高考英语基础必背短语知识点归纳梳理2023.docx

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1、高考英语基础必背短语知识点归纳梳理2023高考英语必背短语知识点归纳梳理一周两次twiceaweek两倍那么多:twiceasmanyas,twicebiggerthan,twicethesize/length/width一、两天adayortwo,oneortwodays再两周时间anthertwoweeks,twomoreweeksmanyastudenthasabook总而言之inaword有能力做某事情beabletodosth.,becapableofdoing怎么样whataboutdoing/howaboutdoing当即将要做某事情beabouttodosthwhen尤其是,最

2、重要的是aboveall缺席,不在beabsentfrom全神贯注于某事情beabsorbedindoingsth.主观接受:accept客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西)receive有权利做某事情haveaccesstosth.意外的byaccident=bychance交通事故thetrafficaccident根据accordingto考虑takesth.intoaccount因为,由于onaccountof=becauseof后面跟名词,不跟句子指责某人某事情accusesbofsth指控某人某事情chargesbwithsth钦佩某人某事情admiresbforsth责备某人某事情

3、scoldsbforsth,blamesbforsth,sbbetoblameforsthbeusedtodosth.被用来做某事情usedtodo过去常常做某事情be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事情达到目标achievethegoalacross穿过,和on有关,指从上面,上方穿过,through穿过和in有关,从里面,内部穿walkacrossthestreet/bridge,walkthroughtheforests担当,充当actas,执行acton采取行动takeaction/takemeasurestodosth在某方面积极beactivein积极参加takean

4、activepartin=joininadaptto适应,adoptsth/sb领养某人,采纳某事情beauty/difficulty把加到上addto除了以外(还有)inadditionto=apartfrom=besides(看见also,else,other选besides)足够的,适当的adequate承认做某事情admitdoingsth,否认做某事情denydoingsth允许入内,被录取进入学校beadmittedinto/toschool预先,提前inadvance,aheadoftime利用takeadvantageof,makeuseof,bymeansofadvice,n

5、ews,information为不可数名词给某人忠告givesbadviceonsth,听取某人的忠告takeonesadviceaffect动词,影响effect名词,影响对有重大影响haveabigeffectonafford动词,买得起,常跟在can,could,beableto后面有足够的金钱做某事情canaffordsth/todosthbeafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事情;beafraidtodosth不敢做某事情afterall毕竟,终究inthemorning;onSundaymornings以某人的年龄来说foronesage答应做某事情agreetodosth,

6、同意某人的观点agreewithsb/whatsbsaid(气候,食物)的适合agreewiththeclimate对意见一致agreeonsthalive形容词,活着的,做表语,sbbealive某人是活着的,amanalive活着的人catchsbalive活捉某人living形容词,活着的,做定语,thelivingpeople活着的人,live形容词,现场的broadcastlive现场直播lively形容的,充满活力的,灵敏的forall尽管,firstofall首先,aboveall尤其重要的是,inall总共,afterall毕竟,终究allovertheworld世界各地区,n

7、otatall一点也不允许某人做某事情allow/permitdoingsth,allow/permitsbdoingsth,sbbeallowed/permittedtodosth几乎不almostnot=notnearly=hardly=scarcelyThemanlivesalone,buthedoesntfeellonely.和相处很好,进展很好getalong/onwellwithsb/sth颂读课文readaloudthetext,说出声音来speakaloud吵闹的,喧哗的loudly除以外别无选择havenochoicebuttodosth老是做某事情bealwaysdoing

8、sth对惊讶beamazedat,besurprisedat,beastonishedat对满意bepleasedwith,behappywith,besatisfiedwith对愤怒beangryabout/atsth,beangrywithsbforsth对严厉bestrictwithsbinsth,behardonsb对担心beworriedabout,beanxiousabout对感到惭愧beshamedofsth,beshyofsth渴望做某事情beeagertodosth,beanxioustodosth渴望得到某物longforsth,hopeforsth,bedyingfors

9、th,beanxiousforsth修饰不可数名词:alargeamountof,agreatdealof,alargesumof,alittle,little修饰可数名词:agreatnumberof,few,afew,several两者皆可修饰:alotof,lotsof,plentyof,thenumberof(的数量)每年的,年刊annual一个接一个oneafteranother接电话answerthecall,回信answertheletter/replytotheletter/writetosb对负责answerfor=beresponsiblefor任何的一家书店anybook

10、storeanyway无论怎么样anyhow不管怎么说为某事情向某人道歉apologizetosbforsth吸引appealtosb=attractsb=sthcatchoneseyeappeartodosth,appeartobedoingsth,appeartohavedonesthItseems/seemedthatThereseems/seemedtobe从外表判断judgefrom/byonesappearance向某人申请applytosbforsth,把应用于/涂在上applyto欣赏/感激做某事情appreciatedoingsth,如果我会不胜感激Iwouldappreci

11、ateitif和某人就某事情争吵arguewithsbaboutsthlookaround环顾,showsbaround带领某人参观安排某人做某事情arrangeforsbtodosthlatearriveat+小地点(airport),arrivein+大地点(Shanghai),arrivehome,arrive一件工艺品aworkofart假花artificialflower,假牙falseteethasheisateacher=teacherasheis,asheisyoung=youngasheis(as解释为虽然=though)ashegrowsup随着年龄的长大,asweallk

12、now众所周知as+形容词+as和一样,notso+形容词+as和不一样asfarasIknow就我所知,aslongas只要aswellas也askaftersb问候某人,askforsb请求某人,askforhelp请求帮忙fallasleep入睡,gotobed上床睡觉,gotosleep入眠,feelsleepy感觉瞌睡把和联想在一起beassociatedwithsth我向你保证Iassureyouthat,assuresbofsth向某人保证心脏病heartattack企图做某事情makeanattempttodosth出席典礼attendtheceremony,上学attends

13、chool注意payattentiontosth/doingsthalarge/smallaudience一大/小批听/观众,500个观众anaudienceoffivehundred可取得的,可采用的sthisavailabletosbaverage平均的:onaveragenormal正常的,通常指精神,体温正常:normaltemperatureordinary普通的,指地位普通ordinarypeople,ordinarymedicineusual惯例的,通常的asusual,theusualtime,attheusualplace试图避免做某事情trytoavoiddoingsth意

14、识到beawareof=realizeaward动词:授予,给予报酬,名词:奖品awardsbsth=awardsthtosbrewardn./v.报答,奖赏rewardsbwithsthforsth凡是指婴儿和电话用语中都用it回顾历史lookbackintohistory对是有害的bebadfor/beharmfulto/doharmto非常需要need/want/requiresthbadly保持生态平衡keepthebalanceofnature禁止某人做某事情bansbfromdoingsth=forbidsbtodosth以为基础baseon,忙于做某事情bebusyindoing

15、sth,被覆盖becoveredwith在海滩上onthebeach,在农场里inthefarm,在操场attheplayground在田野里inthefields,不能忍受某人做某事情cantbear/standdoingsth,不能理解某事情cantunderstanddoingsth牢记bear/keepsthinmind动动脑筋useonesbrainsbeatsbby3:1以3:1击败某人,theheartbeat心脏跳动,beattimes打拍子notbut不是而是notbecausebutbecause不是因为而是因为还要很长时间Itwillbealongtimebefore+句

16、子(用一般现在时)不久就Itwontbealongtimebefore+句子(用一般现在时)自从以来Itis/hasbeen5yearssince+句子(用过去时)由开始beginwith,在一开始atthebeginningofbehaviourn.行为,举止,habitn.个人习惯,mannersn.礼貌,customsn.风俗习落后,落伍fallbehind,落后于时代behindthetimesthenews,thetruth,thefact,theidea后用that引导同位语从句信不信由你believeitornot,坦率地说franklyspeaking=tobefrank属于b

17、elongto(无进行时,无被动)Thebookbelongstome.受益,获益于benefitfrom/benefitsbalot最好做某事情hadbetterdosth/hadbetternotdosthItisbettertodosth/Itisbetternottodosthnotabit=notatall一点也不,notalittle=very非常一只眼失明beblindinoneeye对厌烦beboredwith=betiredof=befedupwithborrowsthfromsb从某人那里借进某物,lendsthtosb向某人借出某物buysthfromsb向某人买某物,b

18、uysthforsb为某人买了某物breadandbutter,whenandwhere,knifeandfork,lawandorder,eachmanand(each)woman,everyboyand(every)girl以上词组做主语,谓语动词用单数违反法律breakthelaw,闯入breakinto,(战争,火灾的)爆发breakout机器坏了,精神垮了breakdown屏住呼吸catch/holdonesbreath,上气不接下气outofbreath河上的桥thebridgeovertheriver,桌上的书thebookonthedeskbringsbup抚养某人=raise

19、sb,sbgrowup某人长大成人突然大笑burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing,突然大哭burstintotears=burstoutcryingdobusiness做生意,beonbusiness在出差忙于做某事情bebusyindoingsth=bebusywithsth按小时得到工资getpaidbythehourcallfor需要,callon号召,呼吁,calloff取消,callonsb=callatsp拜访保持镇静remaincalm,冷静下来calmdowncanthelpdoingsth情不自禁去做某事情,canthelpbutdosth只能去

20、做某事canthelp(to)dosth不能去做某事情,canttoo太也不过分carefor=takecareof照顾,喜欢,careabout关心,在乎职业,生涯career小心becareful=lookout=watchoutcarryon继续做某事情,carryout执行,carrysthwithsb随身携带某物carrythenewsonthepaper在报纸上刊登消息,incase以防万一+句子(用should+动词原型),incaseof+n.以防万一,遇到的inthatcase如果那样的话,innocase决不抓住某人的手臂catchsbbythearm,打在某人的脸上bea

21、tsbintheface打在某人的鼻子上hitsbonthenose,牵某人的手takesbbythehandcatchthetrain赶上火车,catchupwithsb追上,赶上某人,catchacold感冒catchsbdoingsth抓住某人正在做某事情,becaughtintherain淋雨,becaughtinthetrafficjam遇到交通阻塞causeandeffect因果关系,的原因thecauseof,thereasonfor使某人做某事情causesbsth=causesbtodosthChancesarethat很可能Thereisnopossibilityofdoi

22、ngsth做某事情没有可能性inchargeof掌管,inthechargeofsb由某人掌管骗某人东西cheatsb(out)ofsth,偷某人东西stealsthfromsb抢劫某人东西robsbofsthcheatatexamscheckin登记入住,上机checkout结帐离开,出境使某人振作精神cheersbup儿童节childrensday有day无the可供选择的五对fivepairstochoosefrom/fivepairstobechosen在圣诞节atChristmas在圣诞前夕onChrismasDaysEve自称是，声称是claimtobesth天气放晴，疑团解开cl

23、earup把.弄清楚makesthclear=makeitcleartodo/that靠近beclosetosth让门关着withthedoorclosed让门开着withthedooropen布料cloth衣服clothes衣物clothing案子的线索thecluetothecase练习的答案thekeytotheexercise问题的解决方法thesolutiontotheproblem门的钥匙thekeytothedoor电影院的入口theentrancetothecinema集邮collectstamps筹款collect/raisemoney只要onconditionthat=as

24、longas对.有信心haveconfidencein=beconfidentof向某人祝贺某事congratulatesbonsth把.看作considersbtobe=considersbas考虑做某事considerdoingsth和某人接触contactsb=makecontactwithsb某人方便的话Itisconvenienttosbtodosth159.生活费thecostofliving不惜一切代价atallcosts什么使某人付出什么代价shtcostsbsth某人付钱买什么sbpaymoney/timetodosth花费某人去Ittakessbsomemoney/time

25、todosth在.过程中in/duringthecourseof书的封面thecoverofthecourseof桌子的表面thesurfaceofthedesk挤满becrowdedwith做某事毫无用处Itsnousedoingsth=Itsnotusefultodo对感到好奇becuriousabout削减/砍伐cutdown割去/断绝cutoff插嘴cutin=interruptdamage(修饰sth,损坏，毁坏)wound(修饰sb刀伤,抢伤)destroy(修饰sth破坏,.消灭)injured(修饰sb指事故受伤)hurt(修饰sb指心灵情感受伤)看见theotherday/a

26、go用过去时sthdealwithsb/sth(How)dowithsth(What)做出决定makeadecision=makeuponesmindtodosth=decidetodo满足需求meetonesneeds/demands依靠dependon冲洗底片developthefilmthedevelopedcountry发达国家thedevelopingcountry发展中国家theexcitedboy兴奋的男孩thefallenleaves落叶theretiredworker退休工人175.随着的发展withthedevelopmentof致力于devoteoneself/timet

27、odoingsth死于疾病dieofadisease死于刀伤diefromwoundA和B在方面不同differAfromBin/AisdifferentfromBin有所差别makeadifference觉得做某事有困难havedifficulty/troubleindoingsth不辞辛劳去做某事takethetroubletodosth.稍远一些atadistance在远处inthedistance把.分成divideinto把隔开isolatefrom把分开separatefromIdontdoubtthatIdoubtwhen/what/whether由于病倒了bedownwithf

28、ivedozen/hundred/thousanddozens/hundreds/thousandsof梦想做dreamofdoing穿着bedressedin某人自己穿衣dressoneself/sbEachofushasabookWeeachhavebooks谋生earn/makeoneslivingeffective效的efficient高效的推选某人做主席electsbchairman(职位名词前不加冠词)使某人能够做某事enablesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事encouragesbtodosthenergyn.能量，活力，精力fullofenergyforcen.武力workfo

29、rcestrengthn.力气havestrengthtodosthbeengagedinsth忙着做某事beengagedtosb与某人订婚说英语的国家English-speakingcountry英语口语spokenEnglishsomethinginterestingoldenoughtodosthequipsbwithsth/providesthforsbsupplysbwithsth/supplysthtosboffersbsth/offersthtosbeventhough/if即使asthough/if似乎，好像eversince自从以来每隔一天everyotherday每三周e

30、verythreeweeks除了之外，只得做某事donothingexcept/butdosth原谅某人做某事excuseonesdoingsthexcusesbfordoingsth期待某人做某事expecttodosth/expectsbtodosthhopetodosth/hopethat+句子(用will/would+V.)wanttodosthwishtodosth/withthat+句子(用过去时/haddone/would+V.)wishsbsthSthisexpensive/cheapThepriceishigh/lowexpand扩大expandthebusinessexte

31、nd延伸extendtheroad某方面专家theexpertinsth解释explaindoingsthexplaintosb.sth事实上infact=asamatteroffact不能/没有做某事failtodosth.相当，十分fairly修饰褒义词fairlywellrathertoo=muchtoo=fartoorathe修饰比较级arathercoldday=ratheracoldday(贬义词)quite修饰il,im,in开头的单词befamiliarwith熟悉befamiliartosb为某人所熟悉的besimilarto与相似/thesameas以而著名befamous

32、/knowfor+原因befamous/knownas+职业Far修饰比较级，byfar多用于修饰最高级以为生feedon=liveononlyafew=few只有几个quictafew=many许多充满befilledwith=with=befullof完成做某事finishdoingsthfit:尺寸大小合适suit颜色，式样，款式合适match=gowith相配fixoneseyesonsth注视flight航班float漂浮fly飞flow流动focusattention/mindon集中注意力爱好，喜欢befondof=bekeenon释放某人setsbfreeinfrontof在前

33、面inthefrontof在前部Whatfunwhatbadnews/weather得到更多信息getfurtherinformationgnerallyspeaking一般说来上(下)公共汽车geton,getoff上(下)小汽车getinto,getoutof在某方面有天赋haveagiftforgiveaway赠送,泄漏givein屈服giveup放弃giveout发出(热，气味)筋疲力尽，分发giveoff发出(热，气味)onlytoo=very非常onlytodosth结果却nevertodosth从不做justtodosth只能做glanceat瞥一眼glareon怒目相视star

34、eat盯着看watchsthdisappear注视.消失233.gobad变质goover复习gowrong发生故障begoodat擅长dogoodtosb/sth对某人/某物有好处begoodforsb对某人有好处Agoodmanystudentshavebooks/Manyastudenthasabook做什么事毫无用处Itsnogooddoing=ItsnogoodtodosthThemoreworkyoudo,themoregoodyouwillget.毕业于graduatefrom因.感激某人begratefultosbforsth/bethankfultosbforsth237.养

35、成.习惯form/getintothehabitofdoingsth改掉习惯break/getridogthehabitofdoingsth238.cutsthinhalf=cutsthintohalves帮忙lendahandtosb上交handinhang悬挂hunghung/hang上吊hangedhanged241.碰巧做某事happentodosth/碰巧It(so)happensthat/某事碰巧发生某人身上Sthhappentosb242.Hardlywhen/nosoonerthan(置于句首,前分句倒装,前句用Haddone,后句过去时)HardlyhadheleftWhen

36、Icame243.在某方面有问题havetroublewithsth/让某人做某事havesbdosth=letsbdosth=makesbdosth让某事被做havesthdone使.处于某种状态havesthdoing与有关havesomethingtodowith244.收到某人来信hearfromsb听见某人做某事(全过程)hearsbdo听见某人做某事(片段)hearsbdoing245.激烈的讨论heateddiscussion大雨/雪heavyrain/snow帮助某人摆脱困境helpsbout帮助某人做某事helpsbwithsth=helpsb(to)dosth有用的beof

37、help=behelpful在.的帮助下withthehelpof248.犹豫做某事hesitatetodosth高度评价think/speakhighlyof举起/耽搁holdup别挂断holdon阻挡holdback251.为了纪念inhonourof252.无论多困难howeverdifficult=whateverdifficulty/无论however+形容词/副词=whatever+名词253.匆忙做某事hurrytodosth=dosthinahurry254.对.有大概的了解getarough/generalideaofsth255.不良作用illeffect副作用sideef

38、fect256.设想做某事imaginedoingsth对.产生影响haveanimpact/influenceon给某人留下好印象givesbagoodimpression在某人20几岁时inonestwentiesdependon依靠=relyonbeindependentof不依赖别人的,.独立的260.把某事通知某人informsbofsth使某人得到通知keepsbinformedofsth261.比次等beinferiorto比高等beseniorto比低bejuniorto262.坚持做某事insistondoingsth坚决要求做insistthat+句子(用should+V)坚持.观点insistthat+句子(事实情况)263.打算做某事plantodo=meantodo=intendtodo264.对.感兴趣take/showinterestin=beinterestedin265.参军jointhearmy成为一员joinsb积极参加joinin=takepartin266.和某人开玩笑playajokeonsb嘲笑某人laughatsb=makefunofsb267.靠左行驶keeptotheleft阻止某人做某事keepsbfromdoingsth=preventsb(from)doingsth=stopsb(from)doingsth