2019年全国各地方卷高考英语真题及答案.pdf

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1、绝 密 启 用 前 2019年 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 全 国 统 一 考 试（北 京 卷）英 语(考 试 时 间：100分 钟 试 卷 满 分：120分)考 生 务 必 将 答 案 答 在 答 题 卡 上，在 试 卷 上 作 答 无 效。考 试 结 束 后，将 本 试 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 一 部 分：知 识 运 用(共 两 节，4 5分)第 一 节 语 法 填 空(共 10小 题；每 小 题 1.5分，共 15分)阅 读 下 列 短 文，根 据 短 文 内 容 填 空，在 未 给 提 示 词 的 空 白 处 仅 填 写 1个 适 当 的 单 词，在 给 出 提 示

2、 词 的 空 白 处 用 括 号 内 所 给 词 的 正 确 形 式 填 空。AOnthe first day ofmy first grade,I stood by the door withbutterflies in my stomach.IJ(voice)mybiggest concern to my mother.How will I make friends?She handed me advice.Be yourself.MForthepast 20 years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become

3、 part of the real world.Nervously 2(face)challenges,Iknow I will whisper to 3(I)the two simple words u Be yourself 0.BEarth Day,4(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness aboutenvironmental protection.First celebrated 5 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190cou

4、ntries and regions(地 区).No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various_6(activity)on Earth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or savepower-the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the que

5、stion 7(suggest)that,for most students,it doesnt.What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.The students benefitting most from college are those5are totally engagedC 参 与)in academic life,takingfull advantage of the college chances andreso urces(资 源).Students should have a p

6、roper attitudetowards college before thinking about which college to attend,and its never too early to make necessarypreparations for a healthy and 10(meaning)college experience.第 二 节 完 形 填 空(共 2 0小 题；每 小 题 1.5分，共 3 0分)阅 读 下 面 短 文，掌 握 其 大 意，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中，选 出 最 佳 选 项，并 在 答 题 卡 上 将 该 项

7、 涂 黑。Regardless of the weather orthe distance,Paul Wilson will make sure low-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhood arriveat their college classes on time.A retired engineer,76-year-old Wilson has been 11 free rides to college students for the第 1页past eight years.Since he first started 12 his car to the y

8、oung people.Wilson has 13 amastonishing 64,000 miles,and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 14 with the studentshe transports to and from schooLThe students who hes 15 have gone on to become physicians,teachers and engineers,but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding

9、a role model andafriend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him”Grandpa.Tina Stern 17 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college,and the trips meant muchmore to her than just free 8 _.Its not just a ride；youre not just sitting there in 19 silence or withyour headphones on.n Stern said.He asks y

10、ou questions and actually 20 the answers,so the nexttime you ride with him,hell 21 those things.1Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profitorganization,On Point for College.Although the 22 asks the members only to drive students to andfrom their classes,Wil

11、son often goes 23 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.If they haveproblems with registration.Wilson is there to 24 them.If they run out of certain daily necessities.Wilson will drive to thenearest store and purchase whats needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from sc

12、hool,Wilson never 25 to buy them a meal.For many students,Wilsons help is not only appreciated,ifs also entirely 26 for them to beable to complete their college ed ucation.Some students dont have a reliable car,while others have to27_ vehicles with parents who work six days a week.For them,riding wi

13、th Wilson has 28 them tocomplete their educationbut according to Wilson,he benefits just as much from the 29.u I justlove drivingand I love these kids,uWilson said.Its such a(n)30 to be a part of these kids9 lives,even just for a few hours,getting to know them and hearing their stories.111.A.linking

14、 B.sending C.offering D.distributing12.A.donating B.lending C.delivering 0.volunteering13.A.paved B.covered C.measured D.wandered14.A.arguments B.interviews C.negotiations D.wandered15.A.met B.driven C.addressed D.conversationsI6.A.even B.ever C.once D.already17.A.earned B.received C.assessed D.dema

15、nded18.A.transportation B.style Cmunication19.A.forced B.awkward C.ridiculous D.suspicious20.A.selects B.recites C.guesses D.remembers21.A.acton B.settleon C.checkon D.agree on22.A.club B.league C.college D.programme23.A.far B.around C.beyond.forwards24.A.assist B.watch C.urge D.warn25.A.expects B.a

16、ttempts C.manages D.hesitates26.A.extra B.unusual C.necessary第 2页 D.adequate27.A.share B.fuel28.A.required29.A.experience30.A.effortB.allowedB.arrangementB.ambitionC.repairC.remindedD.exchange0.convincedC.appreciationC.privilegeD.employment.convenience第 二 部 分：阅 读 理 解（共 两 节，4 0分）第 一 节（共 15小 题；每 小 题 2

17、 分，共 3 0分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中,选 出 最 佳 选 项，并 在 答 题 卡 上 将 该 项 涂 黑。Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).Whatever stage of life youre at,wherever you go and whatev

18、er project you do in GDA,youll create positive changes in a poor andremote community(社 区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Nowwe need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective runningof our programmes

19、.We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communicationofficers.Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a communitys access to safedrinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challengeto train young volunteers.

20、Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,youll also learn new skills andincrease your cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people wholl become yourlifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：CountrySchedule4-week programmes 7-week pr

21、ogrammesAlgeria 5 Jul.一 lAug.20Jun.7Aug.Egypt 24 Jul.20 Aug.19Jun.6 Aug.Kenya 20 Jul.一 16Aug.18 Jun.5 Aug.South Africa 2Aug.29 Aug.15 Jun.一 2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where ourhelp is needed.All our projects aim to promote the development

22、of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop yourown skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Wdsiteiwww.glodeve.orgEmai:humanresourcesglodeve.org31.What is the main respons

23、ibility of volunteer managers?第 3页A.To seek local partners.B.To take in young volunteers.C.To carry out programmes.D.To foster cultural awareness.32.The programme beginning in August will operate in.A.Egypt B.Algeria C.Kenya D.South Africa33.The shared goal of GDAs projects is to.A.explore new cultu

24、res B.protect the environmentC.gain corporate benefits D.help communities in needBAlice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创 业 者），who in May 2015 set up herbusiness AilieCandy.By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of dollarswith the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids

25、eeth,instead of destroyingthem.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing,she was offereda candy bar.However,her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.ButMoore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning,HWhycant I make a hea

26、lthy candy thats good fbr my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?With that inmind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she dosome research and talk to dentists about whata healthier candy would contain.With her dads permission,she spent the next two

27、 years researching online and conducting trials toget a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more aboutteethcleaning.Consequently,she succeededinmaking akind of candy only using naturalsweeteners,whichcanreduce oralbacteria.Moore then used her savings t

28、o get her business of the ground.Afterwards,she and her fathersecured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner,who finally agreed to sellM oore product-CanCandy.As CanCandy?s success grows,so docs Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore isenthusiastic about the candy she create

29、d,and sh es also positive about what the future might bring.Shehopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile,with her parents help,Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Althoughshe founded her company early on in life,she wasnt driven primarily by profit.Moo

30、re wants to use herunique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10%of AilieCandys profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination,it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.34.How did Moore react to her dads warning?A.She argued with him.C.She paid no attention.

31、35.What is special about CanCandy?A.It is beneficial to dental health.B.She tried to find a way out.D.She chose to consult dentists.B.It is free of sweeteners.C.It is sweeter than other candies.D.It is produced to a dentists recipe.36.What does Moore expect from her business?第 4页A.To earn more money

32、.C.To make herself stand out.B.To help others find smiles.D.To beat other candy companies.37.What can we learn from Alice Moore?s story?A.Fame is a great thirst of the young.B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.C.Positive thinking and action result in success.D.Success means getting personal des

33、ires satisfied.CThe problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls fromnumbers they dont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺 诈）.We are finallywaking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps an

34、dapproaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,ifs too little,too late.Bythe time these solutions*（解 决 方 案）become widely available,scammers will have moved ontocleverer means.In the near future,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will bein dou

35、bt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation（处 理）and automationtechnologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this years I/O Conferencecompany showed a new voice technology

36、 able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice thatit was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.Thereason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than pre

37、cision.A decade of databreaches（数 据 侵 入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn yourmothers name,and far more.AriTied with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targetedcampaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer could call yo

38、u from what looks tobe a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers,trickingyou into confirming”your address,mothers name,and card number.Scammers follow money,socompanies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of i

39、t is based ontrust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumersneed to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might meaneither

40、developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications-using apps likeFaceTime or WhatsApp,which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the prob

41、lem is only going to get harder from here onout.38.How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.39.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers c a n.第 5页A.aim at victims precisely B.damage databases easilyC.start campai

42、gns rapidly D.spread information widely40.What does the passage imply?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Technologies can be double-edged.C.There are more solutions than problems.D.Credibility holds the key to development.41.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Where the Prob

43、lem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of TechnologyDBy the end of the century,if not sooner,the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to awanning climate,according to a n

44、ew study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海 洋 微 生 4%）calledphytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourfulpatterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type andconcentration of

45、 phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide（二 氧 化 碳）into the oceanwhile giving off oxygen.When these organisms die

46、,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an importantprocess that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceanswanning trend.Wanning changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to g

47、row,but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MITs Center fbr Global Change Science,built a climate modelthat projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3,it found thatmultiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that

48、 currently blue areaswith little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,awarming will make conditions riper fbr phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.Not only arethe quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,she said,but the type of phy

49、toplankton isch an g in g.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin todisappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,n it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes t

50、he ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradualand unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.Itll be a while before we can statisticallyshow that the changes are happening because of climate change,Dutkiewicz said,but the change in第 6页the colour of the ocean will b