英语十六时态表格总结(例句).doc

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1、英语时态表 详细讲解-一般现在时通常以动词原形表示。主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式。动词be和have(表示“拥有)各人称的单数形式为： 第一人称单数 第二人称单数 第三人称单数Have Have Have HasBe Am Are is一般现在时的否认式、疑问式和简单答复形式如下：动词be 与 have表示“拥有：否认式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表：否认式 疑问式Be Have Be HaveI am not (Im not) I have not (havent) Am i? Have i?You are not (arent) You have no

2、t (havent) Are you? Have you?He is not (isnt) He has not (hasnt) Is he ? Has he ?动词be 的否认疑问式和简单答复：否认疑问式 肯定答复 否认答复Am I not (arent i)? Yes, you are. No, you arentAre you not (arent you)? Yes, I am. No, Im not.Is he not (isnt he)? Yes, he is. No, he isnt动词be 与 have(表示“拥有)：否认式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前

3、，见下表：否认式 疑问式Be Have Be HaveI am not (Im not) I have not (havent) Am i? Have I ?You are not (arent) You have not (havent) Are you ? Have you?He is not (isnt) He has not (hasnt) Is he ? Has he ?动词have(表示“拥有) 的否认疑问式和简单答复：否认疑问式 肯定答复 否认答复Have I not (havent i)? Yes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (

4、havent you)? Yes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (hasnt he)? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.注意：have 作为行为动词那么只能按照行为动词的规那么变化。行为动词以study为例一般现在时的否认式、疑问式和简单答复注意要加助动词do/does否认式 疑问式I do not (dont) study Do I studyYou do not (dont) study Do you studyHe does not (doesnt) study Does he study否认疑问句式 简单答复肯定/否认Do I n

5、ot (Dont I) study? Yes, I do. No, I dont.Do you not (Dont you) study? Yes, you do. No, you dont.Does he not (Doesnt he) study? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.英语时态表 详细讲解-现在进行时、一般过去时由助动词be 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，有三种形式：第一人称单数用am, 第三人称单数用is, 其他用are。现在进行时的否认式是：直接在助动词be后面加上not；疑问式是：把助动词be提到主语之前。以study 为例：否认式 疑问

6、式I am not studying Am I studying?You are not studying, Are you studying?He is not studying. Is he studying?一般过去时一般过去时通常由动词过去式表示。一般过去时的否认式、疑问式和简单答复形式要用助动词do 的过去式did, 同时注意实义动词要用原形。以study 为例，其否认式、疑问式和简单答复形式如下：否认式 疑问式I did not (didnt) study. Did I study?You did not (didnt) study. Did you study?He did no

7、t (didnt) study. Did he study?否认疑问式 简单答复 肯定/否认Did I not (Didnt I) study? Yes, you did. No, you didnt.Di you not (Didnt you) study? Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Did he not (Didnt he) study? Yes, he did. No, he didnt.英语时态表 详细讲解-过去进行时、过去完成时过去进行时由助动词be 的过去式 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，第一、第三人称单数用was，其他用were.1过去进行时动词主

8、要表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。过去进行时经常与过去时配合使用。例如：This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.老师在给我们上课时，汤姆走进教室。While we were having supper, all the lights went out. 我们吃饭的时候，灯灭了。He was reading while she was set

9、ting the table. 她摆桌子时，他在读书。It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天渐渐黑下来了。风势增强了。2过去进行时动词常用always, continually, frequently 等词连用，表示过去经常发生的行为。这种用法说明带有的感情色彩。例如：The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young. 两兄弟小时候常吵架。过去完成时一律用had + 过去分词构成。用法：1表示发生在过去某一时间或动作之前的事情，即“过去的过去。用过去完成时，必须有一个

10、过去的时间或动作来作参照，说明在此之前某事已发生。如果两个动作都是在过去发生的，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。例如：She told me she had been there three times before. 她告诉我她以前到过那里三次。“去过发生在“告诉之前How long had he taught here by the end of last term? 到上学期末为止，他在这里教学多长时间啦？ “教学发生在上学期末结束之前When we arrived, the football match had already begun. 我们到的时候，足球赛已经开始了。

11、She had visited China twice before she came this year. 她今年来中国之前已访问过中国两次了。2过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续到过去这一时刻或将继续下去。例如：By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years. 到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。By six oclock they had worked for eight hours. 到六点为止，他们已工作八小时了。When I came to Shangha

12、i, he had been there for a long time. 我到上海时，他在那里很长时间了。3过去完成时动词常用于间接引语和虚拟语气，我们以后会详细讲述。4此外，过去完成时常用于 no soonerthan 和 hardly(scarcely) when 这两个句型，前面局部用过去完成时，后面局部用一般过去时。例如：No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. 他

13、刚偷到钱包就被当场抓获。Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured. 萨达姆还没有意识到在发生什么事情就被抓获了。英语时态表 详细讲解-过去完成进行时 、一般将来时过去完成进行时had been + 动词的现在分词。用法：表示一直持续到过去某个时间的行为动作，此行为动作或刚结束、或还没结束可以从上下文看出。这一时态经常与一般过去时一起使用。例如：When he cam

14、e in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours. 他进来的时候，我一直在努力修理电视机好几个小时了The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days. 道路很危险。雨一直下了两整天。They were tired because they had been digging since dawn. 他们累了，因为从天亮开始他们就一直在挖。The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He

15、had been hoping for one for a long time. 那男孩得到一辆新山地自行车很快乐。很长时间来他一直希望有一辆。一般将来时一般将来时动词表示将来发生的动作或情况。主要有以下几种表现形式：1shall/will + 动词原形表示单纯的将来，不涉及主语的主观意愿。第一人称I, we用shall 或will，其余用will. 其否认式、疑问式和简单答复形式如下：否认式 疑问式I shall/will not study. Shall I study?You will not study. Will you study?He will not study. Will h

16、e study?否认疑问式 简单答复肯定/否认Shall I not (shant i) study? Yes, you will. No, you wont.Will you not (Wont you) study? Yes, I shall/will. No, I shant/wont.Will he not (Wont he) study.? Yes, he will. No, he wont.例如：I shall be twenty years old next year. 我明年二十岁。The sky is black. I think it will rain. 天黑下来了。我想

17、可能会下雨。You will meet him at the station this afternoon. 你下午会在车站碰到他。The train will arrive soon. 火车快要到了。When shall we see you next time? 我们下次什么时候能看见你呢？He probably wont go with us. ?他大概不能和我们一起去。注意：1shall, will的缩写形式为ll, 如Ill, youll, hell 和shell等。2will 用于第一人称时，可以表示将来的意愿、决心、允诺、命令等；shall用于第二、三人称时，可以表示说话人的将来

18、的意愿。例如：I will give you a new pen for your birthday. 我将送你一支新钢笔作为生日礼物。允诺I will take the college entrance examination. 我将参加大学入学考试。决心Shall I open the window?我翻开窗户好吗？征求允诺You shall have the book as soon as I get it. 我一拿到书就给你。说话人的允诺The enemy shall not pass.决不让敌人通过。说话人的保证I will do my best to help you.我愿意尽力帮

19、助你。意愿Nobody shall be late for the meeting. 任何人开会都不能迟到。说话人的命令2be going + 动词不定式1这种结构表示主表达在打算在最近或将来要做某事。这种打算往往是事先考虑好的。例如：My brother is going to learn English next year.我哥哥准备明年学英语。I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六点钟要到火车站去接汤姆。She is not going to be there.她不会到那儿去的。When are you going to fini

20、sh your work?你的工作什么时候做完？He is going to stay a week.他准备呆一星期。We are going to call a meeting to discuss it. 我们准备开个会来讨论一下。2这种结构还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能即将发生某事。例如：Look at these black clouds？it is going to rain. 看这些乌云？要下雨了。I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪。I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold. ?恐怕我要得重感冒

21、。英语时态表 详细讲解-将来进行时将来进行时shall/will be + 现在分词用法：将来进行时动词表示在将来某一段时间内将会发生的动作。This time next week we shall be working in that factory. 下星期这时候，我们将在那个工厂劳动。When I get up tomorrow morning, my mother will be getting breakfast for me. 当我明天早晨起床时，我妈妈将在为我准备早饭。I will be seeing him next month.我下个月将要见他。Tomorrow we wil

22、l be going to the village fair.?我们明天去赶集。We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.七月份我们要去海边度假。一般将来时与将来进行时都表示将来，那么如何区别一般将来时和将来进行时呢？将来进行时不表示个人意愿，强调主观上感觉某事即将发生，并对这一事情有着期待，感情色彩较浓，强调动作。一般将来时主要是对某一事情即将发生做一个事实性的说明或陈述，强调事实或意愿。英语时态表 详细讲解-过去将来时、将来完成时过去将来时1由should/would + 动词原形构成。第一人称用should; 第二、三人称用

23、would。美国英语所有人称一律用would. should/would 的简略形式为d, 如Id, youd; would not 和should not的简略形式分别为wouldnt 和shouldnt.2过去将来时表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用在宾语从句中。还可以表示过去的倾向或过去经常发生的事情。如：They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. 他们问我是否很快要去广州。She told me she would come again next week. 她和我说她下周还来。I told him to leave immedia

24、tely, but he wouldnt. 我告诉他马上离开，但他不。Hed play the violin when he was in low spirits. 他情绪低落的时候，就拉小提琴。When I was in college, I would find a part-time job during the summer holidays every year to earn my tuition. 我上大学的时候，每年暑假都找份临时工挣学费。3其他表示过去将来时的结构：将来完成时shall/will + have + 过去分词用法：将来完成时动词主要表示在将来的某一时刻或将来的某

25、一时刻之前完成的动作，这一动作也可能继续进行。例如：By seven oclock this afternoon we shall have got to Shanghai if the train keeps good line. 如果火车运行正常，我们今天下午七点就到上海了。Before bedtime Xiao Ming will have completed his work. 到上床睡觉的时候，小明会做完他的工作或作业。By February next year this foreign expert will have been here on this job for five years. 到明年二月，这个外国专家在这儿做这项工作就满五年了。By Sept. 2021 Beijing will have held/hosted the Olympic Games. ?到2021年9月，北京将举行完了奥运会。