也可能是导致手

34、脚冰凉的原因；尼古丁会导致血管狭窄，从而减少血液流动。Under normal circumstances, cold hands and feet are not a worry. But just keep in mind that its due to a reduced blood supply reaching the extremities. Over time, this can result in brittle nails, dry or cracked skin, discoloured skin, and a feeling of tingling or numbness

35、 in the areas.在正常情况下，手脚冰凉并不令人担心。但要记住，这是由于四肢供血减少造成的。久而久之，这会导致指甲变脆、皮肤干燥或开裂、皮肤变色，以及某些部位的刺痛或麻木感。These regions may also be less sensitive when cold; and it can even become quite painful to use your fingers or feet when they are ice cold. A reduced blood supply might make the hands and feet slower to heal

36、 if injured, potentially allowing infections to persist and grow.这些区域在寒冷时可能不那么敏感；但当你手脚冰凉时，这些区域的活动会变得非常痛苦。血液供应减少可能会使受伤的手和脚愈合得更慢，可能会导致感染持续存在并加剧。Over time, inhibited blood flow can also damage the nerves as well. The impact on the nerves, alongside increased risks of infection, can sometimes result in the requirement for amputations. So if consistently cold hands and feet are a worry, its always worth mentioning this to your family doctor.随着时间的推移，血液流动受到抑制也会损害神经。对神经的影响，加上感染风险的增加，有时甚至可能导致截肢。所以，如果你对手脚总是冰凉感到担心，那就有必要去看看医生。学科网（北京）股份有限公司