中考英语阅读理解（说明文专项练习）.pdf

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1、中考阅读理解说明文专练（-）Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge（HZMB）opened on October 24,2018.Its the longest cross-sea bridge in the world.The bridge is 55kilometers long.It connects Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainlandcity of Zhuhai.Construction（建筑工程）on Ihe HZMB began in 2009.Itis considered as one of the sev

2、en wonders（奇迹）of the modern world.The HZMB is the only one in many ways.It can withstand wind speeds ofup to 185km/h and earthquakes with magnitude（震级）of up to8.Its designedto have a service life（寿命）of 120 years,20 years longer than most bridges.And If s not just a bridge,but also part tunnel（隧道）and

3、 part island.Inone section（部分），the bridge turns into a 6.7-km undersea tunnel.And thetunnel passes through two man-made islands.The tunnel is the worlds longestundersea tunnel for road traffic,allowing large ships to continue passingthrough the sea area above the tunnel.The HZMB makes it more conven

4、ient to travel between the three areas.Itcan shorten（缩短）the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai.Peopleused to spend four hours,but now it takes about 45 minutes.By making local cities and areas closer together,the HZMB helps theareas1 2 development.It can develop the economy（经济）of Hong Kong,Maca

5、oand nine Guangdong cities.（I）When did the HZMB open?A.On October 24,2009.B.On November 24,2009.C.On October 24,2018.D.On December 24,2018.（2）what does the underlined wordMwithstand mean in Chinese?A.坚守B.躲避C.减轻D.承受(3)The bridge can help the three areas in many ways E XC E P T.A.developing the econom

6、y of the three areasB,making the three areas have fewer earthquakesC,making local cities and the three areas closer togetherD.shortening the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai(4)How long does it take to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai according to thepassage?A,About 45 minutes.B,About 55 minute

7、s.C.About 2 hours.D.About 4 hours.(5)Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.The bridge is 55 kilometers long.B,Construction on the HZMB began in 2009.C,The service life of the HzMB is 20 years shorter than most bridge.D.In one section,the undersea tunnel passes through two man

8、 made islands.(1)A(2)D(3)B(4)A(5)C(二)When it comes to helping developing countries,we often think about offeringmoney in order that they can build schools and hospitals,buy food and medicine,or find clean water supplies.These seem to be the most important basic needs intheir lives.However,it*s far f

9、rom enough.We have to come up with better ideas.A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer,whichhe decided toinvent after he visited a school in Cambodia.The laptop which Mr.Negroponte hasdesigned is not the same as the normal one that you can buy in the shops.Onedifference is

10、 that it will becovered in rubber so that it is strong and wont be damaged easily.As an electricitysupply can bea problem in developing countries,the computer also has a special handle in orderthat childrencan wind the computer up to give it extra power when needed.This special laptop computer will

11、cost less than 100 US dollars andMr.Negroponte wants toproduce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year.The idea is thatthese computerswill help the childrens education as they will be able to access the Internet.Thesecomputersmight not benefit the people in developing countries imme

12、diately,but by improvingchildrenseducation they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems inthe long term.Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobilephones so thathey can be used again.In the UK.and probably in many other countries too,millio

13、ns of mobilephones are thrown away every year.The waste crested by throwing away thee oldphones is verybed for the environment,so it seems to be an excellent idea to achieve twoimportant goals at the same time,We will reduce the waste we produce and helpothers.In other words,we will be able to kill

14、two birds with one“and that isalways a good thing.根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。LThe underlined phrase wind up in paragraph 2 meansoA.吹风 B.给上发条 C.摇上 D.利用空气使2.The laptop computer that Mr.Negroponte has designedA.will be damaged much easier than the normal oneB.has a special handle to access the InternetC.is cheap an

15、d can run with extra powerD.can be helpful to find the peoples own solutions3.According to the passage,what benefit can we get from recycling old mobilephones?A.We can reduce the waste to protect the environment.B.We can help children in developing countries reuse the old mobile phones.C.it is good

16、for the environment and very educative for phone users.D.It not only reduces the waste produced by developed countries but also helpsthe childrenin developing countries.4.Mr.Negroponte cheap computer is mentioned in the passage to.A.illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countriesB.tell

17、us what high technology can help peopleC.show how to find business opportunities in developing countriesD.give an example of how to help developing countries5.Which is the best idea the author gives us to help the developing countries?A.We need to help people in developing countries to help themselv

18、es,not justthrow money at the problem.B.We should spend much money helping people in developing countries buildmore schoolsand hospitals.C.We should think about giving help to developing countries more often.D.We should help the people in developing countries by improving childrenseducationimmediate

19、ly.I-5.BCDDA（三）Dubai（迪拜）is a good placeto travel to.There,you can find many tall building,taste lots of delicious food andexperience some interesting things.Have you ever been to this city?If you go toDubai during the summer holiday,you may see special kind of taxi.It is adrone（无人机）.It flies in the

20、sky by itself!It is said that Dubai plans to useChinese-made drones as a self-flying air taxi in July.The drone taxi is named EHang 184.A Chinese companyO made it.The city ofDubai will start using it in July.It will be the worlds first passenger drone,according to Yahoo News.The drone taxi can fly u

21、p to 3,500 meters high.It can fly at a top speed of 160kilometers an hour.It can only take one person.How do you call an Ehang 184?You use its 叩p（应用程序）on yourphone.When the drone comes,you choose the place you want to go to on a touchscreen.There is no pilot in the drone.But some people on the groun

22、d will bewatching it.They will make sure your trip is safe.You dont have to worry about it.EHang 184s battery（电:也）can only keep about 30 minutes.So it cannot takeyou further than 50 kilometers.Would you like to take a trip in this flyin drone?Dont wait.Lets go!49.EHang 184 was made by a（n）company.A.

23、Dubais B.American CJapanese D.Chinese50.Which statement（陈述）about EHang 184 is correct?A.There is a pilot in it.hour.C.It can fly up to 4,500 kilometers.51.Where may we find this article?A.On the Internet.B.In a guidenovel.52.Whats the best title of the passage?A.The Exciting VacationC.The Drone Taxi

24、B.Its battery can keep around half anD.The trip in it isnt safe.book.C.In a story book.D.In aB.The Special TripD.The Computer CompanyDBAC（四）On April 26,2017,a big Chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world.Chinasfirst homemade aircraft carrier（航空母月见）hit the water in Dalian,Liaoning.The new big

25、ship is Chinas second aircraft carrier.It was designed in Chinaand built in China,too.It is about 315 meters long and 75 meters wide.That is a bitlarger than three soccer fields.An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea.It can carry planes and troops towar.Planes fly from the carrier and lan

26、d back on it,and soldiers work and live on it,too.But building an An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea.It can carryplanes and troops to war.Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it,and soldierswork and live on it,too.But building an aircraft carrier is so hard and expensive.Itcos

27、ts a lot of money and needs a large amount of steel and other special materials.For example,a basic aircraft carrier is made of 60,000 tons of steel.It also usescomplex（复杂的）technologies,including radar,electrics,mechanics and weapons.Finally,it takes years to build one.Today,not many countries own a

28、n aircraft carrieror have the ability to build one.China has become the seventh country in the worldthat can build an aircraft carrier by itself,after the USA,Russia,England,France,Italy and Spain.1.In which year did Chinas first homemade aircraft carrier hit the water?A.In 2017.B.In 2016.C.In 2018.

29、D.In 2019.2.What*s the best title of this passage?A.An Airport on the SeaB.China Has Bought the Second Aircraft CarrierC.Chinas Homemade Aircraft CarrierD.The Sixth Country to Build an Aircraft Carver3.What is not needed to build the aircraft caixier?A.special materials B.technologies C.steel D.wood

30、4.How many aircraft earners does China have according to the passage?A.one B.two C.three D.four5.How does the writer feel about the homemade aircraft carrier in China?A.proud B.worried C.upset D.hopelessACDBA（五）What will the world of the future be like?There are plenty of people who arehappy to give

31、 their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050.Here are twopredictions about the world of tomorrow.When we dream about the future,many like to think of owning a personalflying car.The advantages are obvious.This technology would allow total freedomof movement.We could fly at 480 km per hour,avoidin

32、g traffic lights and busyroads.However,some people believe there will beproblems with traffic control.If the cars becomepopular,there is likely to beair traffic jam.Another big problem is mechanicalfailure.What will happen if the cars stop working?These are problems we must expect if flying carsbeco

33、me a reality.Three-dimensional printing is another newtechnology with excitingpossibilities.3D printers are used to build an objectwith liquid plasticThey build the object layer by layer until it iscomplete.Car companiesalready use 3D printers to make life-size models ofcar parts,and medicalcompanie

34、s use the technology to make man-made body parts.As we move into thefuture,3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop,the way we manufacture andthe way we treat sick people.The disadvantage is that such equipment will beextremely expensive.So in the future,we might be able to fly to work or prin

35、t out newshoes.Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible,wecan certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer formillions of people.1 .What is the passage mainly about?A.Environmental protection.B.The world of tomorrow.C.Advantages of technology.

36、2.What do we learn from the passage?A.Some people think technology development may bring new problemsB.3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap.C.The flying cars wont bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.3.What is the correct structure of the passage?

37、（Pl=Paragraph 1）4.What does the underlined wordthey*refer to?A.Car companies.B.3D print.C.Body parts.5.We can infer that the writerabout the future life with technology.A.doesn*t care B.feels hopeful C.feels disappointed1-5BAABB（六）（10 分）Do you know when and where ice cream was created?It has a long

38、andinteresting history.The earliest ice cream was eaten in China many centuries ago.People atthat time would put orange juice on the ice or get something cool to drink.Later,this idea traveled to Italy.Around 1660,it was popular to serve ice cream incoffee shops in Paris.Most of the shops were owned

39、 by Italians.Among them,the first successful one belonged to(属于)a man named Francesco Procopius.Ice cream was brought to America in the early 1700s,and it quickly becamethe favorite of Americans.President George Washington had ice cream pots(罐)and machines in his kitchen.Dolly Madison,the wife of Pr

40、esident Madison,was the first one to serve it in the White House.She made her guests very happywhen she served such desserts(甜品).Before ice cream was sold in stores.it was made and kept at a very lowtemperature first.It took a lot of work to mix cream,eggs,fruit andice.Nancy Johnson,an American woma

41、n who was good at machines,invented the ice cream freezer in 1846.Five years later.Jacob Flu sellopened the first ice cream factory in Baltimore,Maryland.Her businessquickly came to other states.Today in the United States,ice cream is not only a kind of food,but alsoa way of life.(1)The earliest ice

42、 cream was the ice with on or something cool todrink.A.orange juiceB.apple juiceC.watermelon juice(2)The owner of the first successful coffee shop in Paris was a(n).A,FrenchmanB,AmericanC.Italian(3)The underlined word freezer*means in Chinese.A.品种B.冰柜C.配方(4)Which of the following is TRUE?A.In 1700.i

43、ce cream came to the White House.B.In 1846,many ice cream factories openedC.Today ice cream means a lot to Americans(5)The best title for this passage is.A,the History of Ice CreamB,Ice Cream in AmericaC,Business on Ice Cream(1)A.(2)C.(3)B.(4)C.(5)A.(七)What are you holding in your hand while you are

44、 taking the examination?Right.A pen.Though it is small,the pen has changed the history,improved the trade ofcountries,recorded events,carried news,and done far more work for human beingsthan all other tools.Progress without it would have been almost impossible.The invention of thewheels,the introduc

45、tion of steam engine(蒸汽机),the use of electricity,all thesehave changed the lives of millions of people,but the pen has done more.It has takenaway mountains,and it has prepared the way for all progress and development ofthe society.In the past the pen did all the work if you wanted to keep any writin

46、g for sometime.The lawyers took up their pens and wrote the law of the country from the dayswhen papyrus(纸莎草2 氏)was first used.The most famous letters in the world werewritten with a pen.It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers of all time wrotedown their thoughts.The pen is very utilitarian.We

47、cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy ahouse without our pen.An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen.The writers encourage the world with it.The students take their examinations with itas well.Our coming into the world is recorded with a pen.Before we have been atschool,o

48、ur name is written on the name list with a pen.We cannot be married tillwe have signed.A pen records the important events in our life.Let us remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument whichman owns.The pen is a magic tool.Whenever you use it,enjoy it.1.What is the writer trying t

49、o do in this passage?A.Describe what a pen looks like.B.Introduce the history of thepen.C.Advise people to prepare a new pen.D.Show the importance ofthe pen.2.The word“mountains“in the third paragraph refers to（指代）something toA.explain the use of electricity B.lower the students*scoresC.stop the soc

50、ial development D.change the law of thecountry3.The lawyers started to write the law of the c o u n t r y.A.before their thoughts were changed B.when papyrus was firstusedC.as soon as they recorded their names D.after they took animportant exam4.The underlined word utilitarian“in the passage means”.