专题22.语法填空解题技巧（复习讲义）解析版--中考英语备考考前加强练.docx

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1、专题22.语法填空解题技巧(复习讲义)语法填空的考查形式是在一个语篇文本中，设10个空，设空分为给提示词和不给提示词两类。给提示词的，答 案不多于3个词;无提示词的，答案只有一个词。考法一给提示词考生需要根据上下文和句子结构,确定设空处所填词的词性、形式。考点1考查动词1.设空处是谓语动词的，考虑该词的时态和语态。彳列 1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned videocalling over the Internet. It(invent) for people to see each other whil

2、e talking online.答案 is invented/was invented解析 第二句中的主语It指代的是前文提到的video calling,与动词invent是被动关系。彳列 2 Last week, he(come)to visit us in Canada.答案 came解析 根据Last week可判断时态为一般过去时，主语he与come之间是主动关系，因此使用come的过去式cameo2,设空处如果不是谓语动词，就有可能是动词的非谓语形式例 1 Su Yu-shan, the manager of the store, says the environment can

3、 helppeople learn to do “soul(灵魂)reading by(provide) a private experience with each book that draws ones attention.答案 providing解析设空处前为介词by,介词后接动名词形式。彳列 2 Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how(play) chess online.答案to play解析how 与how to use是并列结构，作谓语动词taught的宾语。考点2考查名词首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果

4、是可数名词,还需要确定用单数还是复数形式。彳列 Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of(friend) on the Internet at the same time.答案 friends解析 提示词friend是可数名词，且设空处前出现a lot of,因此使用其复数形式。考点3考查形容词如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词或短语时，则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比如形容词比较 级前经常会有much,even,a little,a bit等关键词或短语出现，后会有than出现。彳列 My gr

5、andfather is much (happy) than before.答案 happier解析 提示词为形容词,设空处前出现关键词much,且空后出现than,因此要使用形容词的比较级形式。考点4考查代词1 .考查物主代词。设空处后出现名词,常考查形容词性物主代词。解析一题干中lifestyle前使用形容词性物主代词their,注意句首单词首字母大写。例 The San people have another name一bush people”.(they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and pl

6、ants than most people do.答案Their2 .考查人称代词例 But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with(he).答案him解析 提示词为代词，设空处作with的宾语，因此使用人称代词he的宾格。3 .考查反身代词彳列 Now,she enjoys(her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression on her face.答案 hersel

7、f解析enjoy oneself过得开心，为固定短语,oneself和主语she保持一致，故填herselfo考点5词性转换1 .动词转换为形容词彳列 After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt (relax).答案 relaxed解析 本句的主语是I,felt后接形容词作表语,因此填形容词relaxedo2 .名词转换为形容词彳列 With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a (comfort) new home after o

8、nly four months.答案 comfortable解析 提示词是名词，设空处修饰其后的名词home,因此要将其转化为形容词形式3 .形容词转换为副词彳列 The bookstore is almost(complete) dark, except for the shelves of books.答案 completely解析 本句考查副词作状语，修饰形容词dark,表示书店“几乎完全是黑的，所以填completelyo4 .动词转换为名词例 Su Yu-shan, the(manage) of the store, says the environment can help peo

9、ple learn to do “soul(灵魂）reading by providing a private experience with each book that draws ones attention.答案 manager解析 设空处补充说明Su Yu-shan是书店的经理，且设空处前出现冠词the,冠词the修饰名词，故填manager。考法二无提示词无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副词、作形式主语或宾语的it等。考点1考查冠词填写不定冠词时，注意其后单词若以元音音素开头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用ao例J 1 The other day, we chatted wi

10、th my grandmother, and mentioned video calling over the Internet. It was invented for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with idea.解析 设空后为单数可数名词idea,在本句中表示泛指，前面用不定冠词,idea以元音音素开头，不定冠词用ano答案an例 2 I took him tocomputer in my room and said, “Right here.答案the解析 题干中的in my room修

11、饰限定computer,因此设空处表特指，答案为定冠词。考点2考查连词并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空，一般填入的连词有and,but,or,so。若句子之间为从属关系，则填从属连词。例 it might not be for everyone, Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.答案 Although/ThoughAVhile解析 由语境可知,逗号前后为让步关系，设空处表示“尽管、即使工故可填Although/Though/While。注意句 首单词首字母大写。

12、考点3考查介词介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。彳列 Grandpa, someone is waiting you to play chess J I went to him and said.答案for解析 wait for是固定搭配，意为“等候”。考点4考查副词副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现，比如:put off（推迟）,turn on（打开）,take off（起飞）等。例 I climbedof my tent and looked out at the mountain.答案out解析climb out of从爬出来。考点5考查it的用法彳列 is necessary to

13、encourage kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life.解析It在句子中是形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语。“Itis+形容词+ to do是常见表达。答案It(2021日照)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空不多于三个单词)。When I was in school, I volunteered to work in a hospital for some time.On one visit, I carefully entered a dark

14、room to find an elderly man (lie) in bed. I firstly thought he was sleeping. When I moved 2 (close), however, I realized he was very much awake. He wanted to communicate something, but I couldn*t make sense of what he 3 (say). He seemed quite weak, and I couldnt tell if he was in pain, or just frigh

15、tened. I knew nothing about him, and I felt totally helpless. He clearly didnt want me 4 (leave) him, but I felt so lost and uncomfortable that I had to leave the room after only a couple of 5 (minute).The next time I was at 6 hospital and saw him again, I was certain he didnt remember me. But he 7

16、(immediate) said, I remember you. You gave me hope in my darkest hour that evening!” I was so 8 (amaze) that I didnt know how to answer.In the short moment of my staying there, I did nothing at all. 9 surprisingly he found in me something he needed, just because I was there.I have thought about this

17、 thing often over the past years. 10 makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to make it out and appreciate (欣赏)it.这是一篇记叙文。作者上学时曾经在医院当志愿者。一次在医院里他无意之中带给了一个老人希望，这 让他想要尽可能地对别人善良。1 .lying 根据下文I firstly thought he was sleeping.可知老人正躺在床上,find sb. doing sth.意为“发现某人正在 做某事”,故填lying

18、o2 .closer根据上下文可知作者开始以为老人在睡觉，走近一点才知道他醒着，故填比较级closer。3 .was saying前面一句说老人想要说点什么,但是我听不懂，说明是听不懂老人正在说的话，应该用过去进行 时，故填 was saying o4 .to leave 固定搭配 want sb. to do sth.,故填 to leave。5 .minutes前面的a couple of意为“几个“，所以此处要用名词复数。故填minuteso6 .the根据下文的saw him again可知,与前面提到的是同一家医院，表示特指，故填定冠词the。7.immediately 根据句子结构

19、可知这里要用副词修饰动词said,故填immediately。8.amazed so后面接形容词或副词，根据句子结构可知was后面用形容词，此处表示我感到吃惊，故填amazedo 9.But作者什么也没有做，但是老人在他身上发现了自己需要的某种东西,此处表示转折，且句首字母应该大 写，故填Buto10.lt根据上下文可知这件事让我想要尽可能地对别人善良，应该使用人称代词it来指代这件事，因为在句首,故填Ito(2021烟台)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Twitter Bryan and his wife Jessica love animals. When

20、they were helping out in a local pet rescue(救助)store, they made friends with a cat 1 (call) Wyatt. They decided to take it home 2 (make) it feel special and loved.Wyatt liked to watch birds from the window. However, birds seldom show themselves during the winter months, so Bryan came up with 3 idea

21、to solve this problem. He searched 4 some bird videos and showed them to Wyatt. Wyatt loved the videos very much.In order to let Wyatt live more comfortably, Bryan decided to give it something more-its own bedroom. After 5(look) around their house, Bryan found that the roof could 6 (change) into Wya

22、tts room. He was excited at the thought. It will be a perfect place in our tiny house J Bryan said.Bryan built a bed from 7 (piece) of wood while Jessica cut up old pillows(枕头)to use as a mattress(床垫). After that, they prepared some old balls for Wyatt to play with. Although they used mostly recycle

23、d materials, the tiny bedroom was 8 (true) wonderful. It was Wyatts 9 (person) bedroom. Wyatt spent a lot of time there. Wyatt really enjoyed it as much as a kid 10 finally got his own bedroom. Now, Wyatt is living happily with the couple.这是一篇记叙文。Twitter Bryan和他的妻子Jessica喜爱动物。当他们在当地一家宠物救助店帮忙时，他 们把一只

24、名叫Wyatt的猫带回家，给它看它喜欢的录像,又给它建起了自己的房间。现在Wyatt和这对夫妇幸 福地生活在一起。1 .called根据句意可知猫的名字叫Wyatto此处应用过去分词短语作定语，故填called。2 .to make根据上下文可知他们把猫带回家是为了让它感到特别和被爱,动词不定式表目的，故填to make。 3.an idea为可数名词单数，前面用不定冠词an。4 .for固定搭配search for意为“搜索”。5 .looking介词后面应该接动名词作宾语,after为介词，故填looking。6 .be changed根据句子结构可知Bryan发现屋顶可以被改成Wyatt的房间，应该用被动语态。情态动词后接 动词原形，故填be changedo7 .pieces piece为可数名词，前面没有限定词，应该用复数，故填pieceso8 .truly设空处的作用是修饰后面的形容词wonderful,副词修饰形容词，故填trulyo9 .personal修饰名词bedroom应该用形容词，故填personalo10 .who根据句子结构和句意可知本句表示“Wyatt真的很喜欢它，就像一个终于有了自己卧室的孩子一样， 后面为定语从句,先行词a kid指人，关系代词用whoo