中考英语二轮复习第9讲阅读理解专题讲义.pdf

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1、阅 读 理 解【知 识 点 睛】一、命 题 特 点 体 裁 上 来 看：涉 及 记 叙 文、夹 叙 夹 议 文、议 论 文、说 明 文 和 应 用 文；题 材 内 容 涉 及 英 语 国 家 文 化 的 多 个 领 域，并 逐 步 增 加 广 告、海 报、图 画、表 格 等 实 用 文 体。题 型 上 来 看：着 重 考 查 学 生 对 整 篇 文 章 的 把 握，侧 重 考 查 学 生 根 据 语 境 进 行 语 篇 分 析 和 综 合 利 用 有 效 信 息 解 决 实 际 问 题 的 能 力。阅 读 量 上 看：逐 年 增 加。难 度 上 来 看：增 加 了 难 度，超 过 了 大 纲

2、规 定 的 3%的 生 词 率。二、阅 读 题 型 1.：考 查 学 生 直 接 从 原 文 中 获 取 正 确 信 息 的 能 力。这 类 题 目 可 以 分 为 直 接 事 实 题 和 间 接 事 实 题。2.：猜 测 生 词 词 义、短 语 和 句 子 意 思 以 及 确 定 代 词 指 代 目 标 的 能 力。3.：要 求 读 者 通 过 文 章 所 提 供 的 已 知 信 息 推 测 未 直 接 表 明 的 信 息。4.：要 求 读 者 在 阅 读 和 理 解 全 文 的 基 础 上 对 文 章 作 出 归 纳、概 括 或 评 价。三、做 题 步 骤 1.速 读 文 章 抓 大 意

3、2.带 题 读 文 作 标 记 3.检 查 题 目 不 留 疑 四、阅 读 禁 忌 禁 止“指 读，声 读，译 读，精 读”禁 止“题 目 卷 面 清 洁，什 么 标 记 都 没 有”【试 题 1】【2015河 南 中 考 A 篇】AA doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外 科 手 术）.He found the boy s father in the hall waiting worriedly.On seeing him,the father cried

4、out,“Why did you take all this time to come?Don tyou know that my son is in danger?Don t you have any sense of duty?”The doctor smiled and said,“I am sorry.I wasn,t in the hospital and I came as fastas I could after receiving the call and now,I wish you d calm down so that I can do mywork.”“Calm dow

5、n?!What if your son was in this room right now?Would you calm down?If yourown son dies while waiting for a doctor,then what will you do?”said the father angrily.The doctor smiled again and replied,uWe will do our best and you should also pray（祈 祷）for your son,s healthy life.”The surgery took some ho

6、urs after which the doctor went out happy,“Thank goodness!Your son is saved!”And without waiting for the fatherJ s reply he carried on his way runningby saying,“If you have any questions,ask the nurse.”“Couldn t he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my son,s state?w shouted thefather when see

7、ing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.The nurse answered,tears coming down her face.His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was at the burial（葬 礼）when we called him for your son s surgery.And now that he savedyour son s life,he left running to finish his son,s burial.”根 据 材 料 内 容 选 择 最 佳

8、答 案，并 将 其 标 号 填 入 题 前 括 号 内。）46.What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?A.He asked another doctor to do his duty.B.H e went to the hospital as soon as possible.C.H e discussed the boy,s state with the father.D.H e waited until his son,s burial was finished.)47.The father sh

9、outed at the doctor because he thoughtA.he had waited too longB.no one cared for his sonC.the doctor was cold to himD.the surgery took a long time)48.W h o told the truth to the father in the end?A.The doctor.B.The nurse.C.His son.)49.H o w might the father feel a fte r he knew the truth?A.Angry.B.E

10、xcited.C.Sorry.)50.W hat is the best t i t l e for the text?A.Seeing is believingB.Time waits for no m anC.Practice makes perfectD.A patient.D.Doubtful.D.Think before you decide一、细 节 理 解 题 ALuca Gr amber ini has been scuba diving since he was a kid.His family owns a scuba company.For the past three

11、summers,Luca has added gardening to his underwater activities.He helpsrun Nemo s Garden,a project to grow plants in the sea.From May through September,Luca and other divers are working on Nemo s Garden in theMediterranean Sea,150 feet from the coast of Noli,Italy.Five large balloon-like objects,call

12、ed biospheres（生 物 圈）,hold plants such as beans and strawberries.The biospheres arefilled with air and placed 20 feet below the surface.My father came up with the idea becausehe loves gardening very much,“Luca said.According to Luca,the sea is a good place to grow plants because underwater temperatur

13、esremain stable,changing little from day to night.The biospheres act like greenhouses.Insidethe air-filled biospheres,fresh water keeps evaporating（蒸 发），providing the plants witha good environment to grow in.We have already seen the plants,grow faster and better,“Luca says.And there are fewer storms

14、 that can knock down the biospheres during the summer.”Luca hopes Nemo s Garden will provide a new way of growing crops.There is not enoughland on the Earth,“he says.And in many developing countries,bad conditions make itdifficult for crops to grow.”Though the project has just started,Nemo s Garden

15、has achieved success and is movingto different areas.We re going to try growing other plants.Luca says.We hope toset up biospheres in other countries.There are many possibilities.”根 据 材 料 内 容 选 择 最 佳 答 案，并 将 其 标 号 填 入 题 前 括 号 内。）1.Nemo s Garden is a project to.A.do scuba diving in the sea B.stop sto

16、rms in the seaC.make fresh water from the sea D.grow plants under the water）2.The passage is probably taken from the part of a newspaper.A.travel B.science C.health D.sportsBWine and Beer Festivals,GermanySeptember is also a great month for wine as the new kinds are ready for tasting.TheStuttgart Wi

17、ne Festival(29 August-91 September)is one of the biggest festivals,withover one million visitors.At the festival,you can taste over 250 kinds of wines from thearea.If you prefer beer to wine,there s the world-famous Munich Oktoberfest,which startson 22nd September and continues until 7lh October.()3

18、.What can we learn about Wine and Beer Festivals?A.The Stuttgart Wine Festival lasts over two weeks.B.Munch Oktoberfest is one of the biggest festivals in the world.C.More than one million visitors come to Munich Oktoberfest.D.People can taste over 250 kinds of wines at the Stuttgart Wine Festival.二

19、、猜 测 词 义 题 AIn Germany,teachers and students*relationship is more formal than you might be usedto.Teachers are respected and students must use the formal Sie(德 语：您)when talkingto teachers.)1.The underlined word“respected”can be best translated intoA.受 人 尊 敬 的 B.令 人 害 怕 的 C.高 收 入 的 D.有 权 势 的 B(文 章 同

20、细 节 理 解 题 A 篇)2.The underlined word“stable“in paragraph 3 means in Chinese.A.平 衡 的 B.正 常 的 C.稳 定 的 D.合 适 的 CRachel Carson s most famous book,Silent Spring came out in 1962.In this book,she pointedout that the use of some kinds of pesticides(杀 虫 剂)like DDT would cause the number ofbirds to decline be

21、cause it would kill them as well.Finally,in November 1969,the UnitedStates government decided that the use of DDT must be stopped in two years.()3.The Chinese meaning of the word“decline“in this passage is probably”.A 增 加 B.减 少 C.维 持 D.翻 番D（文 章 同 主 旨 大 意 题 C 篇）4.The underlined word remuneratedv in t

22、he passage means”.A.trained B.praised C.accepted D.paidESkin（皮 肤）covers our bodies.Every time we move,our skin moves,too.Try this:Pullup the skin from the back of your hand and then let it go.What happens?The skin goes backto its first positon.That means that skin is elasticwe can move it and pull i

23、t but italways goes back.）5.What s the meaning of the underlined word“elastic“in the third paragraph?A.Able to move around or turn around.B.Able to become softer or harder when needed.C.Able to become thick or thin,but can t go back.D.Able to become larger and then go back to its usual size.三、逻 辑 推

24、理 题 ABags of LoveLast year,I worked in a middle school near my mother s house,and I stayed with herfor a month.During that time,I helped her do some housework and buy some food.After the first week,I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly.Then I begankeeping an eye on my mum.To my surprise,

25、I found that she would put some of the food intoa paper bag and go out with it at about nine every morning.And finally,I decided to followher.I saw her taking the food to the street children.She would also spend a lot of timetalking and playing with them.One day,I talked to a neighbor and found out

26、that my mum was well-known in the area.The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her as their own mother.Thenit hit me-why wouldn t she want to tell me about it?Was she worried that I would stopbuying food if I found out?When my mum got home,I gave her a big hug(拥 抱).I told her sh

27、e didn,t need to keepit a secret from me.And she told me something about the children.Some of them lived withan old lady in a small house.Others slept on the street.For years,she was helping thepoor street children by giving them food.After she told me everything,I was so moved byhow selfless(无 私 的)

28、she was.She helped others in need.As her son,I was so proud of mymum.I continued to buy food for my mum after that.But 1 always added one more bag for herother children.()1.The writer added one more bag of food to _.A.make friends with the children B.get a hug from his motherC.become well-known in t

29、he area D.help the poor street childrenBThe PrincessAndThe Frog4Tickets InformationDates:30th July 8th AugustMon Fri 10am,7pmSat-Sun 10am,2pm,7pmVenue:Esplanade TheatreDuration:1.5 hoursTicket$25 per child or adult(day shows)prices:$35 per child or adult(evening shows)Family Packages:$85 for 4 ticke

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31、o the theatre in the evening,they have to pay at leastdollars for the tickets.A.85 B.100 C.120 D.140CO ff the Beaten Cart PathThe best-selling travel book which includes over 200 new placesof interest,over 200 new full-color photographs,and all-new,up-to-date maps.It includes over 1,000 of the Unite

32、d States mostmust-see destinations(目 的 地).Cover Price:$30.00 Our Price:$19.80R&bnts二 ParentsThe most popular magazine for parents who want to raise smart andloving children.It has child development guidance,advice on yourchild,s health and safety,and the best way to encourage your child,slearning.Co

33、ver Price:$26.00 Our Price:$12.60P R O J E.C.T S耳 一；丁.鼻，三，l h-*.Best Weekend ProjectsThe projects（方 案）are chosen from 80 special ideas to create anunusual living space.They are practical,as well as creative.Theywill improve your home and yard and can be made on weekends.And themost important of all,

34、they are easy to follow.Cover Price:$17.95 Our Price:$13.90,TLUCKY.LuckyThe shopping magazine with the best buys,and the fashion tips（小 贝 占 士）.You 11 need them before you go to the stores.What makes Luckyreally special is that it gives you the information you need beforeanyone else has it.Cover Pric

35、e:$18.50 Our Price:$15.50）3.What do you think the passage is?A.An advertisement.B.A notice.C.A story.D.A report.四、主 旨 大 意 题 A（文 章 同 细 节 理 解 题 A 篇）1.The best title for this passage is.A.Gardens in the sea B.Projects for summer activitiesC.Plants in greenhouses D.Conditions for crop growingB（选 自 一 篇 文

36、 章 的 第 四 段）Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest.As aresult,countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally.Sometimes,firefighterseven start fires to get rid of（去 除）dead wood.Of course,they carefully control the fires.The fire thins out old trees

37、.This allows sunlight to reach the ground.As a result,fireshelp new trees to grow.Therefore,if a fire is not a serious threat（威 胁）to people,firefighters may let it burn naturally.（）2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?A.Fires are serious threats to human beings.B.Australian firefighters don,t put

38、out fires.C.Fires can play an important role in forests.D.It s difficult for firefighters to control the fires.CMaking a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life.So,choosing a jobis one of the most important decisions to make in 1ife.For my job,there are three important things that

39、I will consider:The first onethat I must work in an area I likeis most important to me.Someone oncesaid if you find a job that you enjoy,then you won t have to work another day.I wouldlike to work in an area where I can be more creative.I would like to be the most valuablemember there.All this is po

40、ssible only if I like what I do.The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems.I would like to stay in the same area for a long time.In order for th is to happen,the workmust provide enough problems.M ore than just working to live,I enjoy making a differe

41、nceand trying m y best for the whole progress.I would also like to be well remunerated for m yhard work,so I can lead a comfortable life with th is hard-won money.Then I can providethe best for m y family.The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help otherpeople.T

42、he work in m y mind is in fields such as the army,training or management.In suchareas,1 can help to develop the a b ilitie s of others and bring out th eir best.I t would bea most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be.W hen I becomeold,I would like to look back with

43、 a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of peoplehave become better persons through m y work.I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly.H e shoulddecide what he wants to be in the long run.Then,he should decide how he works towards it.H e should study the p

44、roper courses,read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons inthat field before making a job choice.A good choice will most probably lead to a betterlife.)3.W hat is the best t i t l e for the passage?A.M y Job ChoiceB.M y Favorite JobC.M y Comfortable LifeD.M y Sense of Satisfaction【精 讲 精 练】AWh

45、y are your study habits different from those of your friends?Why do you seem to learnfaster in some classes whi 1 e more slowly in others?One reason you may not know is that peoplehave different learning types.Scientists say there are three different learning types:Visual（视 觉 型），Auditory（听 觉 型）,and

46、Kinesthetic（动 觉 型）.Visual learners learn best by seeing.If you seem to easily remember information frompictures,graphs（图 表）and videos,you are probably a visual learner.You re not good atcopying down what the teacher says in class.Never mind.You can draw graphs or picturesinstead,if you find that wor

47、ks better for you.Auditory learners learn best by hearing.If you seem to easily remember things by hearingthem,then you are probably an auditory learner.You must listen carefully while the teacheris speaking because it s the easiest way for you to learn.Sometimes you may find that takingnotes stops

48、you from listening carefully.After class,you can write down what you rememberor borrow your friends notes to copy.Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing.If you seem to learn best by working with yourhands,you are probably a kinesthetic learner.Taking notes by writing can make you pay closeattentio

49、n to information as you receive it.Of course,you can learn best by making fulluse of labs or other class activities.Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is.（）1.There are different learning types according to the passage.A.two B.three C.four D.five（）2.Jude can remember th

50、e words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice.Shemight be a/an _ according to the passage.A.auditory learner B.visual learner C.strange leaner D.usuallearner（）3.Kinesthetic learners learn best by.A.remembering information from videosB.listening to teachers in classC.drawing graphs or pi